Elon Musk’s Secret Web of Companies in Texas“I am selling almost all physical possessions,” he posted on social media. “Will own no house.”
But in the years since, Mr. Musk, 54, has quietly built an empire of more than 90 companies and other legal entities in Texas, which have amassed a vast collection of assets.
But The Times identified at least 37 companies that appeared to be largely for Mr. Musk’s personal use. Among them was one that owns two multimillion-dollar condominiums totaling more than 7,000 square feet in the Austin Proper Hotel, with sweeping views of downtown. Other companies managed planes that Mr. Musk uses for private travel and a portfolio of more than 1,000 acres of land, which when combined is bigger than Central Park in New York. The lines between Mr. Musk’s business and personal interests are often blurry, and some of the companies most likely served both purposes.
The Times’s examination also offers a window into how Mr. Musk used private companies to support Donald J. Trump during the 2024 election. Tapping these companies to cover the expenses of a super PAC is highly unusual, campaign finance experts said, and ended up obscuring how money was being spent because they are not subject to the disclosure requirements of super PACs.
The vehicle that Mr. Musk frequently turned to is one that many of the ultrarich use: limited liability companies, which are designed to shield owners from legal and financial risks, as well as public scrutiny. Whatever Mr. Musk’s intent, the effect of using these companies has been to disguise how he is spending his money.
The ultrawealthy’s use of limited liability companies is legal and often used to ensure privacy. But they are now used so frequently and for so many investments that some billionaires cannot keep track of how many they operate, said Mitchell Gans, a law professor at Hofstra University.
Some Texans who worked at the addresses associated with Mr. Musk’s personal companies seemed perplexed that they were working in locations linked to the billionaire.
At least 15 of his companies — including his family office, Excession LLC, and another, Red Planet Ventures I LLC — list as their main addresses the same post office box in the Austin suburbs. Mr. Musk’s voter registration has listed the same post office box as a mailing address.
On 110 acres in Del Valle, Texas, near Austin, a large building was recently under construction al
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