>>2843220>Within the co-operative society based on common ownership ofthe means of production, the producers do not exchange their products;
just as little does the labor employed on the products appear here as the
value of these products, as an objective quality possessed by them, since
now, in contrast to capitalist society, individual labor no longer exists in
an indirect fashion but directly as a component part of the total labor.
The phrase “proceeds of labor,” objectionable also today on account of its
ambiguity, thus loses all meaning.
What we have to deal with here is a communist society, not as it
has developed on its own foundations, but, on the contrary, just as it
emerges from capitalist society; which is thus in every respect, econom-
ically, morally and intellectually, still stamped with the birth marks of
the old society from whose womb it emerges.
>Accordingly, the individ-ual producer receives back from society—after the deductions have been
made—exactly what he gives to it. What he has given to it is his indi-
vidual quantum of labor. For example, the social working day consists
of the sum of the individual hours of work; the individual labor time of
the individual producer is the part of the social working day contributed
by him, his share in it. He receives a certificate from society that he has
furnished such-and-such an amount of labor (after deducting his labor
for the common funds), and with this certificate he draws from the social
stock of means of consumption as much as the same amount of labor
costs. The same amount of labor which he has given to society in one
form he receives back in another.
Here obviously the same principle prevails as that which regulates
the exchange of commodities, as far as this is exchange of equal values.
Content and form are changed, because under the altered circumstances
no one can give anything except his labor, and because, on the other hand, nothing can pass into the ownership of individuals except individual means of consumption. But, as far as the distribution of the latter
among the individual producers is concerned, the same principle prevails
as in the exchange of commodity-equivalents: a given amount of labor
in one form is exchanged for an equal amount of labor in another form.
> Vulgar socialism (and fromit in turn a section of the democracy) has taken over from the bourgeois
economists the consideration and treatment of distribution as indepen-
dent of the mode of production and hence the presentation of socialism
as turning principally on distribution. After the real relation has long
been made clear, why retrogress again?
I feel like we agree on the definitions but disagree on the path that’s most effective.