>>1858827you've managed to lay out the current understanding of education. hooray! To solve a problem is to investigate it.
The main issue here is that there's no agreement on what knowledge is necessary, and there's really no objective basis beyond teaching skills that everyone uses like language. But also even that model is close to the civic education model, which makes a similar claim that education's purpose is to create a person who can integrate into society and function within its structures, etc. But even that basic idea is contested!
Anyways, yes alternatives are put forward, and each alternative is generally it's own school of educational theory.
My fav idea about how education should look is that the student chooses what they are interested in, and then engages with that through practice as well as study. This obviously requires some background skills like literacy, but it doesn't proscribe any wider set of knowledge that has to be collectively known. But in general everything connects (education isn't a skill tree) so that's not a huge problem. Becoming educated in any area is a decent 'foundation' for education in another, since at the end of the day we're referencing the same world from different points of interest. But the core of the idea is that to assimilate knowledge is an active thing, and engaging in knowledge production helps this. What I've read also kind of encourages specifically pro-social community oriented study/projects. I think this is important. A good teacher of this kind of education should be able to point a student in the right direction, corral them a little to keep them away from pitfalls, help them with navigating material aspects, and stay curious in order to stimulate the learner's curiosity and not snuff out the flame that is their love of independent experimentation/learning. I believe in adult education also though, there's no reason why education can't continue as we get older. Studies showing decreased neurogenesis and neuroplasty as we age don't take into account that we also generally stop learning over time… use it or lose it. This model requires a baseline level of literacy, physical ability, social understanding, and some understanding of the world and what's out there to engage with. I guess that's part of why authors I've read push that kids should be aiding their communities somehow - it doesn't require any extra knowledge of the world, just the lived experience of the child and the issues they've faced and witnessed. I think this is basically the model we should use when educating ourselves and each other as communists. Theory and practice. Produce knowledge in order to assimilate it. Focus on real issues, which serves as the motivation and grounding for higher intellectual pursuits insofar as that's necessary to solving the problem. Currently we do the exact opposite of this, pushing a canon of generic high-theoretical texts divorced from real (contemporaneous) struggles on people who are trying to understand the world around them.