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/edu/ - Education

'The weapon of criticism cannot, of course, replace criticism of the weapon, material force must be overthrown by material force; but theory also becomes a material force as soon as it has gripped the masses.' - Karl Marx
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File: 1685802283015.jpeg (1.21 MB, 1517x997, black horror.jpeg)

 

How does capitalism, and its most retrograde right wing layers, even keep the idea about race in the public discourse to begin with? I don't think "race" is even really an apolitical and scientific concept to begin with, but if we take science as mediated through the superstructure, then something like race may be naturalised and justified through "genetics" and ancestry/genealogy databases.
12 posts and 2 image replies omitted.

>>15829
Racism is an extension of nationalism. Think of it as a biological nationalism. It's about trying to find a common biological descent that the majority of the population of a nation have (or at least come up with one), and using that to determine who's an outsider. People ultimately believe in it, because it can raise their social standing and get them favors from the "biological majority" bourgeoisie and also because it just ends up becoming a powerful ideology.
>>15840
Did he actually think there was a master race on Mars and Venus?

>>22364
>Racism is an extension of nationalism. Think of it as a biological nationalism.
There is no point in conceiving of it in that manner. You are explaining one construct with another construct when their actual origins and development are distinct.

>It's about trying to find a common biological descent that the majority of the population of a nation have
You operate under the naive assumption that races were laid out based on genuine scientific inquiry. Race came about to justify the exploitation of colonized people and the categorization of these races were merely due to historic and economic happenstance. If races had been set based on common biological descent then people would have concluded there is only the human race, unless you were an American race scientist who believed in Polygenism. Europeans believed in Monogenism and still distinguished by more than on race.

>People ultimately believe in it, because it can raise their social standing and get them favors from the "biological majority" bourgeoisie
You virtually don't benefit at all from being a part of a category that everyone else is a part of. People in Western Europe believed in the existence of the white race and all of them were a part of it. They don't gain anything from being a part of a group everyone in their society is a part of and they also didn't gain favors from the "biological majority bourgeoisie" (?) from that. The point of these constructs was to justify what they did to people in the colonies.

>and also because it just ends up becoming a powerful ideology.
People have no way of knowing that beforehand and that's just a claim made in hindsight.

Race is the kind of thing where the more you promote it at an institutional level, the more it can reinforce itself. Like with science, if you do studies where you sort people into race categories, any differences you find are going to be put in terms of those race categories (as opposed to things like income level or something). The more you do that, the more ingrained that category becomes in the institution. Another big factor is just lack of social mobility. People generally are in the same stratum as their parents, and if you have generational poverty and a group that's intentionally ghettoized with zoning and home loan policies, then it's going to contribute to a difference in material circumstances that's reflected in culture and socioeconomic status that can be lazily interpreted as race differences.

>>22386
I'm not saying it's done in good faith. It's obviously a vulgar form of "science" that comes out of the construct of nationalism. Not all nationalists are racists, either, of course. But racist nationalists can become more popular at certain times. Long-term institutional ingraining of these ideas is definitely a factor as well.

>>15829
Like the church need the devil to reconcily the existence of evil with the idea of an omnipotent and ontologically good deity, capitalism need an essentialist classification of people to justify the misery and brutal exploitation of some.


File: 1683873861001.jpg (54.21 KB, 653x1000, yoga sutras satchinada.jpg)

 

I started being interested in eastern spirituality in general since i started training physical yoga last year. It changed my life i would say, i stopped feeling any physical discomfort caused by sedentary lifestyle and many times at the end practice, laying down on floor in "corpse pose" i felt something approaching a bliss, my mood also seems significantly lifted, i no longer give a fuck, even tho my material situation has not changed much.
This in turn caused me to get interested in eastern philosophy itself, i started reading Yoga Sutras, translation by Swami Satchenada (most popular translation from sanskrit i think, this guy was pretty famous with american hippies back in 60s).
Many of Satchenada commentaries are pretty interesting, they are modern and straight-forward, for example there are explamples including driving cars or going to the mall, there are also fragments that made me ask, is this guy reactionary? Can i reconcile at all my marxist tendencies with my interest in eastern philosophy, or are those things contradictory? All i know there is some one movement that says "actually buddhism and marxism has lot in common", are there more?
Here is the quote i am talking about:

"Suppose some people drive up in a big car, park in front of a huge palatial home and get out. Some other people are standing on the pavement in the hot sun getting tired. How many of those people will be happy? Not many. They will be saying, “See that big car? Those people are sucking the blood of the laborers.” We come across people like that; they are always jealous. When a person gets name, fame or high position, they try to criticize that person. “Oh, don’t you know, that person’s brother is so-and-so. Some strings must have been pulled.” They will never admit that the person might have gone up by his or her own merit. By that jealousy, you will not disturb the other person, but you disturb your own serenity. Those people simply got out of the car and walked into the house, but you are burning up inside. Instead, think, “Oh, such fortunate people. If everyone was like that how happy the world would be. May God bless everybody to have such comfort. I will also get that one day.” Make those people your friends. That response is missed in many cases, not only between individuals but even among nations. When some nation is prospering, the neighboring country is jealous of it and wants to ruin its economy. So we should always have the key of friendlinPost too long. Click here to view the full text.
23 posts and 2 image replies omitted.

File: 1719376354681.jpg (125.58 KB, 1080x1032, 1672877776795154.jpg)

every time I read about eastern spirituality inspiring some belief or movement, it's always some super right wing cause or some insane cult. I've yet to see something good come out of it.

>can I reconcile materialism with philosophy?
Marx disliked philosophers for a reason.

>>22349
Tbc you can enjoy philosophy and be a communist, trying to mix them is completely unnecessary (and you can't do it anyway).

>>22307
whedonism?

>>22353
Like, thought terminating and sincerity terminating cliches, like what Joss Whedon uses in his scripts. Usually used in movie critique. It's why people find characters saying quips like "well that just happened" so vicerally unpleasant, because they've been sensitized to whedonisms.


File: 1688811918799.png (213.99 KB, 360x324, ClipboardImage.png)

 

https://www.ejumpcut.org/archive/jc54.2012/SolesKunyoGeedom/
Best analysis of channers that I've seen
2 posts omitted.

>>19053
Zero mentions of autism or ADHD 🙄
Zimbabwe

>>19053
This is just some guy's media rant

>>22309
Exactly, alleging that being a geek is just some thing we've been brainwashed into by the media is idiotic

>>22309
>>22310
Geeks aren't necessarily neurodivergent. In fact a lot of very neurotypical people are geeks, they're just geeks about things that are socially acceptable. How many sports bros get obsessed with the minutiae of their sports teams and play fantasy football and all that shit? They even buy jerseys so they can LARP as their favorite player. Being "geek" versus "normal" isn't about the mode of interaction with something, it's about the value society has attached to the thing people are interacting with.

>>22311
Being into comics isn't the most socially unacceptable thing either. But you are reading something, out of a page, even if it's mostly images, so a dedicated meathead might see that as "weird".

>>22311
Geeks are neurodivergent when people want to shit on geeks. Geeks suddenly aren't neurodivergent when people are confronted about the stereotypes and slurs they drop. You tell me the neckbeard stereotype isn't neurodivergent coded.


File: 1686909998996.jpg (158.96 KB, 750x1000, flat,750x,075,f-pad,750x10….jpg)

 

Are you a comrade working on something for school or uni that utilizes math or physics?
Need help on a problem?
Developing a new mathematical theory of marxism?

Post here and ill try to help.

Love & Solidarity
17 posts and 4 image replies omitted.

I've identified a need in my region for a product.
It would be assembled from parts imported from China presumably. Who would know what kind of parts specifically and could foresee obvious pitfalls? A mechanical or process engineer or something, or some kind of consultant?

>>18461
protip: if the question doesn't say to prove something, it's most likely because you can't do so and it wants you to argue against the conclusion

>>18461
Exercise 2.4.103
https://www.jirka.org/diffyqs/html/sec_mv.html#exercise-215

Am I dumb? mx''+kx=0, m=5000, x(0)=0.1, x'(0)=1, the general solution is known to be A*cos(ot)+B*sin(ot) where o=sqrt(k/m).

But if I try to solve this, I get A=0.1, and B=1/o. So k=m/B² but I only know m, both B and k are unknown? What am I missing?

bump >>20179

File: 1718656201166.png (21.67 KB, 869x66, ClipboardImage.png)

Why can't people just make up their minds??


File: 1685998690579.pdf (14.52 MB, 67x118, Klaus Theweleit - MALE FAN….pdf)

 

Read most of the first volume of this a few years ago, I thought it was interesting although Theweleit very weirdly fails to mention the origin in the rabidly romanticist, nationalist intelligentsia of the German WWI shock troops and the later Freikorps companies that formed out of them, Ernst Junger being the most famous example, which could make many of their own writings very deliberate rather than passive confessions

File: 1685998707083.pdf (37.21 MB, 67x118, Klaus Theweleit - Male Fan….pdf)


>>13000
I liked "Male Fantasies" but the pathology paradigm is kind of an inherently flawed approach to studying authoritarianism which reproduces the logics backing the eugenicist ideologies one is trying to criticize.
Theweleit shows that the Freikorps soldiers had PTSD and other problems but that still doesn't explain why the soldiers went Nazi and did not form socialist vegan communes instead. Basically, all Theweleit showed was the soldiers were fucked in the head.


File: 1702909972161-0.webm (140.43 KB, 960x720, sage.webm)

File: 1702909972161-1.png (111.47 KB, 234x234, ClipboardImage.png)

 

I'd like to see some discussion, resources, whatever about how an individual or a community should handle trolls, or the methods used by organized agitators to troll forums.
This is a significant topic for preventing the disruption of communities and of information sharing, even more in loosely-moderated places.

Bonus points for anything pertaining to an actual collective counter-trolling tactics rather than just individuals or enforced authority (e.g. moderation deleting/banning).
13 posts and 4 image replies omitted.

File: 1704346791727.jpeg (112.12 KB, 640x947, take the bait.jpeg)

>>21147
consensus crack tho

File: 1704380266635.mp4 (6.36 MB, 1916x800, words_of_wisdom.mp4)

>>21317
That image you keep posting doesn't make sense.

I'm not saying I disagree, I'm saying it's semantically weird.

1) The term 'CONSENSUS CRACKING' (emphasis in original, just like in the image) seems to originate only from The Gentleperson's Guide To Forum Spies >>21142
which claims a certain method is used to develop a crack, a method which doesn't involve posting bait or trolling at all. In fact, it would be smartest to intentionally avoid seeming like either, because the point is to attack your weak planted argument with evidence which appears convincing and widely supported (i.e. the consensus) to the uninformed reader. The rigged argument results in a pre-determined break of consensus being reached in the thread, because one side was intentionally introduced with a weak premise and the other side is artificially inflated with fake accounts. If the cracker were trolling or baiting for reactions, they wouldn't convince the uninformed reader nor be able to fake an anti-consensus, plus it would encourage other forum members to be adverse and then discredit the cracking attempt with real counter-arguments rather than only a rigged one, ruining the consensus crack.
Trolls posting bait is not a consensus cracking attempt, as they do not attempt to plant a conversation which reaches a rigged anti-consensus. If anything, they strive for the opposite - universal opposition to their posts. They reinforce the consensus by making an inflammatory opposition to it for the consensus to unite around, while consensus cracking attempts to manufacture a positive opposition to the consensus.

2) The images disregards that and implicitly reinterprets a 'consensus crack' as a shift in the Overton window of acceptable ideas, so let's be fair and work with that.

But even then, ignoring a shitty unwanted post has the same effect as the regular users themselves forum sliding that unwanted post! It doesn't create any impression that the post's ideas are accepted (let alone consensus!!) if it is completely ignored. Nor does it create that impression if, rather than taking the bait, users refuse to dignify it with a response and simply post laughing anime girls.

Rather, to take bait and pretend it has a right to Post too long. Click here to view the full text.

*
>>21314
I've seen it before, it's a good watch and I recommend! Thanks for sharing.
The Fediverse, from what I've gathered, has normalized medium/high barriers of entry in large numbers of popular communities (as opposed to high-barrier communities being on the fringes, as opposed to capitalist-oriented platforms making barriers extremely low to aid getting as many users as possible), and being federated encourages people to find their own spaces. Contrast again with typical imageboards, with one of the lowest barriers of entry (no registration) and often leaning towards liberal rules if it's not a specialised community. The Mastodon approach, with federated safe spaces, collaborative moderation, and rapid staff responses, makes trolling more time consuming and less rewarding, I'd assume.

>>21140
- Philips, Witney. This Is Why We Can't Have Nice Things: Mapping the Relationship between Online Trolling and Mainstream Culture
- Anglin, Andrew. A Normie's Guide to the Alt-Right https://web.archive.org/web/20231210135756/https://dailystormer.in/a-normies-guide-to-the-alt-right

I'm more interested in the psychology of trolling TBH. I put it down to relational trauma and trust issues mostly.

>>21317
if someone posts something that gets ignored, can that even be seen as a consensus? lol


File: 1652131463346.jpg (602.39 KB, 814x994, 1651315463397893291.jpg)

 

I've been wondering recently: the people who own nothing and produce nothing are the lumpenproletariat, and that includes hobos and criminals. However, organized criminals have bosses who take part of their gains, same as a capitalist takes a wage laborer's surplus value. Can thus mafia bosses and drug kingpins be called a "lumpenbourgeoisie", a specific type of bourgeois that takes the surplus value of illegal or extractive activities? I've seen the term applied to compradors. Also, Mike Hudson comes to mind - he claims the primary contradiction of modern capitalism is not between labor and capital, but the FIRE sector and everyone else, arguing that this industry produces no real physical value and just seeks rents off moving numbers around - could this also fall under the same umbrella?
7 posts omitted.

>>10725
Isn't that what that "In the name of the people" Chinese show is about?

>>10726
In a country with a Marxist government. When it comes to the West these people are only used as an excuse to handwave capitalism's systemic issues away ("crony capitalism") without real malice, unlike what we see towards people in the ghetto selling drugs.

File: 1711305583179.png (1.17 MB, 652x1000, ClipboardImage.png)

Organized crime is actually a lot more of a tribal concept. The name families aren't just for show, it comes from the origins of the Italian mob, The Italian mafia basically grew out of a culture where feudalism ended but the need for it in their culture did not. The people in the outlying regions were used to going to an authority figure to pass judgments for their disputes and protect them from bandits or whatever, and the new government was weak and inefficient. Some places would only have the authorities visit as often as once a month to pick up prisoners to take them away for trial. So you ended up with a bunch of guys that, for one reason or another, ended up being the de facto 'Lord' of their area: the one everyone came to with their problems. Because the people knew how that system worked, and democracy was at best a theory to them. So you had this power and authority structure that grew up in the shadow of the legal, official government.
So at its heart, whether or not it was ever true in practice, the idea of the mafioso was built around them being a respected individual at the head of the community. That's where the idea of mafia guys being 'classy' came from, when filtered through American culture by Italian immigrants and other past and present organized crime groups are also built around the concept. They aren't just groups of guys banding together but actual relatives. The mob boss isn't just a nebulous force, he could be your father's second cousin, someone your grandmother babysat.

>>10559
I liked Valencia's "Gore Capitalism". IMO professional criminals are part of the PMC. Organized crime is the same kind of gore work as done by cops, soldiers and security guards. So really professional criminals are a kind of class traitor.

Organized crime actually works a lot like a cult. What class is Alex Jones? Organized crime is more like religion, conspiracy, multilevel marketing and pickup artist stuff.


File: 1717345158292.jpg (60.52 KB, 700x420, 2701.jpg)

 

I live in the third world, there is relative lawlessness in the country as the central authority is weak and there exist many bourgeois militias.

The left has been virtually dead for decades and all what the current "leftist" parties care about is electoralism.

Me and my comrades are looking to fill this vacuum and start a revolutionary movement that cares less about electoralism and more about winning the direct support of the people while pursuing revolutionary change. Having an armed wing is essential as we will no doubt be under attack by reactionary militias but we also want to be close to the people and win their support before beginning a full on armed struggle.

I personally have no experience with organising or the military. So I'm looking for resources that can aid me with this. Especially the financial aspect.

Please share as much as you can everything from movement building to cyber security, including the classics.

Thanks comrades
1 post and 3 image replies omitted.

>>22255
You should not say that you are "for real", since it applies fed posting, you know…

File: 1718043494138.jpeg (156.97 KB, 1200x1183, 1xeszehe6u4d1.jpeg)

>>22279
Are these strategically valid in the modern world though ?
I mean you have to fight against way different things when encountering a modern military tech, things that would be unfathomable back when these were written? something more modern perhaps ?

>>22281
yes. true. i don't have any.
the guerilla will always be outmatched in tech and weapons, and that doesn't matter. read them and you will understand.

Read up about insurgency and, more specifically as most militaries have manuals online for it, counter-insurgency and unconventional (or asymmetric) warfare.

Also consider the classics; Tsun Tzu and Cao Cao, Napoleon, Xenophon, that indian and arabic dude, Julius Caesar, von Clavowitz, etc.

>>22281
this is for the modern revolutionary millitary theorists to ponder.
i'd say the advent of 3d tech and communication, as well as ai has opened a new way for asymetric warfare.
as long as we don't fall for the meme of millitary traditionalism we will be fine.


File: 1683345488117.webm (301.08 KB, 312x390, LIVEROBESPIERREREACTION.webm)

 

So did the Thermidorian reactionaries make up all the crazy shit about Robespierre, or is it mostly true? I find stuff like the festival of the supreme being where he descended from a mountain to give a speech particularly batshit and theatrical and farfetched.

I regularly hear from people on here that stories of revolutionary atrocities are outlandish lies or exaggerations fabricated by reactionaries to make themselves seem better in comparison. Why wouldn't that be true of the French Revolution? Was Robespierre really a megalomaniac, or did the Thermidorians make all that shit up after they won, and that's what got passed down to us through counter-revolutionary academia?
31 posts and 6 image replies omitted.

>>18406
if they were trying to shoot his jaw off, instead of him failing to kill himself, why did they bother arresting and executing him? instead of to load the gun with another bullet and shoot him again? He was mostly unconscious for an entire day after the failed suicide. There was plenty of opportunity to kill him as intended, right? Unless you concede that a show trial was their aim all along and Robespierre was trying to deprive them of this by killing himself.

>>18391
hebertists were ultras

>>21699
they know you were right which is why they never replied

>>21699
We will never know. However, there is one interesting clue that can also go either way, which is his signature was incomplete on the order to summon the national guard. Suggesting he was interrupted during the process. It's less likely they literally shot him, and more likely a struggled occurred resulting in a misfire.

File: 1718449562954.jpg (258.85 KB, 993x1500, 81lcESmLxYL._SL1500_.jpg)

>>22287
I forgot some details. There is a stain on the document that historians continue to debate being blood or smudged ink. Some think it is blood due to position, supporting the idea Robespierre was shot as he signed it. The signature is interesting as well, as its one of two documents that Robespierre's signature is different. The other being the order of arrest for Danton. In that case it is very small, and I've read pure speculation this might have been an expression of discomfort on his part with being responsible for Danton's death.

His last speeches also were directly referential to that he would not kill himself and the Cult of the Supreme being's coronation reads like a eulogy. Robespierre seeing himself as already dead would fit with his guiding philosophy regarding revolution.

There is supporting evidence for attempted suicide as well. Besides the fact the little pygmy couldn't use a gun, Robespierre did not want to sign the order. It is documented when asked to call in the National Guard to save the Jacobins, he hesitated because putting his name on the document would be a betrayal of his own revolution. Specifically when asked who should sign, Robespierre replied: "The People."

But then it's also worth taking into account the state of the headquarters. Couthon was thrown down the stairs in the Jacobin Headquarters. Only Saint-Just avoided being physically injured during their arrest. Pic related is worth a read for a play by play unless you know French.


File: 1641518209587.png (Spoiler Image,801.25 KB, 468x660, ClipboardImage.png)

 

ITT: resources and tips about navigating the Internet and researching topics

Feel free to post your own resources and tips too.

I'm going to post a lot of my own that I have gathered over the years.
I ask that random chit-chat in this thread is kept to a minimum except regarding technical questions & answers on the topic matter.
This is so that resources are kept as compact as possible, and so, readable.

First I'll dump resources and tips for researching various topics.
Note: I don't even have access to or use some of these myself (e.g. LexisNexis which seems to be pay-to-use), but I figure they could be helpful in some narrow cases. I use most of these myself. If the initial things I post don't interest you, keep reading anyway. I'm going to be dumping a lot of content.

PressReader
https://www.pressreader.com/
Find key terms in newspapers and magazines.
I would say this is more helpful for finding sources that do exist rather than for reading them, per se. You can try to read the articles elsewhere than PressReader if you know their titles or part of their body text. The site appears to brand itself as pay-to-use, however you can use the search tool anyway and even read some resulting articles.
Post too long. Click here to view the full text.
119 posts and 17 image replies omitted.

File: 1713888494565.png (511.05 KB, 600x878, 17bookzuboff1-articleLarge.png)

>>21640
Currently reading this. This book is terrifying, amazing and probably the most important thing you can currently read.

Guide To English Pornstars: The Intermediate Guide To English Pornstars
English Pornstars

Looking for Michael Hudson's book, "Privatization and the Ancient Near East". Not on Anna's, anyone have it? Tysm

Does anyone got the book "Anarchism, Organization and Management: Critical Perspectives for Students" pdf?

>>22276 (me)
Found a book that is quite close to that, did someone already read it? It looks exactly like what i was looking for:
"ephemera: theory & politics in organization management business anarchism"

https://ephemerajournal.org/sites/default/files/2022-01/14-4ephemera-nov14.pdf


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