>>2510615While On the Origin of Species (1859) provided the scientific bedrock for understanding humans as part of the natural, evolving world, Stirner's work (1844) belongs to a philosophical trend that was already embracing naturalism as a response to religious and idealist thought.
Stirner's denunciation of virtue is deeply rooted in this pre-Darwinian intellectual context:
• Philosophical Naturalism: Stirner was a Left-Hegelian who followed Ludwig Feuerbach's idea of philosophical inversion, which argued that "God" was merely the projection of human qualities. Stirner extended this, arguing that all abstract ideas—including morality, law, and even "humanity"—are "spooks" that oppress the real, material, living individual (the Unique One).
• The Body as the Ego: When Stirner praises the "buxom form" and condemns the "slow bleeding away of her youth" for the sake of the "soul," he is making a fiercely materialist and egoistic defense of the body's integrity and its natural functions. He sees the girl's sexual drives as part of her "Ownness" (Eigenheit), which morality demands she sacrifice.
• The Clash: The passage perfectly encapsulates the clash between the Ideal (the soul, virtue) and the Material (the body, youth, desire). Stirner's argument is that the individual should assert their self-will against these spiritual demands, making the body's natural state the only moral authority.