/edu/ - Education

V Time and Space
Duhring argues in favor of a immovable mover. Engels retorts. We can imagine infinity going one way, says Duhring, say from this point in time, but this point in time presupposes by the same logic an infinite sequence of past times before it. Such a thing is impossible, claims Duhring, hence there must've been some point when history started. Kant already showed that you can argue for and against the existence of infinity from 'common knowledge', so the contradiction within infinity as a concept is something that you have to accept, as Hegel does.

<"Thesis: The world has a beginning in time, and with regard to space is also limited. — Proof: For if it is assumed that the world has no beginning in time, then an eternity must have elapsed up to every given point of time, and consequently an infinite series of successive states of things must have passed away in the world. The infinity of a series, however, consists precisely in this, that it can never be completed by means of a successive synthesis. Hence an infinite elapsed series of worlds is impossible, and consequently a beginning of the world is a necessary condition of its existence. And this was the first thing to be proved. — With regard to the second, if the opposite is again assumed, then the world must be an infinite given total of co-existent things. Now we cannot conceive the dimensions of a quantum, which is not given within certain limits of an intuition, in any other way than by means of the synthesis of its parts, and can conceive the total of such a quantum only by means of a completed synthesis, or by the repeated addition of a unit to itself. Accordingly, to conceive the world, which fills all spaces, as a whole, the successive synthesis of the parts of an infinite world would have to be looked upon as completed; that is, an infinite time would have to be regarded as elapsed in the enumeration of all co-existing things. This is impossible. For this reason an infinite aggregate of actual things cannot be regarded as a given whole nor, therefore, as given at the same time. Hence it follows that the world is not infinite, as regards extension in space, but enclosed in limits. And this was the second thing" (to be proved).
>These sentences are copied word for word from a well-known book which first appeared in 1781 and is called: Kritik der reinen Vernunft by Immanuel Kant, where all and sunPost too long. Click here to view the full text.

Thank you

VII&VIII Organic world
NB I think that every socialist should read some natural philosophy. Darwin is on my reading list since a long time, but I've been reading Haeckel recently now and then and it's a nice break to have philosophy grounded somewhat in science rather than v.v. i.e. becoming idealist. The modern theory of revolution differs from its Darwinian beginnings

Duhring straw-mans Darwin would be the summary of the chapter. I'm extracting some interesting paragraphs, not much else, since most of what Engels argues for is standard biology in most high schools already (I hope so…)

On Darwin:
>Darwin brought back from his scientific travels the view that plant and animal species are not constant but subject to variation. In order to follow up this idea after his return home there was no better field available than that of the breeding of animals and plants. It is precisely in this field that England is the classical country; the achievements of other countries, for example Germany, fall far short of what England has achieved in this connection. Moreover, most of these successes have been won during the last hundred years, so that there is very little difficulty in establishing the facts. Darwin found that this breeding produced artificially, among animals and plants of the same species, differences greater than those found in what are generally recognised as different species. Thus was established on the one hand the variability of species up to a certain point, and on the other the possibility of a common ancestry for organisms with different specific characteristics. Darwin then investigated whether there were not possibly causes in nature which — without the conscious intention of the breeder — would nevertheless in the long run produce in living organisms changes similar to those produced by artificial selection. He discovered these causes in the disproportion between the immense number of germs [in the original Keime, ‘shoots’,‘embryos’] created by nature and the insignificant number of organisms which actually attain maturity. But as each germ strives to develop, there necessarily arises a struggle for existence which manifests itself not merely as direct bodily combat or devouring, but also as a struggle for space and light, even in the case of plants. And it is evident that in this struggle those individuals which have some individual peculiarity,Post too long. Click here to view the full text.

That's a wrap for these chapters. Main points: contra metaphysics in natural sciences and mathematics. Introduction deals with a materialistic and historic analysis of development of scientific socialism. I know I write comments or expositions rarely but this is mostly because the work is quite understandable. I only sometimes write what I had thought during the time of reading. Paragraphs are quoted because they have to be. Alright see you tomorrow hopefully! Good night anons.

>>20218
Tankyoo :)

>>20066
>The final implication of the argument is that this creates a labor aristocracy out of high paid workers in the 1st world that compromises with the capitalist class to extrapolate more value than they produce (reaping the benefits of the exploitation of others, especially those of the 3rd world). This labor aristocracy is marked by the higher end of middle class and up workers within a given first world country.
That's the point of the article. They should probably put it at the top, remove all the algebra, and rename the article. Hey, maybe I should be the main editor? 🤔

The mental model in the prolewiki article about unequal exchange is that profit margins are just something the capitalist slaps on top of costs, which is the opposite of what Marx argued. See pic.

I recommend that for Articles e.g. the one on Unequal Exchange.

Add a section of Key Theorists or Authors or Related peoples, key and relevant works in a further reading list.

>>20149
They could also have a list of critics and put Marx in there.

Some competition or even source for copypaste for you
>>>/leftypol/1574396

https://wiki.leftypol.org/

hi every1 im new!!!!!!! *holds up spork* my name is katy but u can call me t3h PeNgU1N oF d00m!!!!!!!! lol…as u can see im very random!!!! thats why i came here, 2 meet random ppl like me ^_^… im 13 years old (im mature 4 my age tho!!) i like 2 watch invader zim w/ my girlfreind (im bi if u dont like it deal w/it) its our favorite tv show!!! bcuz its SOOOO random!!!! shes random 2 of course but i want 2 meet more random ppl =) like they say the more the merrier!!!! lol…neways i hope 2 make alot of freinds here so give me lots of commentses!!!!
DOOOOOMMMM!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ←- me bein random again ^_^ hehe…toodles!!!!!

love and waffles,

t3h PeNgU1N oF d00m

because it seems dumb. hope youre having fun though

>>20192
not nice to trigger OP's schizophrenia like that

>>20185
>Chaos marxist
Not going to be successful. Have you tried stock investing?

Bookmarked, but not really sure what I would change of my praxis as is with this idea. Maybe after a good meal.

apparently it means someone that concerns themselves with petty details, cracks at tiny fleas
it's also described as a synonym of pettifogger, which means "an inferior legal practitioner, especially one who deals with petty cases or employs dubious practices" here:
https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1908/mec/four2.htm third paragraph

Pretty fair for a brief summary, they do mention government oppression and censorship as factors. Could be made more accurate by expanding upon it.

>>12910
I mean, he was a public figure for most of his life and everything noteworthy that he did was in public

>>12909
This 1000% for every single subject
I feel like a lot of times people her ask specifically for "Can you recommend me some books that already agree with me" instead of practicing critical reading and coming to their own conclusion by reading

Why read biographies when you can read the OG sources?

>>12774
Han Suyin's two books on Mao/The PRC are the best you could wish for, I highly recommend. ( Morning Deluge/Wind in the Tower )

For Stalin theres these two 'Stalin history of the Black Legend' and 'Another view of Stalin'.

also 'Deng Xiaoping and the Transformation of China' for the Deng Xiaoping era PRC.

i just found out about Edgar Snow and William Hinton on douban :p theyre real Gs
(re: mao biography and stuff)
Snow actually put together Mao's autobiography so that's neat

I'll give a look at it, thx anon

As a web page
https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1863/theories-surplus-value/
Also in 3 parts
Part 1
https://archive.org/details/marxtsvpart1
Part 2
https://archive.org/details/marxtsvpart2
Part 3
https://archive.org/details/marxtsvpart3

>>20084
And then even stranger still, more serious articles that list sources may list newspapers as sources.

good question

Newspapers historically being printed on paper had a very strict economy of space that didn't apply so much to books and other media. The trend has stuck, probably because there's no pressure to change it.

>just list sources for your propaganda
newspapers couldn't perform their role

They're the sources. They're not academic articles, they just break news as quick as possible. You just have to hope wherever they their reports from (Associated Press for example) is trustworthy.

Any lists like this for Freudo-Marxists/Frankfurt School?

bump

Reading list of Marx and Engels where shit that's already repeated in another work isn't included

-Ludwig Feuerbach and the End of Classical German Philosophy + Theses on Feuerbach
-The Communist Manifesto
-Economic & Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844
-Chapter 1 of the Grundrisse
-The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State
-Capital
-The Civil War in France
-Critique of the Gotha Program
-Conspectus of Bakunin’s Statism and Anarchy [Extract]

Someone make a chart

>>19914
It's in order, too, btw. So I would write like this instead:

1. Ludwig Feuerbach and the End of Classical German Philosophy + Theses on Feuerbach
2. The Communist Manifesto
3. Economic & Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844
4. Chapter 1 of the Grundrisse
5. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State
6. Capital
7. The Civil War in France
8. Critique of the Gotha Program
9. Conspectus of Bakunin’s Statism and Anarchy [Extract]
Also, thinking about it:
10. The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte
11. The Class Struggles in France

bumpying for new charts

>>19916
>only in english
shiggy diggy
https://www.marxists.org/admin/janitor/faq.htm#hdd

>>19916
>any case there would be need for it later in the world
Marxism is a science, even if all Marxist works were lost, someone would figure it out again. You can't "lose" Marxism any more than you can lose math or physics.

>>19916
>>19917
I'm not an expert but I don't think there's any easy torrent out there. The MIA themselves used to sell CDs and HDDs with the whole archive on them, but those days are done. The problem is that once it became viable to host PDF files the size of the archive just exploded in size compared to HTML text files. So the MIA has a complete set of high resolution scans of both the standard and New York edition of the Daily Worker, 365 issues a year for decades, that alone takes up I think hundreds of gigabytes. With that said, very, very few people will ever read every single issue.

Compared to that, the biggest name authors are still mostly text based. The entire Marx and Engels archive for example is still less than one gigabyte. So I think if you just want the biggest names you can assemble what would be a huge, bookshelf-bending collection of reference material without much trouble.

PS: If you do so try to grab the material off of https://marxists.architexturez.net/archive/ instead of marxists.org, the mirror didn't go along with that bullshit copyright strike on the MECW.