/edu/ - Education

This is not the problem you think it is. Philosophy expounded on causality and time in ancient times. It is a thoroughly modern doctrine that makes these idiotic koans about "historical progress" as a blind force. History never worked that way.

Main difference with European/Christian philosophy is that Law and the state were described exhaustively, whereas for the rest of the world, rulers didn't make any pretenses that their rule was about justice or order or anything necessarily good or reasonable. If you think English common law is arbitrary and dumb, get a load of the laws most of humanity followed. The point of describing the state exhaustively was precisely to work against the conceit that there was anything mystical about the state's laws, whereas for most of the world, this concept of the state and the conspiracy around it didn't exist in the first place. It was expected by most of humanity that the state and those who ran it would be awful and bring nothing good whatsoever, and the idea that it could be different never got anywhere. The state societies of Europe were far more given over to conspiracy and habitual lying.

It might be interesting to you to learn that "lassiez-faire" as described by the French physiocrats was lifted directly from Taoism and Chinese political thought; that was how they were translating the concept of wu wei. I always found it funny that the most despotic economic thought was somehow "liberal" and came to be associated with democracy.

>>25243

With China being a dynastic society for thousands of years, pretty much its entire history, the totalitarian state was always treated as a universal fact of life, that's the only kind of society people in ancient China ever knew, there was nothing else. The Tao Te Ching delves quite a bit into politics and how to run a society, but it does so entirely through the lens of a dynastic society ruled by an autocratic ruler, making the case for a benevolent passive dictator who rules by not ruling, applying the principle of wu-wei to a monarchy.

I feel like Western philosophy had its own primordial elements which had a lot in common with Eastern philosophy. The East had Taoism and Confucianism as the two original opposing yet complimentary philosophies which inspired everything that came after while The West had Plato and Aristotle. I think Aristotle's view of the world became the much more dominant force in Western thought over the years.

I didn't know about the thing with French economists applying wu-wei to capitalism, it's funny how ideas can be so open to interpretation.

>>25244
Quesnay who was the French physiocrat writer was really big into Chinese history and wrote a book about Chinese despotism (remember that at this time the ruling idea of France is enlightened despotism where the King had centralized a lot of things and emphasized his absolute authority over the state). The physiocrats write slightly before Adam Smith, and Smith specifically rejected the physiocrats after giving them a treatment in Wealth of Nations. It should say something that "lassiez faire" was never what the British promoted in the way that was assumed. The British Empire would from time to time interfere in political matters to rejigger this new thing, "free trade", and if you look at the actions of the East India Company they are running whole countries like a business, rather than operating as "regular rulers". Corporate government, in one way or another, is obsessed with control over the levers of management. There is nothing in Adam Smith that suggests that "state capitalism" can't be a thing. The important thing in Adam Smith is this moral philosophy where everyone is expected to be a rational actor and educated to conform to that if the society is to work, and it is implied that the class of university graduates had a super-authority over the entire arrangement and a rightful lock on positions in government, since they were more committed to the Empire and long-term thinking than typical businessmen.

For the physiocrats the rationale for "lassiez-faire" was not about a belief that this would optimize efficiency or create the most moral society. Quesnay openly states that if people starve, then this is just the natural order, likening the economy to a biological system. This is really important and often forgotten in the discourse, because Quesnay is the first place I've seen that description of an economic system (not that it was called a "system" at the time). Ibn Khaldun way back in the middle ages suggested that the history of states and empires could be likened to the lifecycle of an organism, but this was a statement about politics and had nothing to do with economics, which remained the affair of individuals (which is a roundabout way by which it entered later political economy, and when you think about the status of merchants in Islam and Islamic law it makes a lot more sense).

>>25239
I recognize your writing style. Why'd you stop posting with the quasi-ironic nazi flag?

>>25246
>The important thing in Adam Smith is this moral philosophy where everyone is expected to be a rational actor and educated to conform to that if the society is to work
what? adam smith promotes self-interest of the citizenry (the so-called "invisible hand"; a humean principle of "sympathy" as opposed to the more vulgar "private vices, public virtues" of mandeville). at the conclusion of book 1 of the wealth of nations he speaks on how self-interest also has its class character however, and so shows that what is promoted by capitalists is harmful to society, since it subsumes one's interest as that of another, while what is in the interest of the worker or landlord is good for society (since as he writes, wages and rents rise with prosperity and productivity, while profit rises in antagonism to these two). thus he concludes:
<But the rate of profit does not, like rent and wages, rise with the prosperity and fall with the declension of the society. On the contrary, it is naturally low in rich and high in poor countries, and it is always highest in the countries which are going fastest to ruin. The interest of this third order, therefore, has not the same connection with the general interest of the society as that of the other two […] It is by this superior knowledge of their own interest that they have frequently imposed upon his generosity, and persuaded him to give up both his own interest and that of the public, from a very simple but honest conviction that their interest, and not his, was the interest of the public. The interest of the dealers, however, in any particular branch of trade or manufactures, is always in some respects different from, and even opposite to, that of the public. To widen the market and to narrow the competition, is always the interest of the dealers. To widen the market may frequently be agreeable enough to the interest of the public; but to narrow the competition must always be against it, and can serve only to enable the dealers, by raising their profits above what they naturally would be, to levy, for their own benefit, an absurd tax upon the rest of their fellow-citizens.
https://www.marxists.org/reference/arPost too long. Click here to view the full text.

you don't need maths for economics just make shit up like economists do

>>25227
give an example of what economists have "made up"

>>25228
economics

>>25232
🙄😮‍💨

Study the properties and theory of these in the following order:
>fractions
>percentages
>potentiation
>roots
>first degree equations
>notable products
>polynomial equations, bhaskara
>functions (VERY important)
>matrix operations
>combinatorial analysis
>simple and compound interest
>arithmetic and geometric progression
>summation notation
Each of these takes from one day to one or two weeks (in the case of functions). You're expected to do a buttload of exercises. You will only learn by spamming exercises. Make a habit out of it, while you listen to music or whatever. Preferably with pencil and paper.
Post too long. Click here to view the full text.

Heresiarch or Arch-Heretic

The Field of Blood

>>21647

redditor

His Excellency, President for Life, Field Marshal Al Hadji Doctor Idi Amin Dada, VC, DSO, MC, CBE, Lord of All the Beasts of the Earth and Fishes of the Seas and Conqueror of the British Empire in Africa in General and Uganda in Particular

>>25182
Not necessarily. Infinity could exist if modal realism is true.

https://reducing-suffering.org/believe-infinity/

>>25189
infinity doesnt exist
zero doesnt exist

now you can sleep at night

>Tao can be talked about, but not the Eternal Tao.
>Names can be named, but not the Eternal Name.

The most fundamental thing that the human mind can conceive of is the duality, the distinction between two discrete things, e.g. zero and one, existence and non-existence, is and is not. Somewhere between "is" and "is not" is one fundamental absolute truth that is infinite and omnipresent and immutable and unknowable and can never be described or understood, it is the line that you can get closer to but you can never touch.

>>25197
it cant be spoken about because it doesnt exist.
its an illusion; a hallucination.

>>25201

>it cant be spoken about because it doesnt exist.

And it also can't be spoken about because it's the *only* thing that exists. Are you beginning to (not) understand?

Meanwhile: What do our "Left" publishers like Verso push? Apologist slop! Shame on Verso.

The american chauvinists here look down on Furr.

>trotsky japanese spy
damn so trostky was anti imperialist multipolarista in the end, i officially apologize to the fourth inyernational

Furr's autistic dedication to digging through the archives and deboonking Cold War lies is impressive

Christian Rakovsky was indeed a spy. A spy of international jewish cabal. Read Red Symphony

If learning programming be it for work or for fun or just self improvement, don't do those stupid template starter projects like the eternal to-do list. Program software that you want to use.

Real Programmers write in FORTRAN.

Maybe they do now,
in this decadent era of
Lite beer, hand calculators, and "user-friendly" software
but back in the Good Old Days,
when the term "software" sounded funny
and Real Computers were made out of drums and vacuum tubes,
Real Programmers wrote in machine code.
Not FORtranshumanistot RATFOR. Not, even, assembly language.
Machine Code.
Raw, unadorned, inscrutable hexadecimal numbers.
Directly.

Lest a whole new generation of programmers
Post too long. Click here to view the full text.

Learn C/C++ (C# is very similar but there are some differences that are noticeable for those who know what computers do at the hardware/assembly level, all of which are mostly there to make writing business programs easier, while in C/C++ the programmer has to manually do things.) Few languages do anything particularly better than C unless you're getting into base-level OS stuff or security stuff (since C has some security vulnerabilities).

After that it's helpful to have some experience in an assembly language and then learn how C translates common instructions to assembly, to get an idea of how to write the most efficient and elegant programs. If you can do that, learning any other language or system is a lot easier.

Real heart of being a good programmer is systems analysis rather than "coding". Any idiot can write code, but what you're going to do as a programmer is solve problems, some of which happen in the real world and have to be modeled the smart way. It's an art and so many people have difficulty with this.

A lot of people want to learn for game programming, but I can tell you that games are simultaneously some of the most frustrating projects and also the least rewarding, and a lot of game programs are kept simple (and can be pretty badly programmed when you look at them). Games are frustrating as a starting project because you're worried about graphics, music, and gameplay. I find a better way for a novice-intermediate programmer to get used to programming is to program simple applications.

The ideal for a programmer is to build a program that does one thing and does it really well, rather than a big application with lots of features. I'd like instead to type in command line "timer" and get the thing I wanted. You can reuse code and even build libraries if several different programs are going to call the same functions.

Another thing that's helpful for learners: use g++ and, this is really useful, learn how to use Makefile at some point. There are versions of this for Windows and Linux both, and on Linux you're going to get very used to Makefiles since a lot of stuff you would install uses them. The advanced IDEs are helpful (and most helpful for experienced programmers working on a team project), but the best way to learn is to be as close to the computer's simplest operations as possible.

These things can be pretty difficult to pick up. For a code editor, Visual Studio Code is pretty good,Post too long. Click here to view the full text.

https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1884/origin-family/ch04.htm
Reading chapter 4 again
Worth reading to the end

https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1884/origin-family/ch07.htm
Chapter 7, The Gens among the Germans and Celts

The Origin of the Family is a piece of trash and should be flushed down the toilet. There's practically no empirical evidence for any of Engels' claims and his theoretical model is junk, debunked well over a century ago. I really wish commies would stop reading that outdated piece of shit and taking it seriously.

Reading is fed.

https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1884/origin-family/ch08.htm
Chapter 8 on the Germans
>[2] According to Bishop Liutprand of Cremona, in the tenth century the chief industry of Verdun – in the Holy German Empire, observe – was the manufacture of eunuchs, who were exported at great profit to Spain for the Moorish harems.

>>25087
>There's only one "marxism" and only one "communism", moron.
So why do different AES states look so different?

>Bleak.
It's the only thing that will give me a straight answer. All you guys have done is make fun of me for asking the question to begin with. Deepseek will at the very least respond to what I said in good faith.

>>25088
>why dont you tell us where you are getting these ideas
Based on the small amount of Analytical Marxism I've read. I'm open to being wrong, I just want to know why I'm wrong.

>>25039
G. A Cohen is the main one, apparently it's technological determinism rather than class struggle as a reaction against the periodic crises of capitalism

>>25083
The appeal is demystifying Marxism from its idealistic continental slop and salvaging whats left using analytical frameworks and methods grounded.

>>25039
>while I like his stuff, he is still a Westerner.
marxism is a western zeitgeist:
<The Marxist doctrine is omnipotent because it is true. It is comprehensive and harmonious, and provides men with an integral world outlook irreconcilable with any form of superstition, reaction, or defence of bourgeois oppression. It is the legitimate successor to the best that man produced in the nineteenth century, as represented by German philosophy, English political economy and French socialism.
https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1913/mar/x01.htm

>>25015
>normal
idealism

>>25017
Okay totally not dysfunctional and damaging to the development of a person then.

>>25018
and what determines this?

>>24969
absolutely accurate. the ussr suffered this post-stalin as well as yugoslavia post-tito

Bump for interest

what do I need to understand Hegel? should i start with the greeks? should I start with Marx and move backwards and end with ababobabu of the gray cave? can you word it in a way that an ant that is now human would understand.

>>25093
- The Very Hungry Caterpillar
- ASPCA Ultimate Cat Care Manual
- Max Stirner's Art and Religion
- Marx's stuff
- The rest of Max Stirner's stuff
- Main story in arknights
- Hegel's stuff
- Side stories in arknights
- The Very Hungry Caterpillar (again)

>>25094
What if I want to learn League of Legends lore?

>>25094
ok now could you be kind and sincere with me? where do I start, where do I go?