/edu/ - Education

How does the stock market work? Am I wrong in assuming that it has no direct link with the earnings of companies? Earnings go down, people expect other people to sell so stocks go down? Is that literally it? Because that sounds insane even for capitalist standards.

>>1645
It’s the same thing as a share except you don’t get any power over capital from it, but it still gets its exchange-value from the company through regular stock buybacks that basically “back” the stock (similar to how you back a currency, except the stock itself is being backed by a currency)

>>1645
A company can raise capital by selling ownership shares to the public in the primary market (investors pay company). The public can then exchange shares on the secondary market (investors pay investors). People don't know how much a company is worth or is going to be worth so they take a guess on the price to sell their shares or to buy another's shares. This guess is partly based on news on the company and the economy in general. People are going to rush to buy shares if they think they're undervalued and the sellers are going to raise their prices to capitalize. People are going to trip over each other selling shares at reduced prices if they think they're undervalued. Minute-to-minute price changes reflect changes in people's estimation of a company's value.

>>2914
&lt4. Farmland species diversity is damaged
In addition to the accelerated loss of the diversity of major crops and their cultivars, the biodiversity of animals, plants, microorganisms, etc., which are closely related to agriculture, with farmland or soil environment as the core, has also been damaged. Many beneficial animals, marsh wet or aquatic plants, The species or population structure of insects, natural enemies of pests, fungi, bacteria, etc. have undergone significant changes, and their numbers have decreased significantly or disappear forever. The number of pest species and populations has increased sharply, and the abundance of farmland biodiversity has declined significantly. The United Nations report pointed out that in recent years, bee populations, which are closely related to crop pollination and yield, are dying out at an alarming rate, especially in the northern hemisphere. In the past 20 years, the number of bees in the United States and Europe has decreased by 30% and 10%-30%, respectively, while the size of bee populations in the Middle East has shrunk by more than 85%.

In China, many studies and a large number of empirical evidence have shown that the population of beneficial organisms or natural enemies of pests represented by birds, snakes, insects, earthworms, nematodes and ants is rapidly shrinking, while rodents are typical pests. The population density has soared, and some major agricultural and forestry diseases and pests have continued to increase, and the damage has increased. The types or numbers of aquatic animals, insects, frogs, earthworms, algae, weeds, and soil organisms in the southern rice field ecosystem have decreased significantly, and diversity has gradually been lost.

&lt5. The invasion of alien organisms is raging
With the continuous deepening of global economic integration and the intensification of climate change, in recent years, the degree of damage from alien biological invasions worldwide has increased day by day, and more than 100 species of alien invasive organisms are recognized internationally as the most threatening. At present, there are 544 species of alien organisms invading China, of which 100 are more severely harmful, and more than 50 are internationally recognized as the most threatening invasive species. The direct economic losses caused by 11 invasive agricultural aPost too long. Click here to view the full text.

>>2915
The agricultural crisis: excellent work
(TL note. excellent work ~ good practice)
Trying to explore the main inducing factors of the agricultural biodiversity crisis:　　

&lt1. lagging in thinking and understanding
One is the weak sense of crisis. For a long time, due to the limitations of understanding of nature and the objective world, the appearance of abundance of natural resources, and the deviation or misleading of public opinion, humans, especially Chinese, and even governments and management departments at all levels have a blind sense of superiority. , Resources and environmental concerns and sense of crisis are seriously lacking, and further foreshadowed the destruction of biodiversity and ecological environment.

Second, the development concept is lagging behind. Long-term poverty and backwardness, material deprivation, and stagnant economic development have made the Chinese people excessively strong desire to get rid of poverty and become prosperous. Utilitarianism is so prevalent, the color is so strong that it is too short-sighted, and one-sided pursuit of economic aggregate scale and growth rate or unrealistic "leapfrog." Development, while ignoring the inherent quality and efficiency of development and resources and environmental costs.

At the same time, misunderstanding the true meaning of development, simply equating "development" with growth, and blindly focusing on immediate benefits, temporary benefits, partial benefits and short-term benefits, which are scientific, harmonious, balanced, inclusive, and sustainable for development. The overall coordination and balance of sex and "people-oriented" lack sufficient understanding.

The third is superficial understanding. Based on objective reasons such as the gradual, concealed, long-term and complex nature of the loss of biodiversity, many managers, especially farmers, and even scientific and technical personnel have not yet truly fully understood and grasped the importance of biodiversity in resource and environmental protection. And the important position, role and far-reaching significance in the construction of ecological civilization.

Or still stay at the initial level of “pollution control” and “forest protection”, lacking basic knowledge or little understanding of the concept, connotation, and importance of deeper biological diversiPost too long. Click here to view the full text.

>>2916
&lt3. Extensive agricultural and rural production and management
One is the lagging development concept. Throughout the ages, from foreign to domestic, scientific research to production, obtaining the highest or higher agricultural output has always been the primary goal and even the ultimate goal of people's diligent pursuit. However, excessive, blind or one-sided pursuit of temporary yield indicators, immediate benefits, or short-term efficiency and efficiency has prompted people to rush to make manual selection and "survival of the fittest" from the start of the cultivation of new agricultural varieties, leading to the intensification of production links. Professional and large-scale operation and management. Large-scale simplification has continuously promoted the cultivation of high-yield "good" varieties and "unscrupulous" supplemented by all comprehensive measures for breeding and cultivation that capture high yields, ensure a bumper harvest and increase benefits, while ignoring the protection of germplasm resources and genetic diversity, and despising the ecological environment and The protection of industrial diversity ignores the long-term, continuity and scientific nature of production increase, growth or development.

The second is the predatory development of agricultural natural resources. Based on the deviation of development concept and the limitation of understanding, the desire to pursue output value, increase income and efficiency, and get rid of poverty and get rich is too strong, and the objective reality of the belief of "relying on mountains to eat mountains, relying on water to draft water" has led to the destruction of forests and reclamation of wasteland from the sea (lake). (Land), blindly introducing species and disorderly development of wildlife resources, and other chaotic phenomena, such phenomena as indiscriminate logging, indiscriminate cultivation, indiscriminate grazing, indiscriminate harvesting, and indiscriminate introduction have been repeatedly prohibited. At the same time, rural construction is disorderly and out of standard, land utilization rate is seriously low, lack of planning, scattered layout, blind comparison, greed for foreign, over-occupation of cultivated land and extravagant waste and other undesirable tendencies coexist, resulting in a negative impact on agricultural resources, environment andPost too long. Click here to view the full text.

>>2917
&lt5. Climate change and natural disasters
At present, global climate change is becoming more and more intense, natural disasters are frequent, and the impact is becoming more extensive and far-reaching. The continuous warming of climate and the dramatic changes in rainfall in time and space, on the one hand, can directly change the survival and development of agricultural organisms and the geographical distribution range, intensify the process of coastal soil salinization and swamping, and cause the shrinkage of agricultural habitats. On the other hand, it destroys the original agricultural ecosystem and agricultural biodiversity. Extremely severe droughts, rapid droughts and floods, rare storms (snow), sandstorms, low temperatures and freezing, high temperatures and heat, mudslides, etc., dominated by extreme abnormal weather and natural disasters are frequent and frequent, which has caused and is bringing direct damage to the agricultural ecological environment Or destroy, exacerbate the agricultural biodiversity crisis.

>>2918
Conclusion: Crisis
In summary, China’s agricultural biodiversity crisis has quietly arrived and is becoming increasingly severe. Its causes are complex and multifaceted. It is not only closely related to direct, subjective, and controllable human factors, but also has objective and irresistible natural forces. Comprehensive role. But in the final analysis, human activities or man-made damage are the most fundamental reasons that lead to and aggravate the loss or crisis of agricultural biodiversity. It is the inevitable result of people's long-term deviation from objective natural laws, eagerness for quick success, and blind development. At the same time, the process of biodiversity loss is gradual, continuous, hidden, complex and irreversible, and its impact is extensive, profound, serious and lasting. Therefore, it is urgent to examine, understand, and protect agricultural biodiversity with a global vision, an international background, and the sustainable development of human society; only to fully respect nature, conform to nature, and respect nature, and completely transform the old, backward and unconventional. The rational traditional development concept and the extensive and inefficient development model, and the establishment and consistency of the scientific and sustainable "five major" new development concepts can effectively guarantee the agricultural biodiversity and ecological environment safety, as well as the harmony and co-prosperity of man and nature.

>About the author: Jiang Gaoming, researcher and doctoral supervisor of the Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, professor of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, former deputy secretary-general of the China Biodiversity Conservation Foundation, deputy secretary-general of the National Committee of the Chinese People and the Biosphere, and deputy secretary-general of the Chinese Ecological Society , Is currently the deputy editor-in-chief of "Journal of Plant Ecology" and editorial board member of "Acta Ecologica".

>>2501
incredibly based

>>2502
No; unfortunately Brill only ever distributes pdfs from the looks of it.

>>2501
Based-ass nigga right here

>>2305
jacobin interview with the book's editor: https://jacobinmag.com/2020/08/amadeo-bordiga-italian-communism

So is anyone here reading it? What are your thoughts thus far?

>>2556
We need to spread this to more comrades, it's wonderful.

Anyone have more pdfs on based DDR?

>>3359
I was just about to inquire with some Germanons about how reliable those Heske papers are. Eye-opening if so - makes one wonder where Wikipedia's 1989 estimates of $9.7k and $5.1k (on the same page!!!) are pulled from.

who cares what g*rmans “think”

1988, West Berlin anarchists flee from a police attack and climb over the wall into East Berlin

E = mc²

If you are German I can just send you my analysis script. Teaches you everything you need to know about higher level mathematics.

Introduction to Electrodynamics by David Griffiths might be what you’re looking for. it goes over the math you need for the book and it teaches you all about electricity and magnetism which are very easy to experiment with by just picking up a breadboard and some wires and batteries.

What kind of things do you do? As someone with a maths degree it isn't all that practical. The most useful is probably trigonometry and just knowing algebra well, so you can rearrange equations to find out stuff.

>>2532
what's an analysis script?

>>1523
Yeah, hardcore nationalists still consider it 'Elsaß-Lothringen'.
No one else cares, it's a part of France.

>>2209
I don't know about the "Sovjet citizens" but the "Sovereign citizens" comparison is on-point.

>>1511
Because Poland is full of reactionaries and reactionary nationalism, to the point where we prefer the Germans.

>>2509
"Soviet citizens" are a movement of Russians who act as if the Soviet Union still exists and that they are not subject to the laws of the Russian Federation. Similarly to sovereign citizens and Reich citizens they are also attracted to absurd conspiracy theories.

In just 4 years in power:
> Illiteracy rate dropped in 49% in just 2 years
> Over six hundred poor workers received house repair materials through the National House Repair Programme
>Thirty Community Centres opened, others being built
>Numerous communities cleaned up and improved by voluntary work brigades.
>50,000 Grenadians treated by members of the Cuban Medical Workers Team in Grenada
>Social projects Units set up in the Ministry of Communications and Works to provide materials for community work around the country
>More than 2500 new jobs created
>All anti-worker laws abolished.
>Trade Union membership increased to 50% from 30% under Gairy to 80% now.
>Workers protected by Trade Union Recognition Act.
>Maternity Leave Law passed. Major benefits for women in the country.
>Equal pay for equal work established by PRG.
>All forms of discrimination against women outlawed, law passed to guarantee opportunities to the women of our country.
>Secondary School fees reduced to $12.50 per term from $50.00 before the Revolution. In September, secondary education will be free
Post too long. Click here to view the full text.

>>34
One more book on Grenadian history

Also here is my collection of videos, documentaries, speeches on Maurice Bishop and The People's Revolutionary Government:

> Bishop's speech
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X7MtydR-fiI
&lt An inside on The People's Revolutionary Government
> AP Archive
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sYg0nLgGyn0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DeEQobmmuwk
> Fidel visits Grenada
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IhsRGC18m3o
> Grenada - Revo Documentary
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QFiYHj3nAJI (part 1)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c6ZBTa47o_w (part 2)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RtvGdbg3skI (part 3)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g-4WkI3PNoo (part 4)
Post too long. Click here to view the full text.

Also I forgot some more important links

> Bishop's biography
https://thegrenadarevolutiononline.com/bishopcopyrighted.html
> List of all Bishop's speeches
https://thegrenadarevolutiononline.com/bishspeechlist.html
> Bishop's writing "Why a newspaper?"
https://thegrenadarevolutiononline.com/bishnewspaper.html

>>1723
(cont.)
I want to say an additional observation, which I think you wouldn't find frequently in Marxist literature. I call this the Golden Law of Socialist Economy:

~ In the condition of good environment, the lower GDP of a socialist country is, the better efficiency it will achieve ~

>>1720
>Why can't someone start a business though and go from rags to riches?
Such examples are rare, but in any event even if they were more common that would not be the relevant point. An enterprising peasant in the Mughal empire could become a zamindar - whether people change the positions they occupy doesn't change whether those positions are exploitative.

>The market values assets because of demand, and if you are able to fulfill this demand, you get rewarded
This might be a plausible account of CEO pay - that investors pay CEOs much because they know they're so good at their jobs. (There are of course other explanations, but we're not worried about that issue right now.) However, when you buy a company's assets, you're not buying the CEO's time - you're buying the assets. This can be seen most clearly in the purchase, valuation, and payoffs of securities which don't have to be actively managed at all. (If you're a Nazi this is proof that bankers don't do "real" work but factory owners do, but if you think through the logic of the market at all you'll see that people who own shares of each sector are collecting rent on it in similar ways.)

>>1723
>>1724
>>1725
>>1726
dilate

>>1711
>In capitalist philosophy on the other hand, exploitation requires the use of force. A worker is not forced to work for me for example, they are 100% free to go find a different job or start their own company.
Man, you have got to read Marx.

>>1711
>A worker is not forced to work for me for example, they are 100% free to go find a different job or start their own company.
Good job outing yourself as a high schooler. Literally no adult with a mature brain believes in that myth.

anyone know sites with good history boards?

>>629
How can anyone rationally believe that when the easier answer is that you only learn European history in school?

>>706
Bunkerchan.xyz/edu
It’d be good if we had more people.

>>717
>>706
I sexond this one