>>667598<In conclusion, the pre-Darwinian theories of evolution, including Lamarckism, catastrophism, transformism, natural theology, and uniformitarianism, laid the groundwork for Darwin's groundbreaking ideas.These? Well, Lamarckism is dialectical, if I'm remembering it right from school. But it's also wrong. Well, not really, it's called epigenetics today, but it's not as drastic as the giraffe neck example.