>>7408>The laws that determine the organization of matter at a higher level have a higher status (more valuable for human practice) and are not expressed through the laws that determine the organization of matter at a lower level. In particular, Lysenko emphasized that biology cannot be reduced to either physics or chemistry; that biophysical and biochemical laws, although they help biology, have a lower status in it than the biological laws of growth and development of living organisms. Biological phenomena are not the "mechanical sum" of physical movements or chemical reactions; they represent the next higher level of movement. Revealing, what chemical reactions accompany or even cause certain phenomena in the world of the living, we cannot say that we have “reduced biology to chemistry”; biology is not chemistry or physics.Lysenko is doing cringe bickering, about his scientific field being more important then somebody else's, he also is wrong to demote physics and chemistry to the lower levels that have nothing to contribute to biology:
Evolution is change over time. More specifically, it is changes within a biological population over successive generations. Ultimately, biological complexity is one of the most important things to come out of evolution. Things started simple. Then genes mutated, cells interacted with their environment, mitochondria stopped being living organisms and started being part of a cell and complex life. We know where the complexity of life came from. We have elephants, and snakes, viruses and the tardigrade because of evolution. But we don’t know where itself life came from.
Abiogenesis is the origin of life from non-living matter. And it has been a burning question for some time (since long before Darwin came up with the Theory of Evolution). But there may be an answer looming on the horizon.And this answer is surprisingly simple: Life is inevitable.
Physicists have argued that the occurrence of life is a matter of inevitability. The models that physicists have come up with are formulated on previously established theories in physics, and they conclude that matter will generally develop into systems that, when “driven by an external source of energy” and “surrounded by a heat bath,” become increasingly efficient at dissipating energy.
In order to understand the theory, you need to understand the second law of thermodynamics, also known as the law of increasing entropy or the “arrow of time.” The second law states, “The entropy of an isolated system not in equilibrium will tend to increase over time, approaching a maximum value at equilibrium.” To put it very bluntly, entropy means that things fall apart. Hot things cool off, gas will diffuse through air, a house crumbles but does not instantaneously add on a new kitchen. Thus, as previously stated, things fall apart; they get more disordered; energy tends to diffuse as time progresses. Entropy is basically a measure of this tendency.
It is measuring how dispersed the energy is among the particles in a system, and how diffuse those particles are throughout space. This system is pretty disordered, therefore higher entropy. We know that, on the whole, entropy always increases because of a simple matter of probability: There are more ways for energy to be spread out than for it to be concentrated. Thus, as particles in a system move around and interact, they will, through sheer chance, tend to adopt configurations in which the energy is spread out.
Physicist Jeremy England explains, “We can show very simply the more likely evolutionary outcomes are going to be the ones that absorbed and dissipated more energy from the environment’s external drives on the way to getting there, for example, think about how the overall entropy of the universe increases during photosynthesis as the sunlight dissipates. If you shine a light for long enough time on a patch of dirt, eventually a plant will grow there because it's better at increasing entropy than just the patch of dirt alone.