R: 5 / I: 2
what were your most notable recreational/psychedelic drug trips??!?!?!?
for me it was when I was almost on a kush coma and I was listening to music on my brother's notebook and it felt like i was inside the videoclip
what were your most notable recreational/psychedelic drug trips??!?!?!?
for me it was when I was almost on a kush coma and I was listening to music on my brother's notebook and it felt like i was inside the videoclip
R: 536 / I: 102
<Liberty Has Fallen Edition
>May Lenin awaken the workers and help them to see the necessity of revolutionary civil war in the United States.
🛠️ Strike Tracker ⚒️
https://striketracker.ilr.cornell.edu/
🇺🇸 Deeds of the Burger Reich 🇺🇸
https://github.com/dessalines/essays/blob/main/us_atrocities.md
https://williamblum.org/essays/read/overthrowing-other-peoples-governments-the-master-list
📺 Glowie News 📺
(sponsored by the Burger Eagle Freedom Institute (formerly USAID))
• CNN: https://www.livenewsnow.com/american/cnn-news-usa.html
• MSNBC: https://www.livenewsnow.com/american/msnbc.html
• FOX: https://www.livenewsnow.com/american/fox-news-channel.html
• Bloomberg: https://www.bloomberg.com/live/us
🏚️ Local News 🏚️
https://www.50states.com/ce/
✊Live Protest Streams✊
https://woke.net/
🏝️ Epstein's Client List🏝️
https://epsteinsblackbook.com/
🇮🇱 Track Zionazis (warning: ShareBlue)🇮🇱
https://www.trackaipac.com/
📖Read, Burgga, Read! 📖
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLXUFLW8t2sntNn5jQO8vF7ai9x0fna3PV
Previous thread: >>2598830
Remember to filter mass tor baiters, feds, and trolls
Not reporting is bourgeois
Violators will be launched from trebuchet
/USApol/ 🇺🇸
🗽UNITED STATES POLITICS 🦅<Liberty Has Fallen Edition
>May Lenin awaken the workers and help them to see the necessity of revolutionary civil war in the United States.
🛠️ Strike Tracker ⚒️
https://striketracker.ilr.cornell.edu/
🇺🇸 Deeds of the Burger Reich 🇺🇸
https://github.com/dessalines/essays/blob/main/us_atrocities.md
https://williamblum.org/essays/read/overthrowing-other-peoples-governments-the-master-list
📺 Glowie News 📺
(sponsored by the Burger Eagle Freedom Institute (formerly USAID))
• CNN: https://www.livenewsnow.com/american/cnn-news-usa.html
• MSNBC: https://www.livenewsnow.com/american/msnbc.html
• FOX: https://www.livenewsnow.com/american/fox-news-channel.html
• Bloomberg: https://www.bloomberg.com/live/us
🏚️ Local News 🏚️
https://www.50states.com/ce/
✊Live Protest Streams✊
https://woke.net/
🏝️ Epstein's Client List🏝️
https://epsteinsblackbook.com/
🇮🇱 Track Zionazis (warning: ShareBlue)🇮🇱
https://www.trackaipac.com/
📖Read, Burgga, Read! 📖
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLXUFLW8t2sntNn5jQO8vF7ai9x0fna3PV
Previous thread: >>2598830
Remember to filter mass tor baiters, feds, and trolls
Not reporting is bourgeois
Violators will be launched from trebuchet
R: 21 / I: 0
I feel like the legendary bunker man is severely under represented in leftypol. I'm pretty sure there was must be a few Hoxhaists here. While I do not know much about Comrade Enver, the little I have read of him is very interesting. For example, his criticism of China and eclecticisms like blending religion and communism (islamic communism e.g).
Let this be a warm bunker for learning and discussing about the Mountain of Tirana.
/hoxha/ GENERAL
SHOKË ENVER HOXHA GENERALI feel like the legendary bunker man is severely under represented in leftypol. I'm pretty sure there was must be a few Hoxhaists here. While I do not know much about Comrade Enver, the little I have read of him is very interesting. For example, his criticism of China and eclecticisms like blending religion and communism (islamic communism e.g).
Let this be a warm bunker for learning and discussing about the Mountain of Tirana.
R: 6 / I: 2
In one of the parallel universes, the chuds finally stopped thinking, BECAUSE THERE WERE NO transhumanistS AND NO BBC!
In one of the parallel universes, the chuds finally stopped thinking, BECAUSE THERE WERE NO transhumanistS AND NO BBC!
R: 101 / I: 6
The Central District Military Court in Yekaterinburg has handed down a verdict to members of a Marxist group from Ufa. This was reported by an EAN correspondent from the courtroom.
The defendants in the case are Bashkir Communist Party deputy Dmitry Chuvilin* and his comrades: otolaryngologist Alexei Dmitriev*, pensioner Yuri Efimov*, and two volunteers who fought in Donbass in 2014-2015, fighters of the “Prizrak” battalion Pavel Matisov* and Rinat Burkeev*. Before his arrest, Matisov* was the chairman of the Ufa branch of the “Union of Donbass Volunteers.” The members of the group are accused of preparing for the violent seizure or retention of power (Article 278 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), creating a terrorist community (Article 205.4 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), and preparing to steal weapons (Article 226 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). In the end, the judge announced the verdict:
o Dmitry Chuvilin* — 20 years imprisonment;
o Alexey Dmitriev* — 20 years imprisonment;
o Yuri Efimov* — 18 years imprisonment;
o Pavel Matisov* — 22 years imprisonment;
o Rinat Burkeev* — 16 years imprisonment.
At the same time, an investigation is underway into the case of Left Front leader Sergei Udaltsov***. He was arrested on January 12, 2024, after publishing several posts on his Telegram channel in defense of the Ufa Marxists, which the investigation considers to be justification for terrorism.
https://eanews.ru/ekaterinburg/20251216144423/chleny-marksistskogo-kruzhka-iz-ufy-poluchili-bolshie-sroki-v-voennom-sude-ekaterinburga
The Central District Military Court in Yekaterinburg has handed down a verdict to members of a Marxist group from Ufa. This was reported by an EAN correspondent from the courtroom.
The defendants in the case are Bashkir Communist Party deputy Dmitry Chuvilin* and his comrades: otolaryngologist Alexei Dmitriev*, pensioner Yuri Efimov*, and two volunteers who fought in Donbass in 2014-2015, fighters of the “Prizrak” battalion Pavel Matisov* and Rinat Burkeev*. Before his arrest, Matisov* was the chairman of the Ufa branch of the “Union of Donbass Volunteers.” The members of the group are accused of preparing for the violent seizure or retention of power (Article 278 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), creating a terrorist community (Article 205.4 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), and preparing to steal weapons (Article 226 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). In the end, the judge announced the verdict:
o Dmitry Chuvilin* — 20 years imprisonment;
o Alexey Dmitriev* — 20 years imprisonment;
o Yuri Efimov* — 18 years imprisonment;
o Pavel Matisov* — 22 years imprisonment;
o Rinat Burkeev* — 16 years imprisonment.
At the same time, an investigation is underway into the case of Left Front leader Sergei Udaltsov***. He was arrested on January 12, 2024, after publishing several posts on his Telegram channel in defense of the Ufa Marxists, which the investigation considers to be justification for terrorism.
https://eanews.ru/ekaterinburg/20251216144423/chleny-marksistskogo-kruzhka-iz-ufy-poluchili-bolshie-sroki-v-voennom-sude-ekaterinburga
R: 86 / I: 14
>Chavista Rapid Action Troops Edition
Previous Thread Archives
#1 https://archive.ph/4Dq3L
#2 https://archive.ph/sntTt
#3 https://archive.ph/AoX8t
Previous thread: >>2576793
Thread in which we discuss the latest aggression-based-on-lies by the USA against a country which did not attack it.
🇻🇪/US-Venezuela war/ #4🇻🇪
/US-Venezuela war/ #4>Chavista Rapid Action Troops Edition
Previous Thread Archives
#1 https://archive.ph/4Dq3L
#2 https://archive.ph/sntTt
#3 https://archive.ph/AoX8t
Previous thread: >>2576793
Thread in which we discuss the latest aggression-based-on-lies by the USA against a country which did not attack it.
R: 7 / I: 0
I honestly have a hard time reconciling my leftist beliefs with my feeling of chauvinism toward thirdies and women. Sometimes I feel like between Marx and a Victorian-era British Army officer.
I honestly have a hard time reconciling my leftist beliefs with my feeling of chauvinism toward thirdies and women. Sometimes I feel like between Marx and a Victorian-era British Army officer.
R: 12 / I: 5
Trotsky was basically an Osama Bin Laden type figure that railed against Stalin because Stalin didn't immediately abolish the state, abolish the family, pursue muh "permanent revolution" aka embroil the USSR into ill-fated wars and other idealist bullshit that had no basis in the actual material conditions of the time. How dare that Stalin works worth the material conditions and historical context and develop the state to advance proletarian interests – it's all "bureaucracy" and Trotsky is out of power so therefore Stalin must go and he must literally be assassinated (This Trotsky advocated for).
After all this it becomes clear the justification for Stalin's "purges" of these terrorist assholes trying to destroy the USSR. It's amazing that the USSR survived WW2 and constant subversion from these pseudo-fascist retards. It's a testament to Stalin's strength and competence that this is so.
Stalin was right
The more you read into the history of Stalin and Trotsky and their respective followers, the more you will realize that Stalin was right and Trotsky was at best an idealistic retard and at worst a literal fascist collaborator that literally wanted Nazi Germany to destroy the USSR.Trotsky was basically an Osama Bin Laden type figure that railed against Stalin because Stalin didn't immediately abolish the state, abolish the family, pursue muh "permanent revolution" aka embroil the USSR into ill-fated wars and other idealist bullshit that had no basis in the actual material conditions of the time. How dare that Stalin works worth the material conditions and historical context and develop the state to advance proletarian interests – it's all "bureaucracy" and Trotsky is out of power so therefore Stalin must go and he must literally be assassinated (This Trotsky advocated for).
After all this it becomes clear the justification for Stalin's "purges" of these terrorist assholes trying to destroy the USSR. It's amazing that the USSR survived WW2 and constant subversion from these pseudo-fascist retards. It's a testament to Stalin's strength and competence that this is so.
R: 310 / I: 61
>The Estonian Ultimatum Edition
Original threads:
https://archive.ph/S2XYA
https://archive.ph/Ytckv
leftypol.org archives:
https://archive.is/https://leftypol.org/leftypol/res/30501.html
bunekrchan.xyz archives:
https://archive.is/https://bunkerchan.xyz/leftypol/res/8925.html
https://archive.is/yrBUN
https://archive.is/pCecr
previous thread: >>2568462
/prc/ 19
/PRC/ People's Republic of China 19>The Estonian Ultimatum Edition
Original threads:
https://archive.ph/S2XYA
https://archive.ph/Ytckv
leftypol.org archives:
https://archive.is/https://leftypol.org/leftypol/res/30501.html
bunekrchan.xyz archives:
https://archive.is/https://bunkerchan.xyz/leftypol/res/8925.html
https://archive.is/yrBUN
https://archive.is/pCecr
previous thread: >>2568462
R: 577 / I: 139
Previous: >>2587023
Evidence of the influence and origin of neo-Nazi groups in Ukraine
https://archive.ph/44B9Q
https://archive.ph/x1sRT#1323637
https://archive.ph/x1sRT#1323658
https://archive.ph/x1sRT#1323663
https://archive.ph/x1sRT#1323688
https://archive.ph/x1sRT#1323729
https://archive.ph/x1sRT#1323733
https://archive.ph/x1sRT#1323731
https://archive.ph/x1sRT#1323735
https://archive.ph/x1sRT#1323740
https://azovlobby.substack.com/
https://banderalobby.substack.com/
—————————————————–
ALWAYS APPROACH SOURCES CRITICALLY
Live maps and updates
DeepStateMap: https://deepstatemap.live
Events in Ukraine: https://eventsinukraine.substack.com/
SouthFront: https://southfront.press/category/all-articles/world/europe/ukraine/
Watch Together
📺 News/events: https://tv.leftypol.org/r/HappeningsviaKlash
📺 Hangout/chill: https://tv.leftypol.org/r/bloodcast
Watch By Yourself
>Video Essays / Historical Background
📺 • Ukraine: The Avoidable War - Boy Boy
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LL4eNy4FCs8
📺 • Ukraine's Nazi Problem - The Marxist Project
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4yZvWAwU5W4
📺 • America, Russia, and Ukraine's Far Right - Gravel Institute
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t0pyVJG7_6Q
📺 • The Nature of Putin's Russia and Its Causes (3-Part Series) - 1Dime
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o8d6Vzi7zYg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zODWTfMwFGw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Zuygh9Mzuo
<Current Happenings
📺 • The Grayzone: https://www.youtube.com/@thegrayzone7996
📺 • DDGeopolitics: https://www.youtube.com/@DDGeopolitics
📺 • Defense Politics Asia: https://www.youtube.com/@DefensePoliticsAsia
📺 • The Duran: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCdeMVChrumySxV9N1w0Au-w
📺 • The News Atlas: https://www.youtube.com/c/thenewatlas
📺 • Military Summary: https://www.youtube.com/@militarysummary
—————————————————–
Social media
>Twitter
https://twitter.com/GeromanAT
https://twitter.com/plnewstoday
https://twitter.com/RALee85
https://twitter.com/MarQs__
https://twitter.com/KofmanMichael
https://twitter.com/IntelCrab
https://twitter.com/michaelh992
https://twitter.com/Suriyakmaps
<Telegram
https://t.me/milinfolive
https://t.me/hueviykharkov
https://t.me/conflictzone
https://t.me/vorposte
https://t.me/intelslava
https://t.me/grey_zone
https://t.me/AussieCossack
https://t.me/asbmil
https://t.me/Slavyangrad
🇷🇺🇺🇦
Thread guidelines:
• Please remember to add a spoiler to NSFW and extreme content such as graphic violence and gore.
• Try your best to not derail discussion too much from the main events and relevant places where the war is taken place, as well as other happenings, groups and public figures related to it.
• Meta discussion of the historical, philosophical and ideological background of the war is fine as long as its done in good faith and comradely.
• In the event the meta discussion overstays its welcome, participating users will be referred to take the conversation to the INTERNATIONALISM general thread.
• Quality shitposting and original content is encouraged! Spamming glowie memes is low effort.
• this is /ISG/ for people who treats geopolitics like shitty map games
• behead NATO, crush NATO, etc.
/ukr/ - Russia-Ukraine War General #274
givas ceasefire or givas death edition.Previous: >>2587023
Evidence of the influence and origin of neo-Nazi groups in Ukraine
https://archive.ph/44B9Q
https://archive.ph/x1sRT#1323637
https://archive.ph/x1sRT#1323658
https://archive.ph/x1sRT#1323663
https://archive.ph/x1sRT#1323688
https://archive.ph/x1sRT#1323729
https://archive.ph/x1sRT#1323733
https://archive.ph/x1sRT#1323731
https://archive.ph/x1sRT#1323735
https://archive.ph/x1sRT#1323740
https://azovlobby.substack.com/
https://banderalobby.substack.com/
—————————————————–
ALWAYS APPROACH SOURCES CRITICALLY
Live maps and updates
DeepStateMap: https://deepstatemap.live
Events in Ukraine: https://eventsinukraine.substack.com/
SouthFront: https://southfront.press/category/all-articles/world/europe/ukraine/
Watch Together
📺 News/events: https://tv.leftypol.org/r/HappeningsviaKlash
📺 Hangout/chill: https://tv.leftypol.org/r/bloodcast
Watch By Yourself
>Video Essays / Historical Background
📺 • Ukraine: The Avoidable War - Boy Boy
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LL4eNy4FCs8
📺 • Ukraine's Nazi Problem - The Marxist Project
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4yZvWAwU5W4
📺 • America, Russia, and Ukraine's Far Right - Gravel Institute
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t0pyVJG7_6Q
📺 • The Nature of Putin's Russia and Its Causes (3-Part Series) - 1Dime
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o8d6Vzi7zYg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zODWTfMwFGw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Zuygh9Mzuo
<Current Happenings
📺 • The Grayzone: https://www.youtube.com/@thegrayzone7996
📺 • DDGeopolitics: https://www.youtube.com/@DDGeopolitics
📺 • Defense Politics Asia: https://www.youtube.com/@DefensePoliticsAsia
📺 • The Duran: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCdeMVChrumySxV9N1w0Au-w
📺 • The News Atlas: https://www.youtube.com/c/thenewatlas
📺 • Military Summary: https://www.youtube.com/@militarysummary
—————————————————–
Social media
https://twitter.com/GeromanAT
https://twitter.com/plnewstoday
https://twitter.com/RALee85
https://twitter.com/MarQs__
https://twitter.com/KofmanMichael
https://twitter.com/IntelCrab
https://twitter.com/michaelh992
https://twitter.com/Suriyakmaps
<Telegram
https://t.me/milinfolive
https://t.me/hueviykharkov
https://t.me/conflictzone
https://t.me/vorposte
https://t.me/intelslava
https://t.me/grey_zone
https://t.me/AussieCossack
https://t.me/asbmil
https://t.me/Slavyangrad
🇷🇺🇺🇦
Thread guidelines:
• Please remember to add a spoiler to NSFW and extreme content such as graphic violence and gore.
• Try your best to not derail discussion too much from the main events and relevant places where the war is taken place, as well as other happenings, groups and public figures related to it.
• Meta discussion of the historical, philosophical and ideological background of the war is fine as long as its done in good faith and comradely.
• In the event the meta discussion overstays its welcome, participating users will be referred to take the conversation to the INTERNATIONALISM general thread.
• Quality shitposting and original content is encouraged! Spamming glowie memes is low effort.
• this is /ISG/ for people who treats geopolitics like shitty map games
• behead NATO, crush NATO, etc.
R: 336 / I: 119
Link dump:
https://www.greenleft.org.au
https://www.auscp.org.au/militant-monthly
https://solidarity.net.au
https://redflag.org.au
https://marxistleftreview.org/?topic=australia
https://www.michaelwest.com.au
https://overland.org.au
https://arena.org.au
https://www.themonthly.com.au
https://www.crikey.com.au
https://www.redblacknotes.com
https://www.surplusvalue.org.au/McQueen/index.htm
https://reddit.com/r/AustralianSocialism (use a redlib mirror instead of reddit.com)
https://www.labourstart.org/news/country.php?country=Australia&langcode=en
https://anarchistnews.org/content/spotters-guide-anarchism-australia-and-aotearoa
https://thewhiterosesociety.writeas.com (antifascism, most active on twitter)
https://xcancel.com/WhiteRoseSocAU/status/1998189853826289765
<Antifascist alert Telegram channels - join and share the links with comrades and friends
<Melbourne: t.me/AFAAlertsNaarm previous channel was censored, please resubscribe
<Sydney: t.me/antifaalertssydney
<Brisbane: t.me/antifaalertsmeanjin
Naarm (Melbourne) channel has been newly recreated. Gadigal (Sydney) channel has been newly created. The bot mentions a Woolongong one with no activity this year. Meanjin (Brisbane) channel has occasional activity.
/auspol/ #11 - Southern Cross edition
Australian and Oceania politics general thread.Link dump:
https://www.greenleft.org.au
https://www.auscp.org.au/militant-monthly
https://solidarity.net.au
https://redflag.org.au
https://marxistleftreview.org/?topic=australia
https://www.michaelwest.com.au
https://overland.org.au
https://arena.org.au
https://www.themonthly.com.au
https://www.crikey.com.au
https://www.redblacknotes.com
https://www.surplusvalue.org.au/McQueen/index.htm
https://reddit.com/r/AustralianSocialism (use a redlib mirror instead of reddit.com)
https://www.labourstart.org/news/country.php?country=Australia&langcode=en
https://anarchistnews.org/content/spotters-guide-anarchism-australia-and-aotearoa
https://thewhiterosesociety.writeas.com (antifascism, most active on twitter)
https://xcancel.com/WhiteRoseSocAU/status/1998189853826289765
<Antifascist alert Telegram channels - join and share the links with comrades and friends
<Melbourne: t.me/AFAAlertsNaarm previous channel was censored, please resubscribe
<Sydney: t.me/antifaalertssydney
<Brisbane: t.me/antifaalertsmeanjin
Naarm (Melbourne) channel has been newly recreated. Gadigal (Sydney) channel has been newly created. The bot mentions a Woolongong one with no activity this year. Meanjin (Brisbane) channel has occasional activity.
R: 499 / I: 99
Brace through the hyper-real lacanian void together!
Reminder That None of This Is Real!™
ɢʀᴀʙ ᴀ ᴘᴀɪʀ ᴏꜰ sᴘᴇᴄᴛᴀᴄʟᴇs
—————————————————–
CORE THEORY
>The Society of the Spectacle (1967) by Guy Debord
📖 • https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/debord/society.htm
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0blWjssVoUQ
<The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction (1936) by Walter Benjamin
📖 • https://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/philosophy/works/ge/benjamin.htm
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=blq9sCIyXgA
>The Culture Industry from Dialectic of Enlightenment (1944) by Theodore Adorno & Max Horkheimer
📓 • https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/adorno/1944/culture-industry.htm
📖 • https://libcom.org/article/dialectic-enlightenment-philosophical-fragments-theodor-adorno-and-marx-horkheimer
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5hSLdd8R8mY
<Understanding Media (1964) by Marshall McLuhan
📖 • https://designopendata.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/understanding-media-mcluhan.pdf
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=09ML9n5f1fE
>One-Dimensional Man (1964) by Herbert Marcuse
📖 • https://libcom.org/article/one-dimensional-man-studies-ideology-advanced-industrial-society-herbert-marcuse
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ZCoLbEkAqs
<Discipline and Punish (1975) by Michel Foucault
📖 • https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/michel-foucault-discipline-and-punishment
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s82uU4iRuko
>Simulacra and Simulation (1981) by Jean Baudrillard
📖 • https://dn720006.ca.archive.org/0/items/baudrillard.-1970.-the-consumer-society/Baudrillard.1981.Simulacra-and-Simulation.pdf
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Yxg2_6_YLs
<Manufacturing Consent (1988) by Edward S. Herman & Noam Chomsky
📖 • https://libcom.org/article/manufacturing-consent-political-economy-mass-media-noam-chomsky-and-edward-s-herman
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=34LGPIXvU5M
>The Sublime Object of Ideology (1989) by Slavoj Zizek
📖 • https://altexploit.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/slavoj-zizek-the-sublime-object-of-ideology-second-edition-the-essential-zizek-2009.pdf
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TtIckkHsUQ4
<Postscript on the Societies of Control (1990) by Gilles Deleuze
📖 • https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/gilles-deleuze-postscript-on-the-societies-of-control
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hu4Cq_-bLlY
>Postmodernism, or, the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism (1991) by Fredric Jameson
📖 • https://www.are.na/block/4114741
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_4k26xGx1zI
<Spectres of Marx (1993) by Jacques Derrida
📖 • https://libcom.org/library/specters-marx-jacques-derrida
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TJr0NwXWb6Q
>Capitalist Realism (2009) by Mark Fisher
📖 • https://libcom.org/article/capitalist-realism-mark-fisher
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Cb5XJH4NMI
—————————————————–
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL
>Precursor Material to Post-modernity and Critical Theory
📖 • Karl Marx - Book 1, Chapter 4 of Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts (1844)
https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1844/manuscripts/labour.htm
📺 • Why Marx Was Right: Alienation - PlasticPills
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gPRxxN4Kh30
📖 • Georg Lukács - Chapter 4 of History and Class Consciousness (1923)
https://www.marxists.org/archive/lukacs/works/history/hcc05.htm
📺 • Marxism After Marx: Reification - The Marxist Project
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uZiI-QKxBKI
📖 • Antonio Gramsci - Book 1, Chapter 1 of Selections from the Prison Notebooks (1929)
https://www.marxists.org/archive/gramsci/prison_notebooks/problems/intellectuals.htm
📺 • Hegemony: WTF? An introduction to Gramsci and cultural hegemony - Tom Nicholas
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-LI_2-qsovo
📖 • Louis Althusser - Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses (1970)
https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/althusser/1970/ideology.htm
📺 • Althusser's Concept of Ideology: A Discussion with Anthony Gavin - Acid Horizon
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gtOqXxkKwvw
<Documentaries
• The Society of the Spectacle (1974) by Guy Debord
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mjF6I6SYjgA
• Manufacturing Consent (1992) by Mark Achbar & Peter Wintonick, with Noam Chomsky
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Li2m3rvsO0I
• The Pervert's Guide to Cinema (2006) and The Pervert's Guide to Ideology (2012) by Sophie Fiennes, with Slavoj Zizek
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FYuI4SFw4g0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oBcFLmu_tlc
• HyperNormalisation (2016) by Adam Curtis
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4bv3Tr3jvZM&rco
>Easy-Bake Breadtube (for absolute beginners)
• We're All Fake Now - Wisecrack
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RTW1mPOJJ_Y
• Are Cell Phones Replacing Reality? - PBS Idea Channel
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8AXIAM7dTTg
• The Cultural Significance of Cyberpunk - Cuck Philosophy
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nvor7hhDKTs
• Introduction to Critical Theory for the 21st Century - Nathan Dufour
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e7stVZPGxIw
• The Work of Art in the Age of Surveillance Capitalism - Brendan Morris
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aNKiBJJFXZI
<Situationist Archives
• https://situationist.org/
• https://notbored.org/SI.html
• https://bopsecrets.org/SI/index.htm
—————————————————–
RECOMMENDED OP-EDS
• I Don’t Want to Be an Internet Person by Ginevra Davis
https://www.palladiummag.com/2022/11/04/i-do-not-want-to-be-an-internet-person/
• Pluralistic: Tiktok's enshittification by Cory Doctorow
https://pluralistic.net/2023/01/21/potemkin-ai/#hey-guys
• Facebook's Threads is so depressing by Jason O. Gilbert
https://jogblog.substack.com/p/facebooks-threads-is-so-depressing
/ISG/ - Internet Spectacle General
A thread focused on discussing the parasocial relationships cultivated by the Almighty Algorithm to generate profit off of our atomization and society's commodification of petty internet drama.Brace through the hyper-real lacanian void together!
Reminder That None of This Is Real!™
ɢʀᴀʙ ᴀ ᴘᴀɪʀ ᴏꜰ sᴘᴇᴄᴛᴀᴄʟᴇs
—————————————————–
CORE THEORY
>The Society of the Spectacle (1967) by Guy Debord
📖 • https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/debord/society.htm
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0blWjssVoUQ
<The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction (1936) by Walter Benjamin
📖 • https://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/philosophy/works/ge/benjamin.htm
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=blq9sCIyXgA
>The Culture Industry from Dialectic of Enlightenment (1944) by Theodore Adorno & Max Horkheimer
📓 • https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/adorno/1944/culture-industry.htm
📖 • https://libcom.org/article/dialectic-enlightenment-philosophical-fragments-theodor-adorno-and-marx-horkheimer
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5hSLdd8R8mY
<Understanding Media (1964) by Marshall McLuhan
📖 • https://designopendata.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/understanding-media-mcluhan.pdf
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=09ML9n5f1fE
>One-Dimensional Man (1964) by Herbert Marcuse
📖 • https://libcom.org/article/one-dimensional-man-studies-ideology-advanced-industrial-society-herbert-marcuse
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ZCoLbEkAqs
<Discipline and Punish (1975) by Michel Foucault
📖 • https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/michel-foucault-discipline-and-punishment
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s82uU4iRuko
>Simulacra and Simulation (1981) by Jean Baudrillard
📖 • https://dn720006.ca.archive.org/0/items/baudrillard.-1970.-the-consumer-society/Baudrillard.1981.Simulacra-and-Simulation.pdf
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Yxg2_6_YLs
<Manufacturing Consent (1988) by Edward S. Herman & Noam Chomsky
📖 • https://libcom.org/article/manufacturing-consent-political-economy-mass-media-noam-chomsky-and-edward-s-herman
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=34LGPIXvU5M
>The Sublime Object of Ideology (1989) by Slavoj Zizek
📖 • https://altexploit.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/slavoj-zizek-the-sublime-object-of-ideology-second-edition-the-essential-zizek-2009.pdf
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TtIckkHsUQ4
<Postscript on the Societies of Control (1990) by Gilles Deleuze
📖 • https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/gilles-deleuze-postscript-on-the-societies-of-control
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hu4Cq_-bLlY
>Postmodernism, or, the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism (1991) by Fredric Jameson
📖 • https://www.are.na/block/4114741
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_4k26xGx1zI
<Spectres of Marx (1993) by Jacques Derrida
📖 • https://libcom.org/library/specters-marx-jacques-derrida
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TJr0NwXWb6Q
>Capitalist Realism (2009) by Mark Fisher
📖 • https://libcom.org/article/capitalist-realism-mark-fisher
📺 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Cb5XJH4NMI
—————————————————–
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL
>Precursor Material to Post-modernity and Critical Theory
📖 • Karl Marx - Book 1, Chapter 4 of Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts (1844)
https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1844/manuscripts/labour.htm
📺 • Why Marx Was Right: Alienation - PlasticPills
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gPRxxN4Kh30
📖 • Georg Lukács - Chapter 4 of History and Class Consciousness (1923)
https://www.marxists.org/archive/lukacs/works/history/hcc05.htm
📺 • Marxism After Marx: Reification - The Marxist Project
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uZiI-QKxBKI
📖 • Antonio Gramsci - Book 1, Chapter 1 of Selections from the Prison Notebooks (1929)
https://www.marxists.org/archive/gramsci/prison_notebooks/problems/intellectuals.htm
📺 • Hegemony: WTF? An introduction to Gramsci and cultural hegemony - Tom Nicholas
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-LI_2-qsovo
📖 • Louis Althusser - Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses (1970)
https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/althusser/1970/ideology.htm
📺 • Althusser's Concept of Ideology: A Discussion with Anthony Gavin - Acid Horizon
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gtOqXxkKwvw
<Documentaries
• The Society of the Spectacle (1974) by Guy Debord
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mjF6I6SYjgA
• Manufacturing Consent (1992) by Mark Achbar & Peter Wintonick, with Noam Chomsky
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Li2m3rvsO0I
• The Pervert's Guide to Cinema (2006) and The Pervert's Guide to Ideology (2012) by Sophie Fiennes, with Slavoj Zizek
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FYuI4SFw4g0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oBcFLmu_tlc
• HyperNormalisation (2016) by Adam Curtis
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4bv3Tr3jvZM&rco
>Easy-Bake Breadtube (for absolute beginners)
• We're All Fake Now - Wisecrack
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RTW1mPOJJ_Y
• Are Cell Phones Replacing Reality? - PBS Idea Channel
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8AXIAM7dTTg
• The Cultural Significance of Cyberpunk - Cuck Philosophy
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nvor7hhDKTs
• Introduction to Critical Theory for the 21st Century - Nathan Dufour
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e7stVZPGxIw
• The Work of Art in the Age of Surveillance Capitalism - Brendan Morris
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aNKiBJJFXZI
<Situationist Archives
• https://situationist.org/
• https://notbored.org/SI.html
• https://bopsecrets.org/SI/index.htm
—————————————————–
RECOMMENDED OP-EDS
• I Don’t Want to Be an Internet Person by Ginevra Davis
https://www.palladiummag.com/2022/11/04/i-do-not-want-to-be-an-internet-person/
• Pluralistic: Tiktok's enshittification by Cory Doctorow
https://pluralistic.net/2023/01/21/potemkin-ai/#hey-guys
• Facebook's Threads is so depressing by Jason O. Gilbert
https://jogblog.substack.com/p/facebooks-threads-is-so-depressing
R: 239 / I: 54
/ck/ -- everything cooking related
Onyo edition
R: 60 / I: 8
>Argue about dvd commentaries, Post your thesis on King of the Hill, Reminisce about a tv show you used to watch but don't quite remember it's title. Just about anything related to shows. Post your highscore on those Ben 10 CN flash games. Anything goes.
OLD THREAD
>>3012
/tv/ thread #2
🎭📽🎬📼📺>Argue about dvd commentaries, Post your thesis on King of the Hill, Reminisce about a tv show you used to watch but don't quite remember it's title. Just about anything related to shows. Post your highscore on those Ben 10 CN flash games. Anything goes.
OLD THREAD
>>3012
R: 17 / I: 3
fill in the blanks
the death penalty is __, because ___.
democracy is __, because ___.
gun ownership is __, because ___.
nationalism is __, because ___.
religion is __, because ___.
illegal hentai is __, because ___.
fill in the blanks
the death penalty is __, because ___.
democracy is __, because ___.
gun ownership is __, because ___.
nationalism is __, because ___.
religion is __, because ___.
illegal hentai is __, because ___.
R: 20 / I: 0
There is this chud, who is a total obnoxious jerk but I can't help but think about sucking his cock and letting him use and control me.
Am I mentally ill?
Am I insane?
I really want to suck fascist cock so bad, guys. I can't help it.There is this chud, who is a total obnoxious jerk but I can't help but think about sucking his cock and letting him use and control me.
Am I mentally ill?
R: 1 / I: 0
I have no idea how my fellow Amerikkkans can live in such bad conditions and not do anything. There is no left in this country. How are people this stupid and how did these people not learn anything after the Iraq war?!?!
I have no idea how my fellow Amerikkkans can live in such bad conditions and not do anything. There is no left in this country. How are people this stupid and how did these people not learn anything after the Iraq war?!?!
R: 1 / I: 0
For example, you can’t go to the pool because you don’t know which locker room to use. You can’t go to the men’s one, because you have a female body. You can’t go to the women’s one, because you have a dick.
SRS solves this problem.
SRS
Am I right in understanding that almost all bottom dysphoria comes from the fact that you’re stuck in two categories at once?For example, you can’t go to the pool because you don’t know which locker room to use. You can’t go to the men’s one, because you have a female body. You can’t go to the women’s one, because you have a dick.
SRS solves this problem.
R: 6 / I: 1
< Mozilla's New CEO: It's Time to Evolve Firefox Into an AI Browser
im not a bsky autist who foams at the mouth over anything with "AI" in the name, should i be worried or is this some buzzword shit you can just turn off with config.js
< Mozilla's New CEO: It's Time to Evolve Firefox Into an AI Browser
im not a bsky autist who foams at the mouth over anything with "AI" in the name, should i be worried or is this some buzzword shit you can just turn off with config.js
R: 5 / I: 1
In a rare setback for the Trump family’s global moneymaking campaign, the $500m development was abandoned after Monday’s indictment of a Serbian minister on suspicion of abusing his office to support the project. “We have lost an exceptional investment,” Aleksandar Vučić, Serbia’s embattled president, said on Tuesday. “I will personally ensure that everyone who participated in causing this damage is held accountable.”
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/dec/16/eu-to-regulate-short-term-rentals-in-plan-to-tackle-affordable-homes-shortage
VW stops production at German site for first time
Though that deal ruled out compulsory redundancies, IG Metall union official Stefan Ehly told AFP that he thought Volkswagen would have major difficulties ensuring that all employees could keep working at the Dresden site. "Stopping production was agreed," he said. "But it was also agreed that there would be a plan for the site, guaranteeing employment for all who work there. And that just hasn't happened."
https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20251216-vw-stops-production-at-german-site-for-first-time
https://archive.ph/UHHpg
Young people hardest hit as unemployment rises to 5.1%
The rate in the three months to October is the highest since early 2016 excluding the Covid era. Office for National Statistics (ONS) data found unemployment rose by 85,000 among 18 to 24-year-olds over the period — the biggest increase since November 2022.
https://morningstaronline.co.uk/article/young-people-hardest-hit-unemployment-rises-51
‘No water, no life’: Iraq’s Tigris River in danger of disappearing
The river has also dramatically shrunk in volume. In the past 30 years, Turkey has built major dams on the Tigris and the amount of water reaching Baghdad has decreased by 33%. Iran too has built dams and diverted water away from shared rivers that feed the Tigris. Within Iraq, water is frequently overused, especially in the agricultural sector that uses at least 85% of the country’s surface water. The climate crisis is taking a toll. Iraq has recorded a 30%decline in precipitation and is in the grip of its worst drought in nearly a century.
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/dec/16/no-water-no-life-iraqs-tigris-river-in-danger-of-disappearing
South Africa coal exports to Israel soar amid Columbia ban
South Africa’s condemnation of Israel has not stopped miners in the country from boosting exports. South Africa's share of Israel's seaborne coal market is set to more than triple from 2024 levels to 55 percent, Kpler data showed. South Africa is not the only country sending energy supplies to Israel, even as it condemns it. Twenty-five countries supplied Israel with crude oil and refined petroleum throughout its genocide in Gaza, a report by Oil Change International found in November.
https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/south-africa-coal-exports-israel-soar-amid-columbia-ban
Egypt targets Gen Z online activism with arrests and surveillance
The Egyptian Network for Human Rights says the information it obtained shows that some detainees, most of them young people, have been brought before prosecutors, while others remain subjected to enforced disappearance, with no official disclosure of their legal status so far.
https://www.newarab.com/news/egypt-targets-gen-z-online-activism-arrests-surveillance
Pakistani court sentences cleric from banned party to 35 years for inciting violence
Zaheerul Hassan Shah, a leader of the outlawed Tehreek-e-Labbaik Pakistan, was arrested last year after a video circulated on social media showing him offering 10 million rupees ($36,000) to anyone who beheaded then-Chief Justice Qazi Faez Isa. Isa had faced criticism from hardline religious groups last year after he granted bail to a man from the minority Ahmadi community in a blasphemy case.
https://apnews.com/article/pakistan-court-sentences-islamist-leader-banned-party-e5c2f072e27b2f9c6aa715bf438b22f5
Petrobras strike hits platforms and refineries on second day, union says
The nationwide strike stems from an ongoing dispute over a deficit in the company's pension fund and proposed changes to employee compensation, among other issues. According to the union, nine transport units, three thermal power plants, two biodiesel plants and five onshore oil fields were also hit.
https://www.reuters.com/business/world-at-work/petrobras-strike-affects-platforms-refineries-second-day-union-says-2025-12-16/
US military kills 8 in latest attacks on vessels in eastern Pacific
Eight people were killed in total, SOUTHCOM said in a statement. “Three in the first vessel, two in the second and three in the third,” it said, while claiming without providing any evidence that those killed were linked to drug trafficking.
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/12/16/us-military-kills-eight-in-latest-attacks-on-vessels-in-eastern-pacific
https://archive.ph/TXpU4
Trinidad and Tobago will open Caribbean nation’s airports to US military as Venezuela tensions grow
The announcement comes after the U.S. military recently installed a radar system at the airport in Tobago. The Caribbean country’s government has said the radar is being used to fight local crime, and that the small nation wouldn’t be used as a launchpad to attack any other country.
https://apnews.com/article/trinidad-airports-us-military-venezuela-strikes-542264e549f41fd00763cee9a30e3683
News 12/16/25
Serbian president threatens reprisals after plans for Belgrade Trump Tower thwartedIn a rare setback for the Trump family’s global moneymaking campaign, the $500m development was abandoned after Monday’s indictment of a Serbian minister on suspicion of abusing his office to support the project. “We have lost an exceptional investment,” Aleksandar Vučić, Serbia’s embattled president, said on Tuesday. “I will personally ensure that everyone who participated in causing this damage is held accountable.”
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/dec/16/eu-to-regulate-short-term-rentals-in-plan-to-tackle-affordable-homes-shortage
VW stops production at German site for first time
Though that deal ruled out compulsory redundancies, IG Metall union official Stefan Ehly told AFP that he thought Volkswagen would have major difficulties ensuring that all employees could keep working at the Dresden site. "Stopping production was agreed," he said. "But it was also agreed that there would be a plan for the site, guaranteeing employment for all who work there. And that just hasn't happened."
https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20251216-vw-stops-production-at-german-site-for-first-time
https://archive.ph/UHHpg
Young people hardest hit as unemployment rises to 5.1%
The rate in the three months to October is the highest since early 2016 excluding the Covid era. Office for National Statistics (ONS) data found unemployment rose by 85,000 among 18 to 24-year-olds over the period — the biggest increase since November 2022.
https://morningstaronline.co.uk/article/young-people-hardest-hit-unemployment-rises-51
‘No water, no life’: Iraq’s Tigris River in danger of disappearing
The river has also dramatically shrunk in volume. In the past 30 years, Turkey has built major dams on the Tigris and the amount of water reaching Baghdad has decreased by 33%. Iran too has built dams and diverted water away from shared rivers that feed the Tigris. Within Iraq, water is frequently overused, especially in the agricultural sector that uses at least 85% of the country’s surface water. The climate crisis is taking a toll. Iraq has recorded a 30%decline in precipitation and is in the grip of its worst drought in nearly a century.
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/dec/16/no-water-no-life-iraqs-tigris-river-in-danger-of-disappearing
South Africa coal exports to Israel soar amid Columbia ban
South Africa’s condemnation of Israel has not stopped miners in the country from boosting exports. South Africa's share of Israel's seaborne coal market is set to more than triple from 2024 levels to 55 percent, Kpler data showed. South Africa is not the only country sending energy supplies to Israel, even as it condemns it. Twenty-five countries supplied Israel with crude oil and refined petroleum throughout its genocide in Gaza, a report by Oil Change International found in November.
https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/south-africa-coal-exports-israel-soar-amid-columbia-ban
Egypt targets Gen Z online activism with arrests and surveillance
The Egyptian Network for Human Rights says the information it obtained shows that some detainees, most of them young people, have been brought before prosecutors, while others remain subjected to enforced disappearance, with no official disclosure of their legal status so far.
https://www.newarab.com/news/egypt-targets-gen-z-online-activism-arrests-surveillance
Pakistani court sentences cleric from banned party to 35 years for inciting violence
Zaheerul Hassan Shah, a leader of the outlawed Tehreek-e-Labbaik Pakistan, was arrested last year after a video circulated on social media showing him offering 10 million rupees ($36,000) to anyone who beheaded then-Chief Justice Qazi Faez Isa. Isa had faced criticism from hardline religious groups last year after he granted bail to a man from the minority Ahmadi community in a blasphemy case.
https://apnews.com/article/pakistan-court-sentences-islamist-leader-banned-party-e5c2f072e27b2f9c6aa715bf438b22f5
Petrobras strike hits platforms and refineries on second day, union says
The nationwide strike stems from an ongoing dispute over a deficit in the company's pension fund and proposed changes to employee compensation, among other issues. According to the union, nine transport units, three thermal power plants, two biodiesel plants and five onshore oil fields were also hit.
https://www.reuters.com/business/world-at-work/petrobras-strike-affects-platforms-refineries-second-day-union-says-2025-12-16/
US military kills 8 in latest attacks on vessels in eastern Pacific
Eight people were killed in total, SOUTHCOM said in a statement. “Three in the first vessel, two in the second and three in the third,” it said, while claiming without providing any evidence that those killed were linked to drug trafficking.
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/12/16/us-military-kills-eight-in-latest-attacks-on-vessels-in-eastern-pacific
https://archive.ph/TXpU4
Trinidad and Tobago will open Caribbean nation’s airports to US military as Venezuela tensions grow
The announcement comes after the U.S. military recently installed a radar system at the airport in Tobago. The Caribbean country’s government has said the radar is being used to fight local crime, and that the small nation wouldn’t be used as a launchpad to attack any other country.
https://apnews.com/article/trinidad-airports-us-military-venezuela-strikes-542264e549f41fd00763cee9a30e3683
R: 2 / I: 1
>minorities
>etcetera, etcetera, etcetera
>and stuff
>joos
>etcetera (correlation = causation and stuff)
shit chud says
ITT we talk about shit humphrey says (picrel)>minorities
>etcetera, etcetera, etcetera
>and stuff
>joos
>etcetera (correlation = causation and stuff)
R: 18 / I: 3 >>6969420
Sex and Relationships General #56
Previous thread
R: 32 / I: 8
https://redherald.org/2025/09/13/revolutionary-students-front-context-nepal-imperialist-plot-vs-revolutionary-potential/
The "leftists" who call everything CIA are not really communists because they do not see revolutionary potential in the people, but only dumb sheep who would be lead astray by any CIA agent. They do not understand there is great contradiction in any movement and in any body of people, and do not have it in them to work with these masses. These "leftists" are only communists in aesthetics, while in actuality they support maintaining colonies for their favourite imperial power. They are truly the worst of the worst. They are not identifying that the CIA is working in any uprising, but instead they are just angry that the opposing imperial block might be trying to steal away a colony from them, without seeing the genuine potential of the people stuck in the middle. These anti-communists need to be thrown away into the latrine.
To the opportunist who challenges me on the issue of mass uprisings in Nepal
How about you read this translated article from the actual Nepali youth, who were situated at the centre of the movement? They sobrely analysed the situation they found themselves in and came to a nuanced and intelligent conclusion. Of course, they should have read this months ago, and they should have followed the social media of the Maoists engaged in the struggle who showed the revolutionary potential of the conflicted youth who needed people working within them in order to realise said revolutionary potential and avoid falling to the CIA reactionaries, but these people do not follow any real people and only these CIA/Mi6/FSB/MSS plants like HinKKKle, Greyzone etc., but they didn't so now they must be educated today.https://redherald.org/2025/09/13/revolutionary-students-front-context-nepal-imperialist-plot-vs-revolutionary-potential/
The "leftists" who call everything CIA are not really communists because they do not see revolutionary potential in the people, but only dumb sheep who would be lead astray by any CIA agent. They do not understand there is great contradiction in any movement and in any body of people, and do not have it in them to work with these masses. These "leftists" are only communists in aesthetics, while in actuality they support maintaining colonies for their favourite imperial power. They are truly the worst of the worst. They are not identifying that the CIA is working in any uprising, but instead they are just angry that the opposing imperial block might be trying to steal away a colony from them, without seeing the genuine potential of the people stuck in the middle. These anti-communists need to be thrown away into the latrine.
R: 4 / I: 1
I think it's funny that it’s impossible to find memes cringe in retrospect nowadays. People think about reddit memes they used to laugh at and go 'this is awful, I was so unfunny', but with the post-ironic memes over the last few years it's just 'I never found this funny, and that's funny'.
Some might call it the master morality of humour.
I think it's funny that it’s impossible to find memes cringe in retrospect nowadays. People think about reddit memes they used to laugh at and go 'this is awful, I was so unfunny', but with the post-ironic memes over the last few years it's just 'I never found this funny, and that's funny'.
Some might call it the master morality of humour.
R: 7 / I: 1
Do you love Yugoslavia
Do you love Yugoslavia
R: 53 / I: 11
literally every time someone even says something pro-com, there's always a fucking stirnite in the corner of the room chuckling to themselves, waiting for their mom to call them home for chicken nuggies and appy juice
Fucking stirnites
got mad having to constantly hear from stirnites so i made this to cope. how the fuck does an ideology like this even continue to exist?literally every time someone even says something pro-com, there's always a fucking stirnite in the corner of the room chuckling to themselves, waiting for their mom to call them home for chicken nuggies and appy juice
R: 30 / I: 4
What is adventurism and what isn't?
I feel like MLs like throwing this word around a lot but never give clear defintions.
Why do statists think it's okay for the state to commit mass violence daily, but when a indiviual commits violence against that apparatus somehow they are "adventurist" or in the wrong, like do you seriously expect the ruling class to just give up?
Even if the attacks further oppresion temporarily wouldn't that still make the social conditions for revolutions to increase? Even if it takes decades as it did in Russia.
What is adventurism and what isn't?
I feel like MLs like throwing this word around a lot but never give clear defintions.
Why do statists think it's okay for the state to commit mass violence daily, but when a indiviual commits violence against that apparatus somehow they are "adventurist" or in the wrong, like do you seriously expect the ruling class to just give up?
Even if the attacks further oppresion temporarily wouldn't that still make the social conditions for revolutions to increase? Even if it takes decades as it did in Russia.
R: 472 / I: 384
Also post Teto
Post Here Every Time You Visit This Board
Post something when ever you visit this board.Also post Teto
R: 1 / I: 0
Unfortunately when I realized I was trans I had no self worth and fell in with theyfabs who didn't want me to transition for my dick and I repped so hard i forgot, enbycoped and fell for the idpol demedicalized wave that was popular.
Now I'm a twinkhon at best and I never got to meet him properly.
I loved him so much and he could have taught me so much.
Being surrounded by family that only knew me as a child or an extremely mentally ill they/them as someone now in their late twenties halfway through transition is one of the strangest forms of grief. I was grieving him and the life we never got to have together due to repping.
Take your fucking meds.
Trans Grief
I miss my uncle, he passed away last week.Unfortunately when I realized I was trans I had no self worth and fell in with theyfabs who didn't want me to transition for my dick and I repped so hard i forgot, enbycoped and fell for the idpol demedicalized wave that was popular.
Now I'm a twinkhon at best and I never got to meet him properly.
I loved him so much and he could have taught me so much.
Being surrounded by family that only knew me as a child or an extremely mentally ill they/them as someone now in their late twenties halfway through transition is one of the strangest forms of grief. I was grieving him and the life we never got to have together due to repping.
Take your fucking meds.
R: 132 / I: 55
What are you playing general
Post in this thread every time you play a new game and rate it, I'll start, currently playing Dread Dawn, pretty jank and honestly not that good but I'm desperate for more zombie games to wait until PZ 42 comes out. 6/10.
R: 0 / I: 0
I’m kidding obviously, no matter how bad this is it is nothing compared to the environmental destruction capitalism has caused
Comrades, the communist revolution will eliminate all salt water lakes!
Thanks KKKhrushchev.I’m kidding obviously, no matter how bad this is it is nothing compared to the environmental destruction capitalism has caused
R: 43 / I: 6
What is everyone's honest thoughts on the normalfag discourse that has been around on the internet, and in particular imageboards, for the past two decades? Why is there such an obsession with said normalfags? Is there any legitimate points to be extracted from it or is just self-indulgent whining?
What is everyone's honest thoughts on the normalfag discourse that has been around on the internet, and in particular imageboards, for the past two decades? Why is there such an obsession with said normalfags? Is there any legitimate points to be extracted from it or is just self-indulgent whining?
R: 1 / I: 1
On Relationships and Risks
If you’re debating whether to "wrap it," think carefully. Even if she claims to be on the pill, mistakes happen—and 18 years of child support is no joke. That money won’t just go to the kid; it’ll fund her nails, hair, vacations, and car payments while you’re left with no say.
On College
>Get In, Get Out: Pick a practical, high-paying major early and stick with it. No indecision research careers, choose one you can tolerate (or like), and graduate in 3–4 years max. Dragging it out wastes time and money.
>Speed Matters: Graduating at 21–23 with a master’s puts you years ahead in salary, seniority, and benefits (401k, health insurance, etc.). The longer you take, the more debt you’ll rack up and the higher the chances of bad decisions (like accidental pregnancies or failing classes).
>Live at Home: Stay with your parents during college if possible. Avoid working; focus on studying, lifting, and having fun. You’ll graduate with far less debt.
If You Skip College
No degree? Get a job and work hard. Plenty of non-grads (e.g., construction workers) outearn art history majors working at Starbucks. But stats show grads usually earn more over time—so if you go, do it smartly.
>Final Thought: Time is your most valuable asset. Waste it, and you’ll pay the price—whether in debt, missed opportunities, or bad relationships. Move fast, think ahead, and protect yourself.
Post Life Advice
Never lend money to friends, family, or significant others. If someone asks, just say you’re broke blame a credit card bill or another excuse.On Relationships and Risks
If you’re debating whether to "wrap it," think carefully. Even if she claims to be on the pill, mistakes happen—and 18 years of child support is no joke. That money won’t just go to the kid; it’ll fund her nails, hair, vacations, and car payments while you’re left with no say.
On College
>Get In, Get Out: Pick a practical, high-paying major early and stick with it. No indecision research careers, choose one you can tolerate (or like), and graduate in 3–4 years max. Dragging it out wastes time and money.
>Speed Matters: Graduating at 21–23 with a master’s puts you years ahead in salary, seniority, and benefits (401k, health insurance, etc.). The longer you take, the more debt you’ll rack up and the higher the chances of bad decisions (like accidental pregnancies or failing classes).
>Live at Home: Stay with your parents during college if possible. Avoid working; focus on studying, lifting, and having fun. You’ll graduate with far less debt.
If You Skip College
No degree? Get a job and work hard. Plenty of non-grads (e.g., construction workers) outearn art history majors working at Starbucks. But stats show grads usually earn more over time—so if you go, do it smartly.
>Final Thought: Time is your most valuable asset. Waste it, and you’ll pay the price—whether in debt, missed opportunities, or bad relationships. Move fast, think ahead, and protect yourself.
R: 13 / I: 3
If you’re obsessed with relationships and desperately want to find a girlfriend at any cost, you’d be better off creating a thread about OCD. Seriously.
Why are there so many bioproblem threads?
If you hate women or think you don’t need them, don’t create threads and don’t reduce everything to women.If you’re obsessed with relationships and desperately want to find a girlfriend at any cost, you’d be better off creating a thread about OCD. Seriously.
R: 3 / I: 0
Men who don't go to war should be forced to work in labor camps
and chained up when they're not working.No one left for women to cheat with. Problem solved
R: 2 / I: 0
How do you guys explain this if they are both capitalist places
How do you guys explain this if they are both capitalist places
R: 107 / I: 17
Industrial/Noise/EBM
Post em if you got em
R: 15 / I: 2
How do we solve this problem?
Enough is enough. Every 6 months or so one of these 764/nazi larper guys murders innocent people. No major news sources report on the obvious link here. They all dress the same, wear the same symbols, are equally retarded and are a threat to society. We need to prevent these guys but idk how. Does anyone know how we can get into contact with journalists or some shit to actually talk about this issue.
R: 2 / I: 0
PragerTrvke
PragerTrvkePragerTrvkePragerTrvkePragerTrvkePragerTrvkePragerTrvkePragerTrvkePragerTrvke
R: 500 / I: 71 (sticky)
Previous thread >>>/leftypol_archive/580500
Archive of previous thread
https://archive.is/saN3S
Excuse me coming through
A quick note on the video @ >>>/leftypol/1538283
Also [vid related] for archival purposes
Around the 29 minute mark Peterson criticizes Marx and Engel's for assuming that workers would magically become more productive once they took over.
This actually happened historically, most of the actually effective productivity tricks work places use now were developed by Stakhanovites.
https://soviethistory.msu.edu/1936-2/year-of-the-stakhanovite/year-of-the-stakhanovite-texts/stalin-at-the-conference-of-stakhanovites/
Reality has a Marxist bias
/edu/ checkpoint
Everytime you visit /edu/, post in this thread. Tell us about what you're thinking about, what you're reading, an interesting thing you have learned today, anything! Just be sure to pop in and say hi.Previous thread >>>/leftypol_archive/580500
Archive of previous thread
https://archive.is/saN3S
Excuse me coming through
A quick note on the video @ >>>/leftypol/1538283
Also [vid related] for archival purposes
Around the 29 minute mark Peterson criticizes Marx and Engel's for assuming that workers would magically become more productive once they took over.
This actually happened historically, most of the actually effective productivity tricks work places use now were developed by Stakhanovites.
https://soviethistory.msu.edu/1936-2/year-of-the-stakhanovite/year-of-the-stakhanovite-texts/stalin-at-the-conference-of-stakhanovites/
Reality has a Marxist bias
R: 249 / I: 510 (sticky)
PDF/EPUB post outage thread
drop them PDFs, we will rebuild edition
R: 9 / I: 0
Is having a relationship with a high functioning autistic person ethical? The power dynamics is basically heavily loaded in your favour since people will always trust the words of the neurotypical over the autistic person esp if the latter has a history of meltdown/outbursts
Is having a relationship with a high functioning autistic person ethical? The power dynamics is basically heavily loaded in your favour since people will always trust the words of the neurotypical over the autistic person esp if the latter has a history of meltdown/outbursts
R: 5 / I: 1
What will the world be like when white women go extinct?
also why do all white women have a dead smile now?
R: 118 / I: 24 (sticky)
IF YOUR IP IS BANNED ON META USE THE MATRIX WAITING ROOM
https://matrix.to/#/#leftypolantechamber:matrix.org
Logs:
https://leftypol.org/log.php?board=leftypol
Free onions:
http://kacdyre2mccory3jccpzu36ybzr6tpteuic6a7uhhya4dleek4xeuiid.onion/
Previous thread >>39778
Moderation Feedback
Come dispute bans, complain, get jannified, and other such things related to /leftypol/ here. Please try not to spam this thread or make multiple posts on the same issue, as this makes it harder for us to respond to issues.IF YOUR IP IS BANNED ON META USE THE MATRIX WAITING ROOM
https://matrix.to/#/#leftypolantechamber:matrix.org
Logs:
https://leftypol.org/log.php?board=leftypol
Free onions:
http://kacdyre2mccory3jccpzu36ybzr6tpteuic6a7uhhya4dleek4xeuiid.onion/
Previous thread >>39778
R: 15 / I: 3
I love women so much
I love women so much
R: 226 / I: 209
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠤⠤⠤⠄⣀⠄⠄⠄⠱⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠁⠂⢄⢘⡾⠤⠐⠒⠒⠄⠄⠄⠄⠐⠒⠠⢀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠄⠂⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠐⢄⠄⠐⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠄⠈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠙⠝⣶⣄⠄⠄⠈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠄⠈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠤⠶⠶⠦⣼⣿⠃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡠⠂⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠒⠒⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡠⠂⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡀⠠⠄⠒⠒⠒⠏⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠞⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡀⠄⠂⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠂⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⢀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣠⠃⢀⡴⠃⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⡠⠂⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣀⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠂⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⡼⢁⠔⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠠⠚⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠉⠻⢦⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠄⢀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⣾⡷⠃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠑⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠑⢄⣀⡐⠄⢶⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⣾⡿⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠢⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠄⠰⣝⢷⣀⡘⣃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣾⣿⠇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠄⠈⠪⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢂⠄⠹⣯⡿⣿⣿⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣼⣿⣿⠋⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠸⡃⠄⠠⠁⠄⠄⢸⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠄⠄⠄⣤⠋⠄⠉⠠⠜⣄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢡⣰⣽⣿⣌⢻⣧⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣼⣿⣿⣿⡟⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⠇⡰⠁⠄⠄⠄⡎⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢂⠄⠄⢻⡀⠄⠄⠄⠈⠪⡀⠄⠄⠄⣴⣣⠄⠄⠄⠄⣻⣿⣿⣿⣷⡻⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡀⠄⠄⠄⢀⡴⠁⡴⢁⣀⣤⡄⠄⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢠⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⢂⠄⠄⠱⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⢀⠄⠄⢰⣿⣧⠄⠄⠄⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡿⠄⠄⣠⠎⢀⣞⢠⢸⣿⣿⣇⣸⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢠⣆⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠳⡀⠄⠘⢆⠄⠄⠄⣤⣽⣯⠄⠸⠟⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⡟⢿⣿⣿⡷⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣻⠂⠄⠄⣿⣤⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢠⠿⠿⢳⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢠⡀⠄⠄⡄⠄⠙⢦⡀⢸⡇⠄⠄⠙⠞⠌⡀⠄⢸⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢡⠄⢻⣿⣿⣶⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣼⣟⢿⣻⠄⠑⠟⡀⠄⢀⡼⠃⠄⣿⣿⣿⠟⢻⣿⣿⣿⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠈⠄⠄⢃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⡇⠄⠄⣿⠄⠄⠄⠙⢾⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡇⠄⢸⡀⠄⢀⠄⠄⠄⠈⡀⠄⢿⣿⠇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡏⣿⢿⣿⠄⠄⠈⢣⣤⡾⠁⠄⠄⣿⣿⣿⠄⠸⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣾⣷⡀⢰⠇⢃⠄⠄⠄⠐⡉⠛⠶⣤⣤⡴⠃⠄⢸⡇⠄⢸⣦⡀⠄⠄⠁⠄⠸⡿⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣇⣿⣿⢿⠄⠄⣰⣄⠘⡌⣆⠄⢠⣿⣿⣿⡆⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠄⠐⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⡄⠄⠄⠄⢀⡀⣸⡟⣿⡇⣼⠄⠈⢶⣄⠄⠄⣷⠄⡆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡇⠄⢸⣿⣷⡄⠄⠐⠄⠄⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢡⣿⣿⢸⡇⠄⣹⣿⣧⠹⣹⡆⣼⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⡏⡎⢿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠄⠸⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠰⡄⠄⢀⣼⣿⣿⠃⣿⣷⡏⠄⠄⠈⢿⣆⠄⣿⣧⣷⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡇⠄⡼⠛⢿⣿⡄⠄⡄⠄⢱⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢠⡿⣿⠄⣿⡀⢸⣿⣿⣆⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⢃⠄⢻⣿⣿⣿⡄⠄⣹⣾⣄⢀⠄⠄⢠⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⡏⠄⣿⣿⣃⣀⣀⠠⠬⢿⣧⣿⡿⣿⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⢰⡇⠄⠃⠄⢸⣿⣿⡄⡇⠄⡌⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⣿⡟⠄⢸⣧⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⠾⠶⠤⢿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠉⠙⣿⣶⣦⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠗⠚⣿⡏⠉⢀⣀⣠⣄⣈⢿⣿⡗⢻⣿⡀⠄⠄⠄⢸⡇⡘⠄⠄⢸⣿⠉⣯⠄⢠⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢻⡇⠄⠄⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠸⣿⣦⠤⣤⣬⣆⡻⣿⣿⡄⠄⢹⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠤⣰⣿⡿⠿⠛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣷⠂⢿⣇⠄⠄⠄⣼⢡⠃⢀⢀⣾⣿⡆⡇⠠⠃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⡇⠄⠄⠈⢿⣿⣿⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠇⠄⢠⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠄⠏⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠈⡚⠉⠄⠄⢻⣿⣿⣿⡿⡟⠐⠻⠄⣸⣿⡀⠄⢀⣿⡾⡠⠂⣼⣿⣿⣿⡷⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⢿⣿⡀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⢎⠄⠄⠄⠻⣿⣿⣿⡻⠻⣿⣧⠈⡄⠙⢿⡈⠻⣿⣿⣷⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠛⠛⠉⠉⠈⠄⠄⣸⣿⣿⡇⠄⢸⣿⡿⠁⣼⣿⣿⣿⠟⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⢻⡇⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⡁⠄⠄⠈⠉⠉⠄⠄⠄⠈⠙⢷⣔⡀⠄⠱⡀⠈⢿⣿⣧⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠜⣋⡼⣿⣿⢀⣿⠋⢀⣾⣿⣿⡿⠋⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠙⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡤⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠲⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠙⢇⠑⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣀⣔⢵⣾⠟⢀⣿⣿⣼⣏⣴⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣯⣷⣢⣄⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠤⠚⠉⣰⠟⢁⣴⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢦⡈⠉⠉⠉⠄⠂⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠜⣡⡴⠟⠋⢁⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣤⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣍⡒⢤⣀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠠⣄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⣰⠕⢛⡉⠤⠐⠚⠛⠛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢨⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠦⠭⠴⠦⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠠⢰⣒⣭⠔⠉⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠙⠟⠢⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢻⡇⠐⣻⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠐⠶⠶⠶⠶⠄⠄⠄⠂⠈⢡⡞⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠳⠄⠐⢿⣿⡆⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠠⢴⠟⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠻⣷⠄⠄⠙⢛⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣷⡦⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡟⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠑⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠪⡻⣿⣆⠙⠿⡆⠈⠉⠊⠑⢄⡀⠄⠄⣀⣤⣾⠇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⢦⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⠻⡆⠄⠈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠉⣽⣿⣿⣿⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⢿⡀⠄⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠿⣷⣿⣿⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⡴⣞⣿⣭⣛⣶⣄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⡄⠈⠐⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠻⣷⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣣⡽⣆⠄⠠⠄⠄⠄⣿⣞⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⢄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢹⣇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⡿⠿⢛⣿⣯⣾⣿⣿⣿⠄⠄⡀⠄⠄⢹⣿⡜⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢂⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡀⣽⣿⡆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⢷⣠⡿⠙⠋⠙⠛⣿⠃⣤⣸⠃⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⡘⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠡⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣠⢎⣾⣿⣿⡽⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠙⠳⠶⠶⠶⢛⣡⣾⣿⣿⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣶⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣀⠔⠈⣾⣿⣿⣧⢸⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠸⠿⠛⠿⠿⠃⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⢳⣦⣄⣀⡀⠄⠠⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠠⠒⠉⠄⠄⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠉⠛⠛⠛⠯⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠠⠐⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠄⠸⣯⣆⠄⢠⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠄⠄⣠⣄⠘⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣠⣾⣿⡟⢁⠟⠄⠄⠄⠹⣿⡔⣿⣇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣯⢧⠄⠄⣿⡉⠄⠆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣠⣾⣟⡽⠋⠄⣷⠄⠄⠄⢀⠔⠙⢥⡿⠟⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⡾⣿⣾⡀⠄⣿⣇⠄⢠⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠄⣿⠄⠄⡄⠁⠄⠄⠄⠈⢱⣆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⡇⠄⢹⣿⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠰⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠸⣿⣆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠄⢸⣿⡇⠄⠃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠄⠄⢸⠄⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣿⣿⣦⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠈⣿⣇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢃⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⣾⢫⡽⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠄⣰⣰⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⢻⣿⣧⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⣿⣿⣿⠄⠄⣿⣿⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠉⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠁⠢⠈⡆⠄⢄⢀⠼⠿⣿⣷⡙⠻⣿⠃⠄⠄⠋⢀⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠙⢿⣷⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢹⣿⣿⡆⠄⢸⣿⠄⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠐⢤⣄⠤⠄⠄⠈⣿⣿⣷⡀⡌⠄⢠⠶⢐⡝⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠙⢷⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⣠⣴⠾⠻⢿⡆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⡇⠄⢸⣿⡇⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢰⣤⠄⢐⣒⠶⣔⢄⠄⠄⠈⠣⢄⠄⠄⣸⢿⣿⣿⠟⠄⢠⢡⠣⡲⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢣⠄⠄⢀⣴⡿⡟⠿⠄⠄⠘⣇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣷⠄⢸⣿⣷⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠋⡟⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠑⢕⠄⠄⠄⠄⠑⢾⢿⠈⠿⠃⠄⢀⣣⢣⡵⠃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⢇⠰⠿⠋⠡⠄⠄⠂⠄⠄⣿⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠸⣿⣿⣿⠄⢸⣿⣿⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡠⠆⠈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠳⣬⣀⣄⣀⡠⠛⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⠉⠄⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢠⣿⣿⣿⡆⢸⣿⣿⠇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⡠⠐⡀⢄⠄⠄⠄⠹⣿⣿⠋⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⡄⢂⠄⠄⠄⢀⡀⠄⢸⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⠟⢿⢸⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠰⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠠⠄⠐⠘⠓⠄⠈⠉⠉⠉⠰⠄⠄⠘⢹⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠸⡀⠢⡀⠄⠸⠋⠄⢸⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣇⠸⠄⠈⠘⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢃⠄⠰⠸⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢳⠄⠐⢄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠄⠄⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢄⣀⠄⠄⠄⢐⣠⠄⠄⠄⠘⠠⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⢧⠄⠄⢂⠄⠄⠄⢰⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣸⣿⣿⣿⡟⠃⢀⣀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠉⠚⠛⠿⠏⡐⠄⠄⠄⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⠄⠄⠄⢃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣆⠄⠄⢂⠄⠄⠸⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠘⢂⠘⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠸⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠁⠄⡄⠇⢀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡀⠄⠄⠄⠈⢄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢠⣿⣿⡄⠄⠄⢆⠄⠄⢇⠄⠄⠄⠄⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠾⠆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣀⡰⣶⣤⣄⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠻⠄⠈⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣿⣷⣄⠄⠄⠈⠂⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠄⠈⠄⠄⠸⡄⠄⠄⠄⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠄⢸⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠨⢷⣴⡾⡉⠻⣿⣿⡿⠂⣠⠃⡆⠄⠄⠘⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢹⣿⠃⣥⡀⠄⠄⠑⢄⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⡠⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠄⠄⠄⢀⣃⠄⠄⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠄⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡙⠻⠦⣁⡻⠋⣠⣾⠁⡰⠁⠄⠄⠄⠘⢆⠄⠄⠄⠄⢿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠄⠄⠄⠈⢲⣤⣄⣀⣀⡀⡀⣀⣀⣠⣤⠖⠉⠄⠄⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠠⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠹⣿⣿⣿⠞⠁⠄⠄⡀⡴⡇⠄⠑⢤⡀⠄⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠙⠛⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⢿⣿⣿⡿⠛⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⡟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠄⠄⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣀⣀⡀⢀⡿⠠⠂⠄⠄⠄⠄⣿⡁⠇⠄⠄⣸⣿⣶⡤⣷⡟⢿⣿⢿⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠛⠉⢦⣀⡸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠠
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣼⣿⣿⡿⣻⠁⠡⠁⠂⠄⠄⠄⢸⢁⠄⠄⢠⢿⣿⣿⠁⣿⠁⠄⠻⣿⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠄⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠄⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠐⠄⠄⠠⢁
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡠⠄⢰⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠛⠟⠉⠐⢃⡔⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⡈⠄⢠⡞⢸⣿⣿⠄⡏⠄⠄⠄⣭⠃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⣤⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⠶⠒⣀⠄⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⡆⢡⣿
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠠⣪⠟⠄⠄⢀⠂⠄⠄⠄⢀⠄⠄⣿⡇⠸⢟⠁⠄⠇⠄⠄⠄⢻⣿⠶⠄⠄⠄⡠⠈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣀⣠⡤⢾⠿⢿⣛⣛⣻⣋⠄⣠⣾⣿⡇⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠄⠹⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠄⠄⠆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠸⣿⣿
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⣆⠄⠄⠈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠂⠡⠚⠁⠄⠄⡠⠁⠄⠰⠄⠄⠈⠄⢸⣿⣥⣄⡂⠤⢀⠘⣄⠄⠄⣰⠃⠄⠄⢔⣈⡠⠤⠄⠒⣂⣉⣥⣤⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⡠⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠄⠄⢻⣿⣿⣇⠄⠄⠄⢸⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣿⣿
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠸⡘⢆⠠⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⡀⠄⠄⠄⢀⠃⠄⢠⠄⠄⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣿⠃⠠⠍⡠⣂⣭⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢋⠤⠊⠄⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠄⠄⠈⢿⣿⣿⣄⠄⠄⠈⠂⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠱⡀⢣⠐⠄⠄⠄⠒⠂⠄⠉⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢠⠾⢱⡀⠘⠄⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠠⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠝⠊⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠄⠄⠈⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠻
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠐⣸⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡠⠁⠄⠄⣷⣼⣇⣼⣿⣿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢰⡆⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠋⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠄⠄⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠣⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣀⣀⠤⠊⠄⠄⠄⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠘⡇⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡟⠋⠉⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠄⠄⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠩⠉⠉⠉⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠺⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⣷⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠄⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣼⣿⣿⣿⣏⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⠈⠻⠇⠄⣿⠄⠙⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡌⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠄⠄⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢂⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠙⣿⣿⠄⠄⠄⠄⢻⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠰⠄⠄⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠄⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢂⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣘⣿⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠇⠄⠄⠄⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢂⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠄⠄⢠⡿⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠄⠄⢐⠟⠑⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢠⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠨⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢠⢣⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠠⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣿⣿⠟⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢠⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠸⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠁⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡿⠃⠄⢠⡖⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠢⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠌⠄⠄⢰⠏⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
Post Her Every time You Visit This Board
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠤⠤⠤⠄⣀⠄⠄⠄⠱⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠁⠂⢄⢘⡾⠤⠐⠒⠒⠄⠄⠄⠄⠐⠒⠠⢀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠄⠂⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠐⢄⠄⠐⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠄⠈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠙⠝⣶⣄⠄⠄⠈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠄⠈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠤⠶⠶⠦⣼⣿⠃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡠⠂⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠒⠒⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡠⠂⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡀⠠⠄⠒⠒⠒⠏⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠞⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡀⠄⠂⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠂⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⢀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣠⠃⢀⡴⠃⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⡠⠂⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣀⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠂⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⡼⢁⠔⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠠⠚⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠉⠻⢦⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠄⢀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⣾⡷⠃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠑⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠑⢄⣀⡐⠄⢶⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⣾⡿⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠢⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠄⠰⣝⢷⣀⡘⣃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣾⣿⠇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠄⠈⠪⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢂⠄⠹⣯⡿⣿⣿⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣼⣿⣿⠋⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠸⡃⠄⠠⠁⠄⠄⢸⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠄⠄⠄⣤⠋⠄⠉⠠⠜⣄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢡⣰⣽⣿⣌⢻⣧⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣼⣿⣿⣿⡟⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⠇⡰⠁⠄⠄⠄⡎⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢂⠄⠄⢻⡀⠄⠄⠄⠈⠪⡀⠄⠄⠄⣴⣣⠄⠄⠄⠄⣻⣿⣿⣿⣷⡻⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡀⠄⠄⠄⢀⡴⠁⡴⢁⣀⣤⡄⠄⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢠⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⢂⠄⠄⠱⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⢀⠄⠄⢰⣿⣧⠄⠄⠄⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡿⠄⠄⣠⠎⢀⣞⢠⢸⣿⣿⣇⣸⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢠⣆⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠳⡀⠄⠘⢆⠄⠄⠄⣤⣽⣯⠄⠸⠟⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⡟⢿⣿⣿⡷⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣻⠂⠄⠄⣿⣤⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢠⠿⠿⢳⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢠⡀⠄⠄⡄⠄⠙⢦⡀⢸⡇⠄⠄⠙⠞⠌⡀⠄⢸⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢡⠄⢻⣿⣿⣶⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣼⣟⢿⣻⠄⠑⠟⡀⠄⢀⡼⠃⠄⣿⣿⣿⠟⢻⣿⣿⣿⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠈⠄⠄⢃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⡇⠄⠄⣿⠄⠄⠄⠙⢾⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡇⠄⢸⡀⠄⢀⠄⠄⠄⠈⡀⠄⢿⣿⠇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡏⣿⢿⣿⠄⠄⠈⢣⣤⡾⠁⠄⠄⣿⣿⣿⠄⠸⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣾⣷⡀⢰⠇⢃⠄⠄⠄⠐⡉⠛⠶⣤⣤⡴⠃⠄⢸⡇⠄⢸⣦⡀⠄⠄⠁⠄⠸⡿⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣇⣿⣿⢿⠄⠄⣰⣄⠘⡌⣆⠄⢠⣿⣿⣿⡆⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠄⠐⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⡄⠄⠄⠄⢀⡀⣸⡟⣿⡇⣼⠄⠈⢶⣄⠄⠄⣷⠄⡆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡇⠄⢸⣿⣷⡄⠄⠐⠄⠄⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢡⣿⣿⢸⡇⠄⣹⣿⣧⠹⣹⡆⣼⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⡏⡎⢿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠄⠸⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠰⡄⠄⢀⣼⣿⣿⠃⣿⣷⡏⠄⠄⠈⢿⣆⠄⣿⣧⣷⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡇⠄⡼⠛⢿⣿⡄⠄⡄⠄⢱⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢠⡿⣿⠄⣿⡀⢸⣿⣿⣆⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⢃⠄⢻⣿⣿⣿⡄⠄⣹⣾⣄⢀⠄⠄⢠⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⡏⠄⣿⣿⣃⣀⣀⠠⠬⢿⣧⣿⡿⣿⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⢰⡇⠄⠃⠄⢸⣿⣿⡄⡇⠄⡌⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⣿⡟⠄⢸⣧⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⠾⠶⠤⢿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠉⠙⣿⣶⣦⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠗⠚⣿⡏⠉⢀⣀⣠⣄⣈⢿⣿⡗⢻⣿⡀⠄⠄⠄⢸⡇⡘⠄⠄⢸⣿⠉⣯⠄⢠⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢻⡇⠄⠄⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠸⣿⣦⠤⣤⣬⣆⡻⣿⣿⡄⠄⢹⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠤⣰⣿⡿⠿⠛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣷⠂⢿⣇⠄⠄⠄⣼⢡⠃⢀⢀⣾⣿⡆⡇⠠⠃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⡇⠄⠄⠈⢿⣿⣿⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠇⠄⢠⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠄⠏⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠈⡚⠉⠄⠄⢻⣿⣿⣿⡿⡟⠐⠻⠄⣸⣿⡀⠄⢀⣿⡾⡠⠂⣼⣿⣿⣿⡷⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⢿⣿⡀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⢎⠄⠄⠄⠻⣿⣿⣿⡻⠻⣿⣧⠈⡄⠙⢿⡈⠻⣿⣿⣷⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠛⠛⠉⠉⠈⠄⠄⣸⣿⣿⡇⠄⢸⣿⡿⠁⣼⣿⣿⣿⠟⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⢻⡇⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⡁⠄⠄⠈⠉⠉⠄⠄⠄⠈⠙⢷⣔⡀⠄⠱⡀⠈⢿⣿⣧⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠜⣋⡼⣿⣿⢀⣿⠋⢀⣾⣿⣿⡿⠋⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠙⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡤⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠲⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠙⢇⠑⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣀⣔⢵⣾⠟⢀⣿⣿⣼⣏⣴⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣯⣷⣢⣄⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠤⠚⠉⣰⠟⢁⣴⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢦⡈⠉⠉⠉⠄⠂⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠜⣡⡴⠟⠋⢁⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣤⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣍⡒⢤⣀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠠⣄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⣰⠕⢛⡉⠤⠐⠚⠛⠛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢨⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠦⠭⠴⠦⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠠⢰⣒⣭⠔⠉⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠙⠟⠢⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢻⡇⠐⣻⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠐⠶⠶⠶⠶⠄⠄⠄⠂⠈⢡⡞⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠳⠄⠐⢿⣿⡆⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠠⢴⠟⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠻⣷⠄⠄⠙⢛⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣷⡦⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡟⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠑⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠪⡻⣿⣆⠙⠿⡆⠈⠉⠊⠑⢄⡀⠄⠄⣀⣤⣾⠇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⢦⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⠻⡆⠄⠈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠉⣽⣿⣿⣿⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⢿⡀⠄⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠿⣷⣿⣿⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⡴⣞⣿⣭⣛⣶⣄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⡄⠈⠐⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠻⣷⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣣⡽⣆⠄⠠⠄⠄⠄⣿⣞⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⢄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢹⣇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⡿⠿⢛⣿⣯⣾⣿⣿⣿⠄⠄⡀⠄⠄⢹⣿⡜⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢂⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡀⣽⣿⡆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⢷⣠⡿⠙⠋⠙⠛⣿⠃⣤⣸⠃⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⡘⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠡⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣠⢎⣾⣿⣿⡽⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠙⠳⠶⠶⠶⢛⣡⣾⣿⣿⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣶⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣀⠔⠈⣾⣿⣿⣧⢸⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠸⠿⠛⠿⠿⠃⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⢳⣦⣄⣀⡀⠄⠠⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠠⠒⠉⠄⠄⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠉⠛⠛⠛⠯⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠠⠐⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠄⠸⣯⣆⠄⢠⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠄⠄⣠⣄⠘⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣠⣾⣿⡟⢁⠟⠄⠄⠄⠹⣿⡔⣿⣇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣯⢧⠄⠄⣿⡉⠄⠆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣠⣾⣟⡽⠋⠄⣷⠄⠄⠄⢀⠔⠙⢥⡿⠟⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⡾⣿⣾⡀⠄⣿⣇⠄⢠⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠄⣿⠄⠄⡄⠁⠄⠄⠄⠈⢱⣆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⡇⠄⢹⣿⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠰⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠸⣿⣆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠄⢸⣿⡇⠄⠃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠄⠄⢸⠄⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣿⣿⣦⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠈⣿⣇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢃⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⣾⢫⡽⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠄⣰⣰⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⢻⣿⣧⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⣿⣿⣿⠄⠄⣿⣿⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠉⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠁⠢⠈⡆⠄⢄⢀⠼⠿⣿⣷⡙⠻⣿⠃⠄⠄⠋⢀⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠙⢿⣷⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢹⣿⣿⡆⠄⢸⣿⠄⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠐⢤⣄⠤⠄⠄⠈⣿⣿⣷⡀⡌⠄⢠⠶⢐⡝⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠙⢷⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⣠⣴⠾⠻⢿⡆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⡇⠄⢸⣿⡇⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢰⣤⠄⢐⣒⠶⣔⢄⠄⠄⠈⠣⢄⠄⠄⣸⢿⣿⣿⠟⠄⢠⢡⠣⡲⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢣⠄⠄⢀⣴⡿⡟⠿⠄⠄⠘⣇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣷⠄⢸⣿⣷⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠋⡟⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠑⢕⠄⠄⠄⠄⠑⢾⢿⠈⠿⠃⠄⢀⣣⢣⡵⠃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⢇⠰⠿⠋⠡⠄⠄⠂⠄⠄⣿⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠸⣿⣿⣿⠄⢸⣿⣿⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡠⠆⠈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠳⣬⣀⣄⣀⡠⠛⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⠉⠄⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢠⣿⣿⣿⡆⢸⣿⣿⠇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⡠⠐⡀⢄⠄⠄⠄⠹⣿⣿⠋⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⡄⢂⠄⠄⠄⢀⡀⠄⢸⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⠟⢿⢸⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠰⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠠⠄⠐⠘⠓⠄⠈⠉⠉⠉⠰⠄⠄⠘⢹⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠸⡀⠢⡀⠄⠸⠋⠄⢸⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣇⠸⠄⠈⠘⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢃⠄⠰⠸⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢳⠄⠐⢄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠄⠄⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢄⣀⠄⠄⠄⢐⣠⠄⠄⠄⠘⠠⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⢧⠄⠄⢂⠄⠄⠄⢰⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣸⣿⣿⣿⡟⠃⢀⣀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠉⠚⠛⠿⠏⡐⠄⠄⠄⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⠄⠄⠄⢃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣆⠄⠄⢂⠄⠄⠸⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠘⢂⠘⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠸⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠁⠄⡄⠇⢀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡀⠄⠄⠄⠈⢄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢠⣿⣿⡄⠄⠄⢆⠄⠄⢇⠄⠄⠄⠄⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠾⠆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣀⡰⣶⣤⣄⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠻⠄⠈⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣿⣷⣄⠄⠄⠈⠂⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠄⠈⠄⠄⠸⡄⠄⠄⠄⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠄⢸⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠨⢷⣴⡾⡉⠻⣿⣿⡿⠂⣠⠃⡆⠄⠄⠘⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢹⣿⠃⣥⡀⠄⠄⠑⢄⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⡠⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠄⠄⠄⢀⣃⠄⠄⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠄⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡙⠻⠦⣁⡻⠋⣠⣾⠁⡰⠁⠄⠄⠄⠘⢆⠄⠄⠄⠄⢿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠄⠄⠄⠈⢲⣤⣄⣀⣀⡀⡀⣀⣀⣠⣤⠖⠉⠄⠄⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠠⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠹⣿⣿⣿⠞⠁⠄⠄⡀⡴⡇⠄⠑⢤⡀⠄⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠙⠛⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⢿⣿⣿⡿⠛⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⡟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠄⠄⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣀⣀⡀⢀⡿⠠⠂⠄⠄⠄⠄⣿⡁⠇⠄⠄⣸⣿⣶⡤⣷⡟⢿⣿⢿⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠛⠉⢦⣀⡸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠠
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣼⣿⣿⡿⣻⠁⠡⠁⠂⠄⠄⠄⢸⢁⠄⠄⢠⢿⣿⣿⠁⣿⠁⠄⠻⣿⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠄⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠄⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠐⠄⠄⠠⢁
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡠⠄⢰⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠛⠟⠉⠐⢃⡔⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⡈⠄⢠⡞⢸⣿⣿⠄⡏⠄⠄⠄⣭⠃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⣤⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⠶⠒⣀⠄⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⡆⢡⣿
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠠⣪⠟⠄⠄⢀⠂⠄⠄⠄⢀⠄⠄⣿⡇⠸⢟⠁⠄⠇⠄⠄⠄⢻⣿⠶⠄⠄⠄⡠⠈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣀⣠⡤⢾⠿⢿⣛⣛⣻⣋⠄⣠⣾⣿⡇⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠄⠹⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠄⠄⠆⠄⠄⠄⠄⠸⣿⣿
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⣆⠄⠄⠈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠂⠡⠚⠁⠄⠄⡠⠁⠄⠰⠄⠄⠈⠄⢸⣿⣥⣄⡂⠤⢀⠘⣄⠄⠄⣰⠃⠄⠄⢔⣈⡠⠤⠄⠒⣂⣉⣥⣤⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⡠⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠄⠄⢻⣿⣿⣇⠄⠄⠄⢸⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣿⣿
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠸⡘⢆⠠⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⡀⠄⠄⠄⢀⠃⠄⢠⠄⠄⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣿⠃⠠⠍⡠⣂⣭⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢋⠤⠊⠄⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠄⠄⠈⢿⣿⣿⣄⠄⠄⠈⠂⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠱⡀⢣⠐⠄⠄⠄⠒⠂⠄⠉⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢠⠾⢱⡀⠘⠄⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠠⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠝⠊⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠄⠄⠈⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠻
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠐⣸⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡠⠁⠄⠄⣷⣼⣇⣼⣿⣿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢰⡆⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠋⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠄⠄⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠣⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣀⣀⠤⠊⠄⠄⠄⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠘⡇⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡟⠋⠉⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠄⠄⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⠄⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠩⠉⠉⠉⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠺⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⣷⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠄⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣼⣿⣿⣿⣏⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⠈⠻⠇⠄⣿⠄⠙⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠃⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡌⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠄⠄⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢂⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠙⣿⣿⠄⠄⠄⠄⢻⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠰⠄⠄⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠄⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢂⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣘⣿⠄⠄⠄⠄⢸⡇⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠇⠄⠄⠄⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢂⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠄⠄⢠⡿⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡈⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠄⠄⢐⠟⠑⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢠⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠨⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢠⢣⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠠⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⣿⣿⠟⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢠⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠸⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠁⡀⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡿⠃⠄⢠⡖⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⡄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠈⠢⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠌⠄⠄⢰⠏⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⢀⠁⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠄⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
R: 19 / I: 2
If you believe that porn rots the brain you should also believe that promiscous sex or even just having sex with too much is bad for you. When ppl said that porn is harmful they dont mean the porn itself but the dopamine caused by masturbation which also happens when you have sex without all the tiresome courtship
If you believe that porn rots the brain you should also believe that promiscous sex or even just having sex with too much is bad for you. When ppl said that porn is harmful they dont mean the porn itself but the dopamine caused by masturbation which also happens when you have sex without all the tiresome courtship
R: 3 / I: 1
“Sukunas rival”
“Threat rivaling sukuna”
Literally on par with how oda writes the majority of his villains. All that hype for like 90% of the threats to be taken out by one off side characters. I haven’t read modulo. I doubt yuji is ever going to approach the raw experience, and endurance sukuna has put out in his story—idk, maybe he approaches sukuna in power? Jjk is a pleasure comic I read when I’m not reading the actually complex stories like hunter x hunter, monster, one piece when it’s being smart, or elite seinen. I don’t believe for even a second that gege isn’t a hack.
Gege was trolling writing JJK
“Equal in potential to gogo”“Sukunas rival”
“Threat rivaling sukuna”
Literally on par with how oda writes the majority of his villains. All that hype for like 90% of the threats to be taken out by one off side characters. I haven’t read modulo. I doubt yuji is ever going to approach the raw experience, and endurance sukuna has put out in his story—idk, maybe he approaches sukuna in power? Jjk is a pleasure comic I read when I’m not reading the actually complex stories like hunter x hunter, monster, one piece when it’s being smart, or elite seinen. I don’t believe for even a second that gege isn’t a hack.
R: 52 / I: 2
Why is the OG Jason motherfucking Unruhe, a maoist and anti-imperialist, the only one who hasn't fallen into the depths of ""multipolarism"". It's the trick just to read? He still a socdem but I can respect him.
Why is the OG Jason motherfucking Unruhe, a maoist and anti-imperialist, the only one who hasn't fallen into the depths of ""multipolarism"". It's the trick just to read? He still a socdem but I can respect him.
R: 338 / I: 99
Why is leftypol not throwing massive support behind Mamdani?
No one believes he’s an actual socialist, however his victory will be the most important victory of the American left of the past 90 years. Why? Because it shows the Zionist Lobby has NO POWER compared to the power of the MASSES OF PEOPLE and we can defeat the satanic Zionist entity not with a violent revolution but simply with voting. Nobody believes Mamdani is a perfect candidate but that’s not the point.
So why aren’t we backing him en masse? His inevitable win will be the biggest blow to US-Zio imperialism in modern history.
Why is leftypol not throwing massive support behind Mamdani?
No one believes he’s an actual socialist, however his victory will be the most important victory of the American left of the past 90 years. Why? Because it shows the Zionist Lobby has NO POWER compared to the power of the MASSES OF PEOPLE and we can defeat the satanic Zionist entity not with a violent revolution but simply with voting. Nobody believes Mamdani is a perfect candidate but that’s not the point.
So why aren’t we backing him en masse? His inevitable win will be the biggest blow to US-Zio imperialism in modern history.
R: 354 / I: 56
Previous thread: >>27559
AI news shit general
The other thread hit bump limit and I'm addicted to talking about the birth of the ̶a̶l̶l̶-̶k̶n̶o̶w̶i̶n̶g̶ ̶c̶o̶m̶p̶u̶t̶e̶r̶ ̶g̶o̶d̶ the biggest financial bubble in history and the coming jobless eschaton, post your AI news herePrevious thread: >>27559
R: 219 / I: 66 >>2507158
Links:
Previous Thread Archives
Thread 1 https://archive.ph/ROnpO
Thread 2 https://archive.ph/f29Po
Thread 3 https://archive.ph/GZj20
Thread 4 https://archive.ph/ZHfse
Youtube Playlists
Anwar Shaikh - Historical Foundations of Political Economy
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLTMFx0t8kDzc72vtNWeTP05x6WYiDgEx7
Anwar Shaikh - Capitalism: Competition, Conflict and Crises
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLB1uqxcCESK6B1juh_wnKoxftZCcqA1go
Anwar Shaikh - Capitalism
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLz4k72ocf2TZMxrEVCgpp1b5K3hzFWuZh
Capital Volume 1 high quality audiobook from Andrew S. Rightenburg (Human-Read, not AI voice or TTS voice)
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUjbFtkcDBlSHVigHHx_wjaeWmDN2W-h8
Capital Volume 2 high quality audiobook from Andrew S. Rightenburg (Human-Read, not AI voice or TTS voice)
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUjbFtkcDBlSxnp8uR2kshvhG-5kzrjdQ
Capital Volume 3 high quality audiobook from Andrew S. Rightenburg (Human-Read, not AI voice or TTS voice)
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUjbFtkcDBlRoV5CVoc5yyYL4nMO9ZJzO
Theories of Surplus Value high quality audiobook from Andrew S. Rightenburg (Human-Read, not AI voice or TTS voice)
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUjbFtkcDBlQa-dFgNFtQvvMOgNtV7nXp
Paul Cockshott - Labor Theory of Value Playlist
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKVcO3co5aCBnDt7k5eU8msX4DhTNUila
Paul Cockshott - Economic Planning Playlist
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKVcO3co5aCDnkyY9YkQxpx6FxPJ23joH
Paul Cockshott - Materialism, Marxism, and Thermodynamics Playlist
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKVcO3co5aCBv0m0fAjoOy1U4mOs_Y8QM
Victor Magariño - Austrian Economics: A Critical Analysis
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLpHi51IjLqerA1aKeGe3DcRc7zCCFkAoq
Victor Magariño - Rethinking Classical Economics
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLpHi51IjLqepj9uE1hhCrA66tMvNlnItt
Victor Magariño - Mathematics for Classical Political Economy
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLpHi51IjLqepWUHXIgVhC_Txk2WJgaSst
Geopolitical Economy Hour with Radhika Desai and Michael Hudson (someone says "he's CIA doing reheated Proudhonism" lol)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X7ejfZdPboo&list=PLDAi0NdlN8hMl9DkPLikDDGccibhYHnDP
Potential Sources of Information
Leftypol Wiki Political Economy Category (needs expanding)
https://leftypedia.miraheze.org/wiki/Category:Political_economy
Sci-Hub
https://sci-hub.se/about
Marxists Internet Archive
https://www.marxists.org/
Library Genesis
https://libgen.is/
University of the Left
http://ouleft.sp-mesolite.tilted.net/Online
bannedthought.net
https://bannedthought.net/
Books scanned by Ismail from eregime.org that were uploaded to archive.org
https://archive.org/details/@ismail_badiou
The Great Soviet Encyclopedia: Articles from the GSE tend to be towards the bottom.
https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/
EcuRed: Cuba's online encyclopedia
https://www.ecured.cu/
Books on libcom.org
https://libcom.org/book
Dictionary of Revolutionary Marxism
https://massline.org/Dictionary/index.htm
/EDU/ ebook share thread
https://leftypol.org/edu/res/22659.html
Pre-Marxist Economics (Marx studied these thinkers before writing Capital and Theories of Surplus Value)
https://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/economics/index.htm
Principle writings of Karl Marx on political economy, 1844-1883
https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/subject/economy/index.htm
Speeches and Articles of Marx and Engels on Free Trade and Protectionism, 1847-1888
https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/subject/free-trade/index.htm
(The Critique Of) Political Economy After Marx's Death
https://www.marxists.org/subject/economy/postmarx.htm
/Political Economy/ General #5 - SmithAnon: Origins Edition
Previous thread:Links:
Previous Thread Archives
Thread 1 https://archive.ph/ROnpO
Thread 2 https://archive.ph/f29Po
Thread 3 https://archive.ph/GZj20
Thread 4 https://archive.ph/ZHfse
Youtube Playlists
Anwar Shaikh - Historical Foundations of Political Economy
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLTMFx0t8kDzc72vtNWeTP05x6WYiDgEx7
Anwar Shaikh - Capitalism: Competition, Conflict and Crises
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLB1uqxcCESK6B1juh_wnKoxftZCcqA1go
Anwar Shaikh - Capitalism
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLz4k72ocf2TZMxrEVCgpp1b5K3hzFWuZh
Capital Volume 1 high quality audiobook from Andrew S. Rightenburg (Human-Read, not AI voice or TTS voice)
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUjbFtkcDBlSHVigHHx_wjaeWmDN2W-h8
Capital Volume 2 high quality audiobook from Andrew S. Rightenburg (Human-Read, not AI voice or TTS voice)
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUjbFtkcDBlSxnp8uR2kshvhG-5kzrjdQ
Capital Volume 3 high quality audiobook from Andrew S. Rightenburg (Human-Read, not AI voice or TTS voice)
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUjbFtkcDBlRoV5CVoc5yyYL4nMO9ZJzO
Theories of Surplus Value high quality audiobook from Andrew S. Rightenburg (Human-Read, not AI voice or TTS voice)
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUjbFtkcDBlQa-dFgNFtQvvMOgNtV7nXp
Paul Cockshott - Labor Theory of Value Playlist
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKVcO3co5aCBnDt7k5eU8msX4DhTNUila
Paul Cockshott - Economic Planning Playlist
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKVcO3co5aCDnkyY9YkQxpx6FxPJ23joH
Paul Cockshott - Materialism, Marxism, and Thermodynamics Playlist
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKVcO3co5aCBv0m0fAjoOy1U4mOs_Y8QM
Victor Magariño - Austrian Economics: A Critical Analysis
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLpHi51IjLqerA1aKeGe3DcRc7zCCFkAoq
Victor Magariño - Rethinking Classical Economics
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLpHi51IjLqepj9uE1hhCrA66tMvNlnItt
Victor Magariño - Mathematics for Classical Political Economy
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLpHi51IjLqepWUHXIgVhC_Txk2WJgaSst
Geopolitical Economy Hour with Radhika Desai and Michael Hudson (someone says "he's CIA doing reheated Proudhonism" lol)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X7ejfZdPboo&list=PLDAi0NdlN8hMl9DkPLikDDGccibhYHnDP
Potential Sources of Information
Leftypol Wiki Political Economy Category (needs expanding)
https://leftypedia.miraheze.org/wiki/Category:Political_economy
Sci-Hub
https://sci-hub.se/about
Marxists Internet Archive
https://www.marxists.org/
Library Genesis
https://libgen.is/
University of the Left
http://ouleft.sp-mesolite.tilted.net/Online
bannedthought.net
https://bannedthought.net/
Books scanned by Ismail from eregime.org that were uploaded to archive.org
https://archive.org/details/@ismail_badiou
The Great Soviet Encyclopedia: Articles from the GSE tend to be towards the bottom.
https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/
EcuRed: Cuba's online encyclopedia
https://www.ecured.cu/
Books on libcom.org
https://libcom.org/book
Dictionary of Revolutionary Marxism
https://massline.org/Dictionary/index.htm
/EDU/ ebook share thread
https://leftypol.org/edu/res/22659.html
Pre-Marxist Economics (Marx studied these thinkers before writing Capital and Theories of Surplus Value)
https://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/economics/index.htm
Principle writings of Karl Marx on political economy, 1844-1883
https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/subject/economy/index.htm
Speeches and Articles of Marx and Engels on Free Trade and Protectionism, 1847-1888
https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/subject/free-trade/index.htm
(The Critique Of) Political Economy After Marx's Death
https://www.marxists.org/subject/economy/postmarx.htm
R: 80 / I: 72
We had 2 other threads but they died.
This is the 3rd.
Youtube Clickbait Thumbnails III
Youtube Clickbait Thumbnails IIIWe had 2 other threads but they died.
This is the 3rd.
R: 2 / I: 1
Hey berds, I just posited a particular without a universal. Shit was so cash.
What are going to do about it?
Hey berds, I just posited a particular without a universal. Shit was so cash.
What are going to do about it?
R: 20 / I: 3
https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1872/10/authority.htm
Engels’ On Authority is razor-sharp essay of pure scientific fact—1,386 words—that dismantles anarchist utopianism with upmost efficiency. It takes 5 minutes to read and leaves no room for debate: society itself, revolution, all basic social functions, etc., require some form of authority. This is not an opinion; it is observable fact.
https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/judgesabo-read-on-authority
Yet here we have some terminally online anarchist penning a 52,000-word monstrosity in response. That’s 37 times longer than Engels’ original piece. The anarchist spends 79 hours' worth of handwriting time (LMAO) crafting this screed. The sheer volume of this "refutation" is itself proof of its intellectual bankruptcy. The Ratio of Copium to Substance is vast, as with all anarchist refutation of socialist theory. Endless semantic quibbling, ("But what is authority, really?") endless circular logic, along with citing hundred other liberals culminates in a pathetic monument to ideological impotence—a 50,000-word confession that anarchism cannot refute Marxism on substance, so it must drown the debate in verbosity. Engels needed just 1,400 words to prove authority’s necessity because material reality speaks for itself—factories need managers, trains need schedules, and revolutions need discipline. The anarchist’s bloated treatise, by contrast, is what happens when unsounded petty-bourgeois individualism tries to deny the objective laws of social organization: an embarrassing tantrum disguised as scholarship, its very length an admission of defeat.
https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1872/10/authority.htm
Engels’ On Authority is razor-sharp essay of pure scientific fact—1,386 words—that dismantles anarchist utopianism with upmost efficiency. It takes 5 minutes to read and leaves no room for debate: society itself, revolution, all basic social functions, etc., require some form of authority. This is not an opinion; it is observable fact.
https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/judgesabo-read-on-authority
Yet here we have some terminally online anarchist penning a 52,000-word monstrosity in response. That’s 37 times longer than Engels’ original piece. The anarchist spends 79 hours' worth of handwriting time (LMAO) crafting this screed. The sheer volume of this "refutation" is itself proof of its intellectual bankruptcy. The Ratio of Copium to Substance is vast, as with all anarchist refutation of socialist theory. Endless semantic quibbling, ("But what is authority, really?") endless circular logic, along with citing hundred other liberals culminates in a pathetic monument to ideological impotence—a 50,000-word confession that anarchism cannot refute Marxism on substance, so it must drown the debate in verbosity. Engels needed just 1,400 words to prove authority’s necessity because material reality speaks for itself—factories need managers, trains need schedules, and revolutions need discipline. The anarchist’s bloated treatise, by contrast, is what happens when unsounded petty-bourgeois individualism tries to deny the objective laws of social organization: an embarrassing tantrum disguised as scholarship, its very length an admission of defeat.
R: 14 / I: 2
My parents are quite rich and successful in their respective fields. Both of them have PhDs. They gave me a top‑tier education in which I was constantly exposed to arthouse cinema, novels (both classics and postmodernist authors), niche sports, and classical music. They also took me to noise and experimental electronic concerts, and of course they demanded that I study constantly. I was doing all of this at the age of ten, mind you. Many of the things I was reading or watching were things I could barely comprehend.
Because my parents were communists, they wanted me to be educated in public schools and to live among children from different social classes and backgrounds, etc. I enjoyed this to a certain degree because I disliked the people from the posh liberal arts world. Nevertheless, I was an absolute outsider. I had no means of relating to other people’s realities, so I was unable to socialize or make friends, and my awkwardness was total. I had zero idea how life worked.
I lived so pampered, protected, and oriented toward an academic life that I ended up growing up without any real understanding of reality.
Fast‑forward to today: I am a 34‑year‑old virgin with a drinking problem, working in a factory for minimum wage and living with my parents.
I am extremely cultured, but I am also extremely stupid and unable to solve problems on my own. I am perpetually alienated from those around me.
How were your parents?
My parents are quite rich and successful in their respective fields. Both of them have PhDs. They gave me a top‑tier education in which I was constantly exposed to arthouse cinema, novels (both classics and postmodernist authors), niche sports, and classical music. They also took me to noise and experimental electronic concerts, and of course they demanded that I study constantly. I was doing all of this at the age of ten, mind you. Many of the things I was reading or watching were things I could barely comprehend.
Because my parents were communists, they wanted me to be educated in public schools and to live among children from different social classes and backgrounds, etc. I enjoyed this to a certain degree because I disliked the people from the posh liberal arts world. Nevertheless, I was an absolute outsider. I had no means of relating to other people’s realities, so I was unable to socialize or make friends, and my awkwardness was total. I had zero idea how life worked.
I lived so pampered, protected, and oriented toward an academic life that I ended up growing up without any real understanding of reality.
Fast‑forward to today: I am a 34‑year‑old virgin with a drinking problem, working in a factory for minimum wage and living with my parents.
I am extremely cultured, but I am also extremely stupid and unable to solve problems on my own. I am perpetually alienated from those around me.
R: 94 / I: 16
I hate Warhammer
I hate all of it. The fans, the retarded looking oversized armor. Most of all I hate that it’s heavily focused on the American military. You never get to play as the Russian orcs or anything. No you always play as the US marines. Because it’s meant to be pro us military propaganda. Just like Starship Troopers hides behind fake bullshit “anti war” veil that doesn’t mean anything because it’s still a pro us military movie. Do you get to play as the bugs in the Starship Troopers game? Nope. Yeah it’s all chinlet us military propaganda. Same with that gay Helldivers game.
R: 2 / I: 0
My country just voted that you can only fire the director of our National Broadcaster if one of our politician's pet black cat named "Coal" decides that
My country just voted that you can only fire the director of our National Broadcaster if one of our politician's pet black cat named "Coal" decides that
R: 15 / I: 2
Literally zero people have read Bukharin. Outside of a couple of rather pointless works that anyone could have cobbled together, most of his crap remains untranslated. I've read his pieces on SOIC, and it's the most pathetic shit ever. I say you can trace how consistent he is with most of his works on the subject of socialism in Russia alone, but he makes the case himself. He was a cowardly neurotic who couldn't sit through meetings and sided with Stalin to protect his little fiefdom.
Literally zero people have read Bukharin. Outside of a couple of rather pointless works that anyone could have cobbled together, most of his crap remains untranslated. I've read his pieces on SOIC, and it's the most pathetic shit ever. I say you can trace how consistent he is with most of his works on the subject of socialism in Russia alone, but he makes the case himself. He was a cowardly neurotic who couldn't sit through meetings and sided with Stalin to protect his little fiefdom.
R: 25 / I: 5
https://otherkin.wiki/wiki/Transspecies
art creds vv
https://www.reddit.com/r/dragons/comments/1i06mdt/dragon_drawing_i_recently_completed/
transpecism
hello i’m transpecies elf, dragon, and werewolf and overall an alterhuman in general. i also want to be a shapeshifter sometime in the future too or something like a squid. i wonder if transpecies would be considered just as valid and acceptable as transhumanism in the future or would it even be possible to be “fully” transpecies (changing from one animal to another physically and perhaps biologically as well in the sense it’s similar to transitioning)https://otherkin.wiki/wiki/Transspecies
art creds vv
https://www.reddit.com/r/dragons/comments/1i06mdt/dragon_drawing_i_recently_completed/
R: 22 / I: 1
Serious qeiston
Can someone explain why chuds think the West is "anti-white ZOG machine" but leftist think the West is the 4th Reich?
R: 0 / I: 0
whenever i am forced to see queer "discourse" on the internet i am reminded of freud saying that you shouldnt get too rosy a view of homosexuals because theyre just as worthless as heterosexuals
whenever i am forced to see queer "discourse" on the internet i am reminded of freud saying that you shouldnt get too rosy a view of homosexuals because theyre just as worthless as heterosexuals
R: 8 / I: 1
femoids are going to be devastated when AI girlfriends causes all the simps in their lives to disappear. AI bots, are going to be competition for parasocial e-personalities
AI girlfriends would mean that ALL thots (AKA w*men) get squeezed, not just e-thots. Parasocial relationships with w*men are not limited to the porn streamers lol.
The impact would be MASSIVE, and w*men know it, that's why they're so militantly against it and try to build a political agenda against it. And I'd take w*men's own opinions over some brainwashed clueless bluepiller who doesn't understand what's truly at stake here.
The future looks bright lads.
Sexbot General
Post anything regarding sex robots or dolls here.femoids are going to be devastated when AI girlfriends causes all the simps in their lives to disappear. AI bots, are going to be competition for parasocial e-personalities
AI girlfriends would mean that ALL thots (AKA w*men) get squeezed, not just e-thots. Parasocial relationships with w*men are not limited to the porn streamers lol.
The impact would be MASSIVE, and w*men know it, that's why they're so militantly against it and try to build a political agenda against it. And I'd take w*men's own opinions over some brainwashed clueless bluepiller who doesn't understand what's truly at stake here.
The future looks bright lads.
R: 3 / I: 0
I have been continuously paranoid since years about corporations and the government. I am an active militant and I like very much to keep my head low although sometimes I can't escape getting in the fray and involved with the media or the police. So my big threat vectors are the police, the government and to a lesser extent the media and the little fascist groups of my western European country.
Now I got windows out the way, I'm running arch and I wipe my laptop and desktop computers once or twice a year. I have Tails on a USB drive for critical operations, I have a riseup account but I never use it because I feel it could be a honeypot so I prefer Proton which is less political.
I used lineageOS build on my last phone but now I have a pixel with Graphene, Obviously I never post on leftypol without using a VPN or TOR.
Can I get better than that? I thought about using a 8 numbers pin on my phone on which I set up a reformat code if I'm forced to enter something but it fucking sucks to type so much each time I unlock it, I feel I'm not high profile enough to justify the hassle. And no I am never giving my digital print to any device.
I have been continuously paranoid since years about corporations and the government. I am an active militant and I like very much to keep my head low although sometimes I can't escape getting in the fray and involved with the media or the police. So my big threat vectors are the police, the government and to a lesser extent the media and the little fascist groups of my western European country.
Now I got windows out the way, I'm running arch and I wipe my laptop and desktop computers once or twice a year. I have Tails on a USB drive for critical operations, I have a riseup account but I never use it because I feel it could be a honeypot so I prefer Proton which is less political.
I used lineageOS build on my last phone but now I have a pixel with Graphene, Obviously I never post on leftypol without using a VPN or TOR.
Can I get better than that? I thought about using a 8 numbers pin on my phone on which I set up a reformat code if I'm forced to enter something but it fucking sucks to type so much each time I unlock it, I feel I'm not high profile enough to justify the hassle. And no I am never giving my digital print to any device.
R: 11 / I: 0
Is academia a waste of time?
I'm 31. I never went to college because I considered it a waste of time. The state of education in the USA is abhorrent and I never for a moment considered there would be something to gain by wasting time in ideological brainwashing factories masquerading as educational institutions. I'm employed in the trades and I've always studied philosophy in my spare time, but I'm seriously considering university now because I believe (perhaps mistakenly) that my abilities and knowledge have reached a point of enough breadth and depth to make a career as a philosopher, and to get some papers and books published. Has anyone here pursued that path, and if so, what were your experiences?
R: 618 / I: 138 (full)
<An Evolving Romance Edition
>May Lenin awaken the workers and help them to see the necessity of revolutionary civil war in the United States.
🛠️ Strike Tracker ⚒️
https://striketracker.ilr.cornell.edu/
🇺🇸 Deeds of the Burger Reich 🇺🇸
https://github.com/dessalines/essays/blob/main/us_atrocities.md
https://williamblum.org/essays/read/overthrowing-other-peoples-governments-the-master-list
📺 Glowie News 📺
(sponsored by the Burger Eagle Freedom Institute (formerly USAID))
• CNN: https://www.livenewsnow.com/american/cnn-news-usa.html
• MSNBC: https://www.livenewsnow.com/american/msnbc.html
• FOX: https://www.livenewsnow.com/american/fox-news-channel.html
• Bloomberg: https://www.bloomberg.com/live/us
🏚️ Local News 🏚️
https://www.50states.com/ce/
✊Live Protest Streams✊
https://woke.net/
🏝️ Epstein's Client List🏝️
https://epsteinsblackbook.com/
🇮🇱 Track Zionazis (warning: ShareBlue)🇮🇱
https://www.trackaipac.com/
📖Read, Burgga, Read! 📖
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLXUFLW8t2sntNn5jQO8vF7ai9x0fna3PV
Previous thread: >>2598033
Remember to filter mass tor baiters, feds, and trolls
Not reporting is bourgeois
Violators will be launched from trebuchet
/USApol/ 🇺🇸
🗽UNITED STATES POLITICS 🦅<An Evolving Romance Edition
>May Lenin awaken the workers and help them to see the necessity of revolutionary civil war in the United States.
🛠️ Strike Tracker ⚒️
https://striketracker.ilr.cornell.edu/
🇺🇸 Deeds of the Burger Reich 🇺🇸
https://github.com/dessalines/essays/blob/main/us_atrocities.md
https://williamblum.org/essays/read/overthrowing-other-peoples-governments-the-master-list
📺 Glowie News 📺
(sponsored by the Burger Eagle Freedom Institute (formerly USAID))
• CNN: https://www.livenewsnow.com/american/cnn-news-usa.html
• MSNBC: https://www.livenewsnow.com/american/msnbc.html
• FOX: https://www.livenewsnow.com/american/fox-news-channel.html
• Bloomberg: https://www.bloomberg.com/live/us
🏚️ Local News 🏚️
https://www.50states.com/ce/
✊Live Protest Streams✊
https://woke.net/
🏝️ Epstein's Client List🏝️
https://epsteinsblackbook.com/
🇮🇱 Track Zionazis (warning: ShareBlue)🇮🇱
https://www.trackaipac.com/
📖Read, Burgga, Read! 📖
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLXUFLW8t2sntNn5jQO8vF7ai9x0fna3PV
Previous thread: >>2598033
Remember to filter mass tor baiters, feds, and trolls
Not reporting is bourgeois
Violators will be launched from trebuchet
R: 50 / I: 7
I reached mid 20s with barely any experience, autism made sure of that. Kissed a drunk lesbian once, I don't even think I looked that cute for a guy in his 20s, so I was honored more than anything. Broke up a friendship with a trans girl after some hasty choices, but she was crazy anyways. Now focusing on friends, making and deepening them.
Wish I had a man I understood and was understood by, someone light-hearted and whimsical to have fun with on the short time I have here on Earth. Femboy-ish ig, not masculine, but takes care of himself, with a touch of femininity to him. Impartial on sex, willing to do it, might be fun even.
One thing I like is the idea of relations as temporary, serial monogamy if you will. I'm all for loyalty while in a relation, but that doesn't necessarily mean it must be forever and ever. People change, why shouldn't their relations? Admittedly I do see the romance in a lifelong relation, sticking with someone and changing together with them. Besides looking for a new partner every x amount of years sounds exhausting.
Romance & Love thread
Figured I made a thread to share our romantic experiences – or lack of thereof, – opinions, wishes and advice. That is part of the whole LGBT experience besides the sex and gender.I reached mid 20s with barely any experience, autism made sure of that. Kissed a drunk lesbian once, I don't even think I looked that cute for a guy in his 20s, so I was honored more than anything. Broke up a friendship with a trans girl after some hasty choices, but she was crazy anyways. Now focusing on friends, making and deepening them.
Wish I had a man I understood and was understood by, someone light-hearted and whimsical to have fun with on the short time I have here on Earth. Femboy-ish ig, not masculine, but takes care of himself, with a touch of femininity to him. Impartial on sex, willing to do it, might be fun even.
One thing I like is the idea of relations as temporary, serial monogamy if you will. I'm all for loyalty while in a relation, but that doesn't necessarily mean it must be forever and ever. People change, why shouldn't their relations? Admittedly I do see the romance in a lifelong relation, sticking with someone and changing together with them. Besides looking for a new partner every x amount of years sounds exhausting.
R: 495 / I: 95
I noticed there is no thread for France related shit. So let this be one. French people deserve a safe space and guarantees for their continued existence on loser imageboards!
J'ai remarqué qu'il n'y a pas de thread dedié pour la France, alors que les salauds américains et anglais en ont des centaines. Français, ne succombez pas à l'impérialisme anglochiotte!
Subjets of Macronpiter, leave a post.
/FrancoPol/ 🇫🇷
🇫🇷🇫🇷🇫🇷 Aux armes, citoyens ! 🇫🇷🇫🇷🇫🇷I noticed there is no thread for France related shit. So let this be one. French people deserve a safe space and guarantees for their continued existence on loser imageboards!
J'ai remarqué qu'il n'y a pas de thread dedié pour la France, alors que les salauds américains et anglais en ont des centaines. Français, ne succombez pas à l'impérialisme anglochiotte!
Subjets of Macronpiter, leave a post.
R: 256 / I: 43
>You must answer the question to make a new thread. See the last field.
>The body was too short or empty.
6-2=????
/leftybritpol/ - edition edition
>Couldn't organise a piss up in a brewery.>You must answer the question to make a new thread. See the last field.
>The body was too short or empty.
6-2=????
R: 292 / I: 17
>"I shouldn't be shamed for not living up to capitalist society's expectations of me, I should be allowed to be my authentic self without being criticized and I shouldn't have to change myself based on some arbitrary capitalist standard"
This seems to be the sentiment that dominates the minds of zoomers and most millennials that drives them towards the left whether we want to admit it or not. This is what makes a lot of younger people under 40 embrace anti-capitalist politics, question social norms that are the superstructure of modern capitalism, become anti-eugenics, embrace new identity groups, and so on. Look no further than Tumblr from the mid 2010s or TikTok today. My question is, why haven't any communist or socialist parties been able to gather these types of people up? The DSA's entire strategy is simply economistic "healthcare and unions" babble that they weaponize to push the Democrats further to the left. Yet we shouldn't forget that the millennial left (namely, the people who participated in the anti-war movement in the 2000s and Occupy in 2011-12) all folded into DSA by the end of the 2010s. So why can't the DSA bring in those frustrated zoomers from TikTok, the ones who make videos on queerness and unmasking autism and mental health and why nearly all romantic relationships are inherently predatory or whatever? Maybe if the people on that platform were in a political party they'd have actual pragmatic political goals.
>"I shouldn't be shamed for not living up to capitalist society's expectations of me, I should be allowed to be my authentic self without being criticized and I shouldn't have to change myself based on some arbitrary capitalist standard"
This seems to be the sentiment that dominates the minds of zoomers and most millennials that drives them towards the left whether we want to admit it or not. This is what makes a lot of younger people under 40 embrace anti-capitalist politics, question social norms that are the superstructure of modern capitalism, become anti-eugenics, embrace new identity groups, and so on. Look no further than Tumblr from the mid 2010s or TikTok today. My question is, why haven't any communist or socialist parties been able to gather these types of people up? The DSA's entire strategy is simply economistic "healthcare and unions" babble that they weaponize to push the Democrats further to the left. Yet we shouldn't forget that the millennial left (namely, the people who participated in the anti-war movement in the 2000s and Occupy in 2011-12) all folded into DSA by the end of the 2010s. So why can't the DSA bring in those frustrated zoomers from TikTok, the ones who make videos on queerness and unmasking autism and mental health and why nearly all romantic relationships are inherently predatory or whatever? Maybe if the people on that platform were in a political party they'd have actual pragmatic political goals.
R: 61 / I: 2
Youtube Nostalgia Thread
post videos from when youtube was too short or empty
R: 54 / I: 9
As I've spent the past few months trying to research history and further define my own political identity, I've fallen down a rabbit-hole from mainstream social media platforms to smaller imageboards (such as this one, which has particularly interested me!).
I was hoping to hear some of your own conclusions as to why it's so much more common to see people fall for right-wing pipelines and propaganda, and whether or not it makes them stupid or just gullible. I started to research niche right-wing online communities (which I will avoid mentioning by name) and have noticed their significant influence despite their small size, and their sheer output of content.
My theory is that right-wing politics provide short, simple answers to complicated issues. Because of that, it's easy to build a community that produces content which mocks people who provide answers that can't be explained in a single paragraph. Also the fact that this content is played off as simply a joke or absurdist humor rather than legitimate propaganda.
Again, sorry if this sounds dumb or has an obvious answer!
Why is it that right-wing pipelines/propaganda are so much more prevalent than left-wing propaganda?
Hello, new user here so please excuse my naivety or possible ignorance.As I've spent the past few months trying to research history and further define my own political identity, I've fallen down a rabbit-hole from mainstream social media platforms to smaller imageboards (such as this one, which has particularly interested me!).
I was hoping to hear some of your own conclusions as to why it's so much more common to see people fall for right-wing pipelines and propaganda, and whether or not it makes them stupid or just gullible. I started to research niche right-wing online communities (which I will avoid mentioning by name) and have noticed their significant influence despite their small size, and their sheer output of content.
My theory is that right-wing politics provide short, simple answers to complicated issues. Because of that, it's easy to build a community that produces content which mocks people who provide answers that can't be explained in a single paragraph. Also the fact that this content is played off as simply a joke or absurdist humor rather than legitimate propaganda.
Again, sorry if this sounds dumb or has an obvious answer!
R: 1 / I: 1
The last thread dedicated to posting any drawing you wanted is from 2023, and the images have been purged.
All other threads have their own themes, and it would be a disservice to "pollute" them.
So, post your drawings, there's no fixed theme, no context is necessary, post whatever you feel like, whether you're looking for criticism and tips on how to improve; or just to show off, you do you;
/U do U/
>>4038The last thread dedicated to posting any drawing you wanted is from 2023, and the images have been purged.
All other threads have their own themes, and it would be a disservice to "pollute" them.
So, post your drawings, there's no fixed theme, no context is necessary, post whatever you feel like, whether you're looking for criticism and tips on how to improve; or just to show off, you do you;
R: 266 / I: 61
To start of the part 5 of Astartes fan film and the promise for more.
https://youtu.be/eoCcpMW8fSs
Warhammer Thread
Since Star Wars got a thread why can’t this? Discuss anything you like of the universe. lore, art, diy modeling or even Marxist critique of the setting and gw parasitic relationship with it.To start of the part 5 of Astartes fan film and the promise for more.
https://youtu.be/eoCcpMW8fSs
R: 49 / I: 30
Rate my laptop, bros
Rate my laptop, bros
R: 531 / I: 82
Sex and Relationships General #55
Previous thread >>720210
R: 11 / I: 1
is it true most of the LGBTQ+ community are now filled with middle class individuals or not? i remember when i saw a reply mentioning that on /siberia/ and now im wondering if its true or not
dumb question
really really retarded question but it’s whateveris it true most of the LGBTQ+ community are now filled with middle class individuals or not? i remember when i saw a reply mentioning that on /siberia/ and now im wondering if its true or not
R: 508 / I: 242
Discuss anything related to comics and animations from comic recs, leftist animations to comic writers’ attempts to larp as leftists.
Seriously is there a worse anarchist in the UK than Alan Moore?
/leftyco/
Seeing how there’s multiple /co/ related threads on the board. I think we should just put all of them into one general just for clarity’s sake.Discuss anything related to comics and animations from comic recs, leftist animations to comic writers’ attempts to larp as leftists.
Seriously is there a worse anarchist in the UK than Alan Moore?
R: 16 / I: 2
Which country has the most handsome men?
So many handsome men , must see them again ! I never choose the men with sun glasses as I need to see their eyes .
R: 177 / I: 37
Discuss anything related to:
>Algeria
>Angola
>Benin
>Botswana
>Burkina Faso
>Burundi
>Cabo Verde
>Cameroon
>Central African Republic (CAR)
>Chad
>Comoros
>Congo, Democratic Republic of the
>Congo, Republic of the
>Cote d’Ivoire
>Djibouti
>Egypt
>Equatorial Guinea
>Eritrea
>Eswatini
>Ethiopia
>Gabon
>Gambia
>Ghana
>Guinea
>Guinea-Bissau
>Kenya
>Lesotho
>Liberia
>Libya
>Madagascar
>Malawi
>Mali
>Mauritania
>Mauritius
>Morocco
>Mozambique
>Namibia
>Niger
>Nigeria
>Rwanda
>Sao Tome and Principe
>Senegal
>Seychelles
>Sierra Leone
>Somalia
>South Africa
>South Sudan
>Sudan
>Tanzania
>Togo
>Tunisia
>Uganda
>Zambia
>Zimbabwe
/Africa/
A thread for the forgotten continent, so forgotten the thread got wiped.Discuss anything related to:
>Algeria
>Angola
>Benin
>Botswana
>Burkina Faso
>Burundi
>Cabo Verde
>Cameroon
>Central African Republic (CAR)
>Chad
>Comoros
>Congo, Democratic Republic of the
>Congo, Republic of the
>Cote d’Ivoire
>Djibouti
>Egypt
>Equatorial Guinea
>Eritrea
>Eswatini
>Ethiopia
>Gabon
>Gambia
>Ghana
>Guinea
>Guinea-Bissau
>Kenya
>Lesotho
>Liberia
>Libya
>Madagascar
>Malawi
>Mali
>Mauritania
>Mauritius
>Morocco
>Mozambique
>Namibia
>Niger
>Nigeria
>Rwanda
>Sao Tome and Principe
>Senegal
>Seychelles
>Sierra Leone
>Somalia
>South Africa
>South Sudan
>Sudan
>Tanzania
>Togo
>Tunisia
>Uganda
>Zambia
>Zimbabwe
R: 8 / I: 1
🇺🇸How did America even become the most powerful country in the first place? 🍔🐷
We all know that American hegemony is declining but how did it even get said hegemony in the first place? It has to be technology because there is no way that the average American hog could win a traditional formation battle.
R: 1 / I: 0
That image caught me so off guard, I wasn’t expecting to see him there lmao!
That image caught me so off guard, I wasn’t expecting to see him there lmao!
R: 64 / I: 10
just realized one hot black weeb cosplayer i saved pics of long ago killed herself because she got tired of her skin and being told she should stop cosplaying le aryan pale anime girls on X and insta you are le slave
i don't know why but i think im gonna be thinking about this news for a very long time, fuck my chud life.
just realized one hot black weeb cosplayer i saved pics of long ago killed herself because she got tired of her skin and being told she should stop cosplaying le aryan pale anime girls on X and insta you are le slave
i don't know why but i think im gonna be thinking about this news for a very long time, fuck my chud life.
R: 2 / I: 0
is this the new middle ages? we already got the plague and economic divide
who is your new corporate lord and liege siberia? *insert grace chan smugly staring at you here*
is this the new middle ages? we already got the plague and economic divide
who is your new corporate lord and liege siberia? *insert grace chan smugly staring at you here*
R: 14 / I: 4
99.9999% of suffering is directly caused by humans.
We could all live like the hobbits in Lord of the rings, but choose not too. War, murder, rape, inequality; caused by humans. Even most diseases are caused by malnutrition and man made pollutant exposure. Plus if you don't believe in God you don't have any justification for morality anyways. You are all a bunch of slimey cowards, the "demiurge" is a false characterisation of God. We are our own imprisoners.
R: 4 / I: 1
Sometimes when I feel depressed I think I'd support a dictator if there was none of this race-nonsense and Christ-cowardice. The open dictatorship of capital would be preferable to all so much spectacle of liberal democracy. I would support socially-liberal fascism. I respect strength, God is just kind of cowardly. Good industrial policy and fuck'em farmers and landlords is historically progressive.
Sometimes when I feel depressed I think I'd support a dictator if there was none of this race-nonsense and Christ-cowardice. The open dictatorship of capital would be preferable to all so much spectacle of liberal democracy. I would support socially-liberal fascism. I respect strength, God is just kind of cowardly. Good industrial policy and fuck'em farmers and landlords is historically progressive.
R: 22 / I: 2
India, by the laws of history, should have become communist-led by 2010, the latest. Socialism was (and still is) the class interest of 98% of their population. It's fucking insane, if you think about how cucked their comprador bourgeoisie situation is + the underdeveloped state of their infrastructure, their semi-feudal small manufacturing, their idiotic e-scam economy, the absolute destitution of their villages/peasants, and so on. Obviously, it was the USA that """"helped"""" India to get rid of the Naxalite """"threat"""".
But then you look at this fucking country's geopolitics/diplomacy/trade and it DOESN'T MAKE FUCKING SENSE, DUDE.
https://swentr.site/india/627932-new-great-game-in-south-asia/ (Please ignore the title and keep reading, it's a very good summary.)
Like, what the actual FUCK is India's foreign policy?!
They hate Pakistan, they try to bribe Sri Lanka, they suck both US and multipolar dick at the same time, and they have constant border disputes.
It's fuckin insane, to the point that future historians will be writing books about the ridiculous failures of India's foreign policy.
India's Geopolitics is a fucking mess
Let's put aside the elephant in the room (India's obsession with Israel), and even their anti-muslim pro-hindu-obsession. Just look at their diplomatic and trade situation with Russia, China, and the USA.India, by the laws of history, should have become communist-led by 2010, the latest. Socialism was (and still is) the class interest of 98% of their population. It's fucking insane, if you think about how cucked their comprador bourgeoisie situation is + the underdeveloped state of their infrastructure, their semi-feudal small manufacturing, their idiotic e-scam economy, the absolute destitution of their villages/peasants, and so on. Obviously, it was the USA that """"helped"""" India to get rid of the Naxalite """"threat"""".
But then you look at this fucking country's geopolitics/diplomacy/trade and it DOESN'T MAKE FUCKING SENSE, DUDE.
https://swentr.site/india/627932-new-great-game-in-south-asia/ (Please ignore the title and keep reading, it's a very good summary.)
Like, what the actual FUCK is India's foreign policy?!
They hate Pakistan, they try to bribe Sri Lanka, they suck both US and multipolar dick at the same time, and they have constant border disputes.
It's fuckin insane, to the point that future historians will be writing books about the ridiculous failures of India's foreign policy.
R: 638 / I: 228 (full)
"Ajuricaba foi um importante líder dos povos indígenas da Amazônia. Este cacique dos indígenas Manáos liderou as tribos do Rio Negro na guerra contra os colonialistas portugueses na terceira década do século XVIII"
"Preso, ele seria conduzido a Belém para julgamento. Mas, mesmo acorrentado, lançou-se nas águas do Amazonas, para resistir à prisão."
O covil dos webcomunas no Brasil
Último fio: >>12708
/brg/ - Brazil General
EDIÇÃO AJURICABA"Ajuricaba foi um importante líder dos povos indígenas da Amazônia. Este cacique dos indígenas Manáos liderou as tribos do Rio Negro na guerra contra os colonialistas portugueses na terceira década do século XVIII"
"Preso, ele seria conduzido a Belém para julgamento. Mas, mesmo acorrentado, lançou-se nas águas do Amazonas, para resistir à prisão."
O covil dos webcomunas no Brasil
Último fio: >>12708
R: 62 / I: 61 (sticky)
Welcome to the Reading General Sticky! This thread will be dedicated to the sharing, discussing, and general banter about various leftist thinkers, theories, and political outlooks.
Don't forget to check out >>>/edu/ for more reading and discussion!
———————
Common Right Wing Talking Points Debunks
——————–
Check out the /edu/ thread at
https://leftypol.org/edu/res/5576.html
Also see the relevant leftybooru tag
https://lefty.pictures/post/list/debunk/1
Add topics into the tag list to further narrow down your search!
———————
Reading Matrix Room - Thanks to the /read/ matrix room (https://matrix.to/#/#leftyread:matrix.org)
——————–
——————–
Classical Marxism
——————–
The foundational texts and concepts strictly written and conceived by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.
Tier 1
Communist Manifesto (1848) by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/index.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=knCYXFisM4k
Theses on Feuerbach (1845) by Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1845/theses/theses.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zA-Gn8q47cs
Wage Labour and Capital (1847) by Karl Marx
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/wage-labour/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6llbLvm3RAc
Principles of Communism (1847) by Friedrich Engels
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/11/prin-com.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HGcpspooZvk
Critique of the Gotha Programme (1875) by Karl Marx
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1875/gotha/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IIkR-0NeOzw
Socialism: Utopian and Scientific (1880) by Friedrich Engels
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1880/soc-utop/index.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F4_BiWhvVyA
Tier 2
The Holy Family (1844) by Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1845/holy-family/
On The Jewish Question (1844) by Karl Marx
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1844/jewish-question/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lu7jgrQ_oF8
Conditions of the Working Class in England (1845) by Friedrich Engels
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1845/condition-working-class/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UDaK6b6eZrg
The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte (1952) by Karl Marx
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1852/18th-brumaire/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=orxXeE8kn4U
Value, Price and Profit (1865) by Karl Marx
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1865/value-price-profit/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TjhVZW3HJzM
The Civil War in France (1871) by Karl Marx
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1871/civil-war-france/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eSWrTzJFrnQ
Tier 3
Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right (1843) by Karl Marx
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1843/critique-hpr/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b78lwj_TNVI
Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts (1844) by Karl Marx
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1844/manuscripts/preface.htm
The German Ideology (1846) by Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1845/german-ideology/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ERf6Qvqwr6g
The Poverty of Philosophy (1847) by Karl Marx
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/poverty-philosophy/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iNy2A2ZpSEU
Grundrisse (1858) by Karl Marx
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1857/grundrisse/
Anti-Dühring (1877) by Friedrich Engels
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1877/anti-duhring/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bATakOyA0zc
The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State (1884) by Friedrich Engels
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1884/origin-family/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8W2GaAs5VLo
DAS KAPITAL
Capital: A Critique of Political Economy (1867) by Karl Marx
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1867-c1/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NhXStf2E1tc
——————–
German Idealism
——————–
Philosophical movement that generally argues that the mind’s structures (reason, self-consciousness) play an active role in shaping reality and experience, centering on how freedom, subjectivity, and the unity of subject and object grounds knowledge and moral life. Hugely influential in revolutionary socialist currents.
Critique of Pure Reason (1781) by Immanuel Kant
📖 · https://www.gutenberg.org/files/4280/4280-h/4280-h.htm
Foundations of the Science of Knowledge (1794) by Johann Gottlieb Fichte
📖 · https://dn720207.ca.archive.org/0/items/thescienceofknow00fichuoft/thescienceofknow00fichuoft.pdf
The Phenomenology of Spirit (1801) by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/hegel/works/ph/phconten.htm
The Essence of Christianity (1841) by Ludwig Feuerbach
📖 · https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/47025/pg47025-images.html
The Jewish Question (1843) by Bruno Bauer
📖 · https://www.scribd.com/document/720704445/bruno-bauer-the-jewish-question
——————–
Utopian Socialism
——————–
Early socialist current that imagined ideal, cooperative communities and peaceful social reforms achieved by moral persuasion and voluntary association rather than class struggle or revolution.
The Social Contract (1762) by Jean-Jacques Rousseau
📖 · https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/46333/pg46333-images.html
The Wealth of Nations (1776) by Adam Smith
📖 · https://www.gutenberg.org/files/3300/3300-h/3300-h.htm
The Theory of the Four Movements (1808) by Charles Fourier
📖 · https://libcom.org/article/theory-four-movements-charles-fourier
A New View of Society and Other Writings (1813) by Robert Owen
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/economics/owen/society/index.htm
On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation (1817) by David Ricardo
📖 · https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/33310/pg33310-images.html
New Christianity (1825) by Henri de Saint-Simon
📖 · https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/New_Christianity.pdf
Holy History of Mankind (1837) by Moses Hess
📖 · https://ia801505.us.archive.org/23/items/119933_20230725/Moses%20Hess.%20The%20Holy%20History%20of%20Mankind%20and%20Other%20Writings.pdf
Principles of Political Economy (1848) by John Stuart Mill
📖 · https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/30107/pg30107-images.html
Instructions pour une prise d'armes (1866) by Louis Auguste Blanqui
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/francais/blanqui/1866/instructions.htm
——————–
Classical Anarchism
——————–
Rejects the state and hierarchical authority, serves as the basis for modern and contemporary Anarchism. Variants include Mutualism, Anarcho-Collectivism and Individualist anarchism.
Tier 1
What is Property? (1840) by Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/pierre-joseph-proudhon-what-is-property-an-inquiry-into-the-principle-of-right-and-of-governmen
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XeoynLwP3u4
Collectivism (1872) by Adhémar Schwitzguébel
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/adhemar-schwitzguebel-collectivism
Tier 2
The Philosophy of Poverty (1846) by Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/pierre-joseph-proudhon-system-of-economical-contradictions-or-the-philosophy-of-poverty
God and the State (1871) by Mikhail Bakunin
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/michail-bakunin-god-and-the-state
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oLArnrsxwWY
Ideas on Social Organisation (1876) by James Guillaume
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/james-guillaume-ideas-on-social-organization
Tier 3
Enquiry Concerning Political Justice and its Influence on Morals and Happiness (1793) by William Godwin
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/godwin-political-justice
The Ego and Its Own (1844) by Max Stirner
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stirner/ego-and-its-own.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oBOex4R61Oo
Statism and Anarchy (1873) by Mikhail Bakunin
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/mikhail-bakunin-statism-and-anarchy
——————–
Orthodox Marxism
——————–
Treats Marxism as a scientific, historical-materialist doctrine. Generally arguing that capitalism contains objective economic contradictions that makes proletarian revolution and socialism inevitable. Therefore, political organization, class struggle, and economic analysis are central.
Tier 1
The Present Position of the Socialist Movement in Germany (1896) by Wilhelm Liebknecht
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/liebknecht-w/1896/06/essex-lecture.html
Erfurt Program (1891) by Karl Kautsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/history/international/social-democracy/1891/erfurt-program.htm
What Means This Strike? (1898) by Daniel DeLeon
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/deleon/works/1898/980211.htm
The Burning Question of Trade Unionism (1904) by Daniel DeLeon
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/deleon/works/1904/040421.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VGe1aEA4UOw
The Main Enemy Is At Home! (1914) by Karl Liebknecht
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/liebknecht-k/works/1915/05/main-enemy-home.htm
Tier 2
Socialism and the Political Struggle (1883) by Georgi Plekhanov
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/plekhanov/1883/struggle/index.htm
The Class Struggle (Erfurt Program) (1892) by Karl Kautsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kautsky/1892/erfurt/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UMCOEZ8xjqM
On the Role of the Individual in History (1898) by Georgi Plekhanov
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/plekhanov/1898/xx/individual.html
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PQCUjwmSSk4
Reform or Revolution? (1900) by Rosa Luxemburg
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1900/reform-revolution/index.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MVZgtmGmyl4
Militarism and Anti-Militarism (1907) by Karl Liebknecht
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/liebknecht-k/works/1907/militarism-antimilitarism/index.htm
The Mass Strike, the Political Party and the Trade Unions (1906) by Rosa Luxemburg
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1906/mass-strike/
The Historic Accomplishment of Karl Marx (1908) by Karl Kautsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kautsky/1908/histacc/index.html
The National Question and Autonomy (1908) by Rosa Luxemburg
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1909/national-question/index.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-vkL6ZUnzcc
The Road to Power (1909) by Karl Kautsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kautsky/1909/power/
Tier 3
The Development of the Monist View of History (1895) by Georgi Plekhanov
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/plekhanov/1895/monist/index.htm
No Compromise – No Political Trading (1899) by Wilhelm Liebknecht
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/liebknecht-w/1899/nocomp/index.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZlYu23bMNhg
The Socialist Crisis in France (1901) by Rosa Luxemburg
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1901/socialist-crisis-france/index.htm
The Social Revolution (1902) by Karl Kautsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kautsky/1902/socrev/
Socialist Reconstruction of Society (1905) by Daniel DeLeon
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/deleon/works/1905/050710.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yzF6QXNIWV0
The Foundations of Christianity (1908) by Karl Kautsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kautsky/1908/christ/index.htm
The Accumulation of Capital (1913) by Rosa Luxemburg
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1913/accumulation-capital/
——————–
Anarcho-Communism
——————–
Advocates for abolishing the state, capitalism, and private ownership of the means of production in favor of decentralized, voluntary communes with common ownership and distribution "from each according to ability, to each according to need." Variants include Platformism, Syncreticism, and Magonism.
Tier 1
Catechism of a Revolutionary (1869) by Sergey Nechayev
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/subject/anarchism/nechayev/catechism.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g7kviqQa6ZU
To Manual Workers, Supporters of Political Action (1876) by François Dumartheray
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/francois-dumartheray-to-manual-workers-supporters-of-political-action
Anarchy and Communism (1880) by Carlo Cafiero
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/carlo-cafiero-anarchy-and-communism
Our Revolution (1881) by Carlo Cafiero
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/cafiero/1881/our-revolution.html
A Word to Tramps (1884) by Lucy Parsons
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/lucy-e-parsons-to-tramps
Words of a Rebel (1885) by Peter Kropotkin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/kropotkin-peter/1885/words-of-a-rebel/index.html
I Am an Anarchist (1886) by Lucy Parsons
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/lucy-e-parsons-i-am-an-anarchist
Anarchy (1891) by Errico Malatesta
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/errico-malatesta-anarchy
Manifesto of the Mexican Liberal Party (1911) by Ricardo Flores Magón
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/subject/anarchism/ricardo-flores-magon/1911/manifesto-of-the-mexican-liberal-party.html
The Anarchist Synthesis (1927) by Sébastien Faure
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/sebastien-faure-the-anarchist-synthesis
A Project of Anarchist Organisation (1927) by Errico Malatesta
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/errico-malatesta-a-project-of-anarchist-organisation
The ABC of Communist Anarchism (1929) by Alexander Berkman
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/berkman/1929/what-is-communist-anarchism/index.html
Tier 2
Fields, Factories and Workshops (1899) by Peter Kropotkin
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/petr-kropotkin-fields-factories-and-workshops-or-industry-combined-with-agriculture-and-brain-w
At the Café: Conversations on Anarchism (1922) by Errico Malatesta
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/malatesta/1922/at-the-cafe/index.html
On Synthesis (1924) by Volin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/subject/anarchism/voline/1924/on-synthesis.html
The Struggle Against the State and Other Essays (1926) by Nestor Makhno
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/makhno-nestor/works/1926/struggle-against-the-state/index.html
Tier 3
The Conquest of Bread (1892) by Peter Kropotkin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/kropotkin-peter/1892/bread.htm
Mutual Aid (1902) by Peter Kropotkin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/kropotkin-peter/1902/mutual-aid/index.htm
History of the Makhnovist Movement (1918–1921) (1923) by Peter Arshinov
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/peter-arshinov-history-of-the-makhnovist-movement-1918-1921
The Russian Revolution in the Ukraine (1926) by Nestor Makhno
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/nestor-makhno-the-russian-revolution-in-the-ukraine
Organizational Platform of the General Union of Anarchists (Draft) (1926) by Various Authors
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/dielo-truda-workers-cause-organisational-platform-of-the-libertarian-communists
——————–
Leninism
——————–
Based on the works of Vladimir Lenin, argues for a disciplined vanguard party using democratic centralism to seize state power and establish a temporary dictatorship of the proletariat to lead the transition from capitalism to socialism.
Tier 1
What Is To Be Done? (1902) by Vladimir Lenin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1901/witbd/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C-eCCtzsiXY
Revolutionary Adventurism (1902) by Vladimir Lenin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1902/sep/01.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ovPbNQ9JqjA
Socialism and Religion (1905) by Vladimir Lenin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1905/dec/03.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mKMlcPb1ttw
Three Source and Three Component Parts of Marxism (1913) by Vladimir Lenin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1913/mar/x01.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MOAII71GaFY
The ABC of Communism (1920) by Nikolai Buhkarin & Evgenii Preobrazhensky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/bukharin/works/1920/abc/index.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SVVnjwBQHH0
Tier 2
Two Tactics of Social Democracy in the Democratic Revolution (1905) by Vladimir Lenin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1905/tactics/index.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uQsWA4HCGuY
The Right of Nations to Self-Determination (1914) by Vladimir Lenin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1914/self-det/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0bbODqyoeM0
Imperialism and World Economy (1915) by Nikolai Bukharin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/bukharin/works/1917/imperial/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=13Uj5GE1h1U
The Proletarian Revolution and Renegade Kautsky (1918) by Vladimir Lenin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1918/prrk/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b_IWmgY8k2A
“Left-Wing” Communism: an Infantile Disorder (1920) by Vladimir Lenin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1920/lwc/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wh84f8czc7g
Tier 3
Materialism and Empirio-Criticism (1909) by Vladimir Lenin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1908/mec/
Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism (1917) by Vladimir Lenin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1916/imp-hsc/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFtUKPPYmqk
The State and Revolution (1917) by Vladimir Lenin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1917/staterev/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FrfLQsyUYig
Historical Materialism: A System of Sociology (1921) by Nikolai Bukharin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/bukharin/works/1921/histmat/index.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sr7o64hezwc
——————–
Syndicalism
——————–
Tendency that aims to replace capitalism and the state by organizing workers into trade-union syndicates using direct action, such as general strikes, in order to take control of production and self-manage the economy.
Tier 1
Anarchism and the Workers' Unions (1895) by Fernand Pelloutier
📖 · https://libcom.org/article/anarchism-and-workers-unions-fernand-pelloutier
Sabotage (1898) by Émile Pouget
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/pouget/1898/sabotage.htm
The General Strike (1911) by Bill Haywood
📖 · https://archive.iww.org/history/library/Haywood/GeneralStrike/
The Conscious Withdrawal of the Workers' Industrial Efficiency (1917) by Elizabeth Gurley Flynn
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/subject/women/authors/flynn/1917/sabotage.htm
Tier 2
Anarcho-Syndicalism: Theory and Practice (1938) by Rudolf Rocker
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/rudolf-rocker-anarchosyndicalism
One Big Union (2000) by the Industrial Workers of the World
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/industrial-workers-of-the-world-one-big-union
Tier 3
Industrial Socialism (1911) by Bill Haywood
📖 · https://archive.iww.org/history/library/Haywood/IndSocialism/
The Autobiography of Mother Jones (1925) by Mother Jones
📖 · https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/65079/pg65079-images.html
Anarchists in the Spanish Revolution (1990) by José Peirats
📖 · https://files.libcom.org/files/Peirats%20J.%20Anarchists%20in%20the%20Spanish%20Revolution.pdf
——————–
Marxism-Leninism
——————–
Institutionalized doctrine that fuses Marx’s theory with Lenin’s praxis as codified official party ideology, applying the idea of historical materialism to a practical program of revolutionary vanguardism and a state-led transition to socialism.
Tier 1
Dialectical and Historical Materialism (1938) by Joseph Stalin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1938/09.htm
The Path Which Led Me To Leninism (1960) by Ho Chi Minh
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/ho-chi-minh/works/1960/04/x01.htm
The Khruschevites (1976) by Enver Hoxha
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/hoxha/works/1976/khruschevites/index.htm
Tier 2
Marxism and the National Question (1913) by Joseph Stalin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1913/03a.htm
Workers Manage Factories in Yugoslavia (1950) by Josip Broz Tito
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/tito/1950/06/26.htm
Marxism and Problems of Linguistics (1950) by Joseph Stalin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1950/jun/20.htm
History Will Absolve Me (1953) by Fidel Castro
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/history/cuba/archive/castro/1953/10/16.htm
Guerilla Warfare (1961) by Che Guevara
📖 · https://www.cheguevara.org/Guerrilla-Warfare.pdf
Eurocommunism is Anti-Communism (1980) by Enver Hoxha
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/hoxha/works/euroco/env2-1.htm
Tier 3
Foundations of Leninism (1924) by Joseph Stalin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1924/foundations-leninism/
The People's Front (1938) by Earl Browder
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/browder/peoples-front/index.htm
Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR (1951) by Joseph Stalin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1951/economic-problems/index.htm
Imperialism and the Revolution (1979) by Enver Hoxha
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/hoxha/works/imp_rev/toc.htm
Revolution in Laos: Practice and Prospects (1981) by Kaysone Phomvihane
📖 · https://en.prolewiki.org/wiki/Library:Revolution_in_Laos
Women's Liberation and the African Freedom Struggle (1990) by Thomas Sankara
📖 · https://files.libcom.org/files/thomas-sankara-womens-liberation-and-the-african-freedom-struggle.pdf
——————–
Illegalism and Insurrectionary Anarchism
——————–
Both support propaganda of the deed as a method of revolutionary struggle, with Illegalism having roots in Individualist Anarchism while Insurrectionary Anarchism shares overlap with Anarcho-Communism.
Tier 1
A Letter from Mazas Prison (1886) by Clément Duval
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/clement-duval-a-letter-from-cleement-duval
Why I Was a Burglar (1905) by Marius Jacob
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/marius-jacob-why-i-was-a-burglar
Byzantinism and Limpness (1909) by Michel Antoine
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/michel-antoine-byzantinism-and-limpness
Is the Illegalist Anarchist Our Comrade? (1911) by Émile Armand
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/emile-armand-is-the-illegalist-anarchist-our-comrade
Two Lectures on the Bonnot Affair (1912) by Victor Serge
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/victor-serge-two-lectures-on-the-bonnot-affair
Tier 2
The Anarchism of Émile Armand (1907) by Émile Armand
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/emile-armand-the-anarchism-of-emile-armand
Toward the Creative Nothing (1924) by Renzo Novatore
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/renzo-novatore-toward-the-creative-nothing
The Principal of Organization to the Light of Anarchism (1927) by Luigi Galleani
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/luigi-galleani-the-principal-of-organization-to-the-light-of-anarchism
Armed Joy (1977) by Alfredo Bonnano
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/alfredo-m-bonanno-armed-joy
Tier 3
The Ego and Its Own (1844) by Max Stirner
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stirner/ego-and-its-own.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oBOex4R61Oo
Against War, Against Peace, For The Social Revolution (1914) by Luigi Galleani
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/luigi-galleani-against-war-against-peace-for-the-social-revolution
The End of Anarchism? (1925) by Luigi Galleani
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/luigi-galleani-the-end-of-anarchism
Anarchists Never Surrender (1938) by Victor Serge
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/victor-serge-anarchists-never-surrender
The Bonnot Gang (1987) by Richard Parry
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/richard-parry-the-bonnot-gang-the-story-of-the-french-illegalists
The Coming Insurrection (2007) by The Invisible Committee
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/comite-invisible-the-coming-insurrection
——————–
Trotskyism
——————–
Based on Leon Trotsky's work, stresses permanent revolution, proletarian internationalism, and an opposition to bureaucratic degeneration.
Tier 1
The Lessons of October (1924) by Leon Trotsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/1924/lessons/index.htm
The Transitional Program (1938) by Leon Trotsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/1938/tp/
Their Morals and Ours (1938) by Leon Trotsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/1938/morals/morals.htm
Fascism: What It Is and How to Fight It (1944) by Leon Trotsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/works/1944/1944-fas.htm
Tier 2
Terrorism and Communism (1920) by Leon Trotsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/1920/terrcomm/index.htm
The Permanent Revolution and Results and Prospects (1930) by Leon Trotsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/1931/tpr/index.htm
Tier 3
The Third International After Lenin (1928) by Leon Trotsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/1928/3rd/index.htm
History of the Russian Revolution (1930) by Leon Trotsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/1930/hrr/
The Revolution Betrayed (1936) by Leon Trotsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/1936/revbet/
——————–
Anarcho-Pacificism
——————–
https://blogs.law.columbia.edu/uprising1313/files/2017/10/Civil-Disobedience-by-Henry-David-Thoreau.pdf
——————–
Maoism
——————–
Developed by Mao Zedong, argues for peasant-led revolution, protracted people’s war, mass mobilization, and adapting Marxist strategy to agrarian societies.
Tier 1
Analysis of The Classes In Chinese Society (1926) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-1/mswv1_1.htm
Oppose Book Worship (1930) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-6/mswv6_11.htm
Be Concerned With the Well-Being of the Masses, Pay Attention to Methods of Work (1934) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-1/mswv1_10.htm
Combat Liberalism (1937) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-2/mswv2_03.htm
Serve The People (1944) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-3/mswv3_19.htm
Bombard The Headquarters (1966) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-9/mswv9_63.htm
Tier 2
On Contradiction (1937) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-1/mswv1_17.htm
On Practice' (1937) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-1/mswv1_16.htm
On Protracted War (1938) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-2/mswv2_09.htm
On New Democracy (1940) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-2/mswv2_26.htm
Tier 3
Report on an Investigation of the Peasant Movement In Hunan (1927) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-1/mswv1_2.htm
On Guerrilla Warfare (1937) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/works/1937/guerrilla-warfare/
The Chinese Revolution and the Chinese Communist Party (1939) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-2/mswv2_23.htm
On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People (1957) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-5/mswv5_58.htm
Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung (1964) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/works/red-book/index.htm
——————–
Marxism-Leninism-Maoism
——————–
Treats Maoism as a higher stage of Marxism–Leninism, emphasizing peasant-led, protracted people’s war, the mass line, and continuing revolution to prevent bureaucratic degeneration.
Tier 1
On Gonzalo Thought (1988) by the Communist Party of Peru
📖 · https://michaelharrison.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/On-Gonzalo-Thought-1st-Congress.pdf
Marxism-Leninism-Maoism or Revisionism? (1990) by Prachanda
📖 · https://www.bannedthought.net/Nepal/Problems-Prospects/p_mlmor_revisionism.html
Tier 2
General Political Line (1988) by the Communist Party of Peru
📖 · https://bannedthought.net/Peru/CPP/Documents/GeneralPoliticalLineOfTheCommunistPartyOfPeru-1988-OCR.pdf
The Great Leap Forward: An Inevitable Need of History (2001) by the Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)
📖 · https://www.bannedthought.net/Nepal/Worker/Worker-07/GreatLeapForward-Prachanda-010200.htm
Hold High the Bright Red Banner of Marxism-Leninism-Maoism (2004) by the Communist Party of India (Maoist)
📖 · https://www.bannedthought.net/India/CPI-Maoist-Docs/Founding/MLM-pamphlet.pdf
Tier 3
On the Bourgeois-Democratic State (1961) by Abimael Guzmán
📖 · https://bannedthought.net/Peru/Gonzalo/Guzman-OnTheBourgeois-DemocraticState-1961-Thesis-OCR-sm.pdf
Philippine Society and Revolution (1970) by Amado Guerrero
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/history/philippines/cpp/guerrero/1970/psr.htm
Problems & Prospects of Revolution in Nepal (2004) by Prachanda and the Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)
📖 · https://bannedthought.net/Nepal/Problems-Prospects/index.htm
——————–
Socialism with Chinese Characteristics
——————–
Adapts and institutionalizes Marxism–Leninism to Chinese conditions by marrying one-party rule and state control of strategic sectors with market-oriented reforms to drive modernization.
Tier 1
Emancipate the Mind, Seek Truth From Facts and Unite As One In Looking to the Future (1978) by Deng Xiaoping
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/deng-xiaoping/1978/110.htm
Uphold the Four Cardinal Principles (1979) by Deng Xiaoping
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/deng-xiaoping/1979/115.htm
We Can Develop A Market Economy Under Socialism (1979) by Deng Xiaoping
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/deng-xiaoping/1979/152.htm
To Build Socialism We Must First Develop the Productive Forces (1980) by Deng Xiaoping
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/deng-xiaoping/1980/101.htm
Tier 2
On the Reform of the System of Party and State Leadership (1980) by Deng Xiaoping
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/deng-xiaoping/1980/220.htm
Tier 3
Build Socialism With Chinese Characteristics (1984) by Deng Xiaoping
📖 · https://www.bannedthought.net/China/Individuals/DengXiaoping/DengXiaoping-BuildSocialismWithChineseCharacteristics.pdf
On the “Three Represents” (2000) by Jiang Zemin
📖 · https://archive.org/details/JiangZeminThreeRepresents
Report to the 17th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party (2007) by Hu Jintao
📖 · https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2007-10/24/content_6204564.htm
The Governance of China (2014) by Xi Jinping
📖 · https://www.bannedthought.net/China/Individuals/XiJinping/XiJinping-TheGovernanceOfChina.pdf
——————–
Maoism-Third Worldism
——————–
Blends Maoist strategy with Third-Worldist analysis, arguing the revolutionary proletariat is concentrated in oppressed (Global South) countries while much First-World labor is seen as privileged or comprador.
Tier 1
Long Live the Victory of People’s War! (1965) by Lin Bao
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/lin-biao/1965/09/peoples_war/index.htm
Message to the Tricontinental (1967) by Che Guevara
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/guevara/1967/04/16.htm
Tier 2
White-Settler Colonialism and the Myth of Investment Imperialism (1972) by Arghiri Emmanuel
📖 · https://pdfhost.io/v/QUJ7qnsaq_WhiteSettler_Colonialism_and_the_Myth_of_Investment_Imperialism
Unequal Development (1973) by Samir Amin
📖 · https://www.prisoncensorship.info/archive/books/Economics/UnequalDevelopment_SamirAmin.pdf
Foreign Trade and the Law of Value (1979) by Anwar Shaikh
📖 · https://sci-hub.ru/https://www.jstor.org/stable/40402184
📖 · https://sci-hub.ru/https://www.jstor.org/stable/40402218
Settlers: The Mythology of the White Proletariat (1983) by J. Sakai
📖 · https://readsettlers.org/text-index.html
Eurocentrism (1989) by Samir Amin
📖 · https://contrapoder.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/08.-AMIN.pdf
The Wealth of (Some) Nations (2019) by Zak Cope
📖 · https://leftypol.org/edu/src/1655353202103-0.pdf
Tier 3
Accumulation on a World Scale (1971) by Samir Amin
📖 · https://annas-archive.org/md5/89ae1cfad31b7ba8d06acbdba571f721
Unequal Exchange: A Study of the Imperialism of Trade (1972) by Arghiri Emmanuel
📖 · https://www.prisoncensorship.info/archive/books/Economics/UnequalExchange_ArghiriEmmanuel.pdf
Delinking: Towards a Polycentric World (1986) by Samir Amin
📖 · https://libgen.gl/edition.php?id=138497885
Divided World, Divided Class (2012) by Zak Cope
📖 · https://www.prisoncensorship.info/archive/books/Economics/DividedWorldDividedClass_ZakCope.pdf
——————–
Juche
——————–
The official state ideology of North Korea, stressing political independence, economic self-sufficiency, self-defense, and the central role of the leader in guiding the nation.
Tier 1
For the Establishment of a United Party of the Working Masses (1946) by Kim Il Sung
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kim-il-sung/1946/08/29.pdf
On the Occasion of the Founding of the Korean People’s Army (1948) by Kim Il Sung
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kim-il-sung/1948/02/08.pdf
On Eliminating Dogmatism and Formalism and Establishing Juche in Ideological Work (1955) by Kim Il Sung
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kim-il-sung/1955/12/28.htm
Ten Principles for the Establishment of a Monolithic Ideological System (1974) by Kim Il Sung
📖 · https://www2.law.columbia.edu/course_00S_L9436_001/North%20Korea%20materials/10%20principles%20of%20juche.html
The Juche Idea is an Idea that Has Inherited and Developed the Progressive Ideologies of Mankind (1986) by Kim Jong Il
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kim-jong-il/works/The-Juche-Idea-Is-An-Idea-That-Has-Inherited-And-Developed-The-Progressive-Ideologies-Of-Mankind.pdf
Ours is the Socialism of Juche (1994) by Kim Il Sung
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kim-il-sung/1994/04/16.pdf
The Democratic People's Republic of Korea is a Juche-Oriented Socialist State with Invincible Might (2008) by Kim Jong Il
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kim-jong-il/works/The-Democratic-Peoples-Republic-Of-Korea-Is-A-Juche-Oriented-Socialist-State-With-Invincible-Might.pdf
Let Us March Forward Dynamically Towards Final Victory, Holding Higher the Banner of Songun (2012) by Kim Jong Un
📖 · http://www.korean-books.com.kp/KBMbooks/en/work/leader3/1201.pdf
Tier 2
On the Juche Idea (1982) by Kim Jong Il
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kim-jong-il/works/On-The-Juche-Idea.pdf
Our Socialism Centred on the Masses Shall Not Perish (1991) by Kim Jong Il
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kim-jong-il/works/Our-Socialism-Centred-On-The-Masses-Shall-Not-Perish.pdf
Tier 3
On Juche in Our Revolution (1975) by Kim Il Sung
📖 · https://archive.org/details/KimJucheRevolutionVol1
——————–
Italian Left-Communism
——————–
Insisting on strict Marxist orthodoxy, rejecting parliamentarism, reformist trade unions and united fronts, while promoting a revolutionary, party-centered alternative to both social democracy and Marxism-Leninism.
Tier 1
Party and Class (1921) by Amadeo Bordiga
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/bordiga/works/1921/party-class.htm
Bourgeois Violence and Proletarian Defence (1946) by Onorato Damen
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/damen/1946/bourgeois-violence.htm
Proletarian Dictatorship and Class Party (1951) by Amadeo Bordiga
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/bordiga/works/1951/class-party.htm
Centralised Party, Yes – Centralism over the Party, No! (1951) by Onorato Damen
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/damen/1951/centralised.htm
Tier 2
Party and Class Action (1921) by Amadeo Bordiga
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/bordiga/works/1921/classact.htm
The Democratic Principle (1922) by Amadeo Bordiga
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/bordiga/works/1922/democratic-principle.htm
The Lyons Theses (1926) by Amadeo Bordiga
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/bordiga/works/1926/lyons-theses.htm
The Communist Left in the Third International (1926) by Amadeo Bordiga
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/bordiga/works/1926/comintern.htm
Dialogue with Stalin (1952) by Amadeo Bordiga
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/bordiga/works/1952/stalin.htm
We Defend the Italian Left (1966) by Onorato Damen
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/damen/1966/defend.htm
Tier 3
The Fundamentals for a Marxist Orientation (1946) by Amadeo Bordiga
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/bordiga/works/1946/orientation.htm
Bordiga — Beyond the Myth and the Rhetoric (1970) by Onorato Damen
📖 · https://www.leftcom.org/files/2018-10-02-damen-bordiga.pdf
——————–
Council Communism
——————–
Favors workers’ councils as the basis of proletarian power and organization as opposed to vanguard party centralism, arguing for direct, self-managed, council-based socialism.
Tier 1
World Revolution and Communist Tactics (1920) by Anton Pannekoek
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/pannekoe/1920/communist-tactics.htm
The Revolution Is Not A Party Affair (1920) by Otto Rühle
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/ruhle/1920/ruhle02.htm
The Lenin Legend (1935) by Paul Mattick
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/mattick-paul/1935/lenin-legend.htm
Why Past Revolutionary Movements Have Failed (1940) by Anton Pannekoek
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/pannekoe/1940/revo.htm
The Party and Class (1941) by Anton Pannekoek
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/pannekoe/1941/party-class.htm
The Failure of the Working Class (1946) by Anton Pannekoek
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/pannekoe/1946/failure-working-class.htm
Tier 2
Imperialism, the World War and Social Democracy (1914) by Herman Gorter
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/gorter/1914/imperialism.htm
The World Revolution (1918) by Herman Gorter
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/gorter/1918/world-revolution.htm
Report from Moscow (1920) by Otto Rühle
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/ruhle/1920/ruhle01.htm
Lenin As Philosopher (1938) by Anton Pannekoek
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/pannekoe/1938/lenin/index.htm
The Struggle Against Fascism Begins with the Struggle Against Bolshevism (1939) by Otto Rühle
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/ruhle/1939/ruhle01.htm
Spontaneity and Organisation (1949) by Paul Mattick
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/mattick-paul/1949/spontaneity.htm
Tier 3
An Open Letter to Comrade Lenin (1920) by Herman Gorter
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/gorter/1920/open-letter.htm
Workers' Councils (1942) by Anton Pannekoek
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/pannekoe/1947/workers-councils.htm
Marx and Keynes: The Limits of the Mixed Economy (1969) by Paul Mattick
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/mattick-paul/1969/marx-keynes/index.htm
Anti-Bolshevik Communism (1978) by Paul Mattick
📖 · https://files.libcom.org/files/paul-mattick-anti-bolshevik-communism-2007_0.pdf
——————–
Frankfurt School
——————–
——————–
Neo-Marxism
——————–
——————–
Post-Marxism
——————–
Reading General Sticky
Hello, /leftypol/!Welcome to the Reading General Sticky! This thread will be dedicated to the sharing, discussing, and general banter about various leftist thinkers, theories, and political outlooks.
Don't forget to check out >>>/edu/ for more reading and discussion!
———————
Common Right Wing Talking Points Debunks
——————–
Check out the /edu/ thread at
https://leftypol.org/edu/res/5576.html
Also see the relevant leftybooru tag
https://lefty.pictures/post/list/debunk/1
Add topics into the tag list to further narrow down your search!
———————
Reading Matrix Room - Thanks to the /read/ matrix room (https://matrix.to/#/#leftyread:matrix.org)
——————–
——————–
Classical Marxism
——————–
The foundational texts and concepts strictly written and conceived by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.
Tier 1
Communist Manifesto (1848) by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/index.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=knCYXFisM4k
Theses on Feuerbach (1845) by Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1845/theses/theses.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zA-Gn8q47cs
Wage Labour and Capital (1847) by Karl Marx
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/wage-labour/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6llbLvm3RAc
Principles of Communism (1847) by Friedrich Engels
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/11/prin-com.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HGcpspooZvk
Critique of the Gotha Programme (1875) by Karl Marx
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1875/gotha/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IIkR-0NeOzw
Socialism: Utopian and Scientific (1880) by Friedrich Engels
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1880/soc-utop/index.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F4_BiWhvVyA
Tier 2
The Holy Family (1844) by Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1845/holy-family/
On The Jewish Question (1844) by Karl Marx
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1844/jewish-question/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lu7jgrQ_oF8
Conditions of the Working Class in England (1845) by Friedrich Engels
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1845/condition-working-class/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UDaK6b6eZrg
The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte (1952) by Karl Marx
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1852/18th-brumaire/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=orxXeE8kn4U
Value, Price and Profit (1865) by Karl Marx
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1865/value-price-profit/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TjhVZW3HJzM
The Civil War in France (1871) by Karl Marx
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1871/civil-war-france/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eSWrTzJFrnQ
Tier 3
Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right (1843) by Karl Marx
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1843/critique-hpr/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b78lwj_TNVI
Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts (1844) by Karl Marx
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1844/manuscripts/preface.htm
The German Ideology (1846) by Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1845/german-ideology/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ERf6Qvqwr6g
The Poverty of Philosophy (1847) by Karl Marx
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/poverty-philosophy/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iNy2A2ZpSEU
Grundrisse (1858) by Karl Marx
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1857/grundrisse/
Anti-Dühring (1877) by Friedrich Engels
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1877/anti-duhring/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bATakOyA0zc
The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State (1884) by Friedrich Engels
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1884/origin-family/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8W2GaAs5VLo
DAS KAPITAL
Capital: A Critique of Political Economy (1867) by Karl Marx
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1867-c1/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NhXStf2E1tc
——————–
German Idealism
——————–
Philosophical movement that generally argues that the mind’s structures (reason, self-consciousness) play an active role in shaping reality and experience, centering on how freedom, subjectivity, and the unity of subject and object grounds knowledge and moral life. Hugely influential in revolutionary socialist currents.
Critique of Pure Reason (1781) by Immanuel Kant
📖 · https://www.gutenberg.org/files/4280/4280-h/4280-h.htm
Foundations of the Science of Knowledge (1794) by Johann Gottlieb Fichte
📖 · https://dn720207.ca.archive.org/0/items/thescienceofknow00fichuoft/thescienceofknow00fichuoft.pdf
The Phenomenology of Spirit (1801) by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/hegel/works/ph/phconten.htm
The Essence of Christianity (1841) by Ludwig Feuerbach
📖 · https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/47025/pg47025-images.html
The Jewish Question (1843) by Bruno Bauer
📖 · https://www.scribd.com/document/720704445/bruno-bauer-the-jewish-question
——————–
Utopian Socialism
——————–
Early socialist current that imagined ideal, cooperative communities and peaceful social reforms achieved by moral persuasion and voluntary association rather than class struggle or revolution.
The Social Contract (1762) by Jean-Jacques Rousseau
📖 · https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/46333/pg46333-images.html
The Wealth of Nations (1776) by Adam Smith
📖 · https://www.gutenberg.org/files/3300/3300-h/3300-h.htm
The Theory of the Four Movements (1808) by Charles Fourier
📖 · https://libcom.org/article/theory-four-movements-charles-fourier
A New View of Society and Other Writings (1813) by Robert Owen
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/economics/owen/society/index.htm
On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation (1817) by David Ricardo
📖 · https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/33310/pg33310-images.html
New Christianity (1825) by Henri de Saint-Simon
📖 · https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/New_Christianity.pdf
Holy History of Mankind (1837) by Moses Hess
📖 · https://ia801505.us.archive.org/23/items/119933_20230725/Moses%20Hess.%20The%20Holy%20History%20of%20Mankind%20and%20Other%20Writings.pdf
Principles of Political Economy (1848) by John Stuart Mill
📖 · https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/30107/pg30107-images.html
Instructions pour une prise d'armes (1866) by Louis Auguste Blanqui
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/francais/blanqui/1866/instructions.htm
——————–
Classical Anarchism
——————–
Rejects the state and hierarchical authority, serves as the basis for modern and contemporary Anarchism. Variants include Mutualism, Anarcho-Collectivism and Individualist anarchism.
Tier 1
What is Property? (1840) by Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/pierre-joseph-proudhon-what-is-property-an-inquiry-into-the-principle-of-right-and-of-governmen
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XeoynLwP3u4
Collectivism (1872) by Adhémar Schwitzguébel
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/adhemar-schwitzguebel-collectivism
Tier 2
The Philosophy of Poverty (1846) by Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/pierre-joseph-proudhon-system-of-economical-contradictions-or-the-philosophy-of-poverty
God and the State (1871) by Mikhail Bakunin
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/michail-bakunin-god-and-the-state
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oLArnrsxwWY
Ideas on Social Organisation (1876) by James Guillaume
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/james-guillaume-ideas-on-social-organization
Tier 3
Enquiry Concerning Political Justice and its Influence on Morals and Happiness (1793) by William Godwin
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/godwin-political-justice
The Ego and Its Own (1844) by Max Stirner
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stirner/ego-and-its-own.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oBOex4R61Oo
Statism and Anarchy (1873) by Mikhail Bakunin
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/mikhail-bakunin-statism-and-anarchy
——————–
Orthodox Marxism
——————–
Treats Marxism as a scientific, historical-materialist doctrine. Generally arguing that capitalism contains objective economic contradictions that makes proletarian revolution and socialism inevitable. Therefore, political organization, class struggle, and economic analysis are central.
Tier 1
The Present Position of the Socialist Movement in Germany (1896) by Wilhelm Liebknecht
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/liebknecht-w/1896/06/essex-lecture.html
Erfurt Program (1891) by Karl Kautsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/history/international/social-democracy/1891/erfurt-program.htm
What Means This Strike? (1898) by Daniel DeLeon
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/deleon/works/1898/980211.htm
The Burning Question of Trade Unionism (1904) by Daniel DeLeon
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/deleon/works/1904/040421.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VGe1aEA4UOw
The Main Enemy Is At Home! (1914) by Karl Liebknecht
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/liebknecht-k/works/1915/05/main-enemy-home.htm
Tier 2
Socialism and the Political Struggle (1883) by Georgi Plekhanov
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/plekhanov/1883/struggle/index.htm
The Class Struggle (Erfurt Program) (1892) by Karl Kautsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kautsky/1892/erfurt/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UMCOEZ8xjqM
On the Role of the Individual in History (1898) by Georgi Plekhanov
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/plekhanov/1898/xx/individual.html
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PQCUjwmSSk4
Reform or Revolution? (1900) by Rosa Luxemburg
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1900/reform-revolution/index.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MVZgtmGmyl4
Militarism and Anti-Militarism (1907) by Karl Liebknecht
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/liebknecht-k/works/1907/militarism-antimilitarism/index.htm
The Mass Strike, the Political Party and the Trade Unions (1906) by Rosa Luxemburg
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1906/mass-strike/
The Historic Accomplishment of Karl Marx (1908) by Karl Kautsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kautsky/1908/histacc/index.html
The National Question and Autonomy (1908) by Rosa Luxemburg
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1909/national-question/index.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-vkL6ZUnzcc
The Road to Power (1909) by Karl Kautsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kautsky/1909/power/
Tier 3
The Development of the Monist View of History (1895) by Georgi Plekhanov
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/plekhanov/1895/monist/index.htm
No Compromise – No Political Trading (1899) by Wilhelm Liebknecht
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/liebknecht-w/1899/nocomp/index.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZlYu23bMNhg
The Socialist Crisis in France (1901) by Rosa Luxemburg
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1901/socialist-crisis-france/index.htm
The Social Revolution (1902) by Karl Kautsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kautsky/1902/socrev/
Socialist Reconstruction of Society (1905) by Daniel DeLeon
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/deleon/works/1905/050710.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yzF6QXNIWV0
The Foundations of Christianity (1908) by Karl Kautsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kautsky/1908/christ/index.htm
The Accumulation of Capital (1913) by Rosa Luxemburg
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1913/accumulation-capital/
——————–
Anarcho-Communism
——————–
Advocates for abolishing the state, capitalism, and private ownership of the means of production in favor of decentralized, voluntary communes with common ownership and distribution "from each according to ability, to each according to need." Variants include Platformism, Syncreticism, and Magonism.
Tier 1
Catechism of a Revolutionary (1869) by Sergey Nechayev
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/subject/anarchism/nechayev/catechism.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g7kviqQa6ZU
To Manual Workers, Supporters of Political Action (1876) by François Dumartheray
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/francois-dumartheray-to-manual-workers-supporters-of-political-action
Anarchy and Communism (1880) by Carlo Cafiero
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/carlo-cafiero-anarchy-and-communism
Our Revolution (1881) by Carlo Cafiero
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/cafiero/1881/our-revolution.html
A Word to Tramps (1884) by Lucy Parsons
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/lucy-e-parsons-to-tramps
Words of a Rebel (1885) by Peter Kropotkin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/kropotkin-peter/1885/words-of-a-rebel/index.html
I Am an Anarchist (1886) by Lucy Parsons
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/lucy-e-parsons-i-am-an-anarchist
Anarchy (1891) by Errico Malatesta
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/errico-malatesta-anarchy
Manifesto of the Mexican Liberal Party (1911) by Ricardo Flores Magón
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/subject/anarchism/ricardo-flores-magon/1911/manifesto-of-the-mexican-liberal-party.html
The Anarchist Synthesis (1927) by Sébastien Faure
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/sebastien-faure-the-anarchist-synthesis
A Project of Anarchist Organisation (1927) by Errico Malatesta
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/errico-malatesta-a-project-of-anarchist-organisation
The ABC of Communist Anarchism (1929) by Alexander Berkman
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/berkman/1929/what-is-communist-anarchism/index.html
Tier 2
Fields, Factories and Workshops (1899) by Peter Kropotkin
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/petr-kropotkin-fields-factories-and-workshops-or-industry-combined-with-agriculture-and-brain-w
At the Café: Conversations on Anarchism (1922) by Errico Malatesta
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/malatesta/1922/at-the-cafe/index.html
On Synthesis (1924) by Volin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/subject/anarchism/voline/1924/on-synthesis.html
The Struggle Against the State and Other Essays (1926) by Nestor Makhno
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/makhno-nestor/works/1926/struggle-against-the-state/index.html
Tier 3
The Conquest of Bread (1892) by Peter Kropotkin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/kropotkin-peter/1892/bread.htm
Mutual Aid (1902) by Peter Kropotkin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/kropotkin-peter/1902/mutual-aid/index.htm
History of the Makhnovist Movement (1918–1921) (1923) by Peter Arshinov
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/peter-arshinov-history-of-the-makhnovist-movement-1918-1921
The Russian Revolution in the Ukraine (1926) by Nestor Makhno
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/nestor-makhno-the-russian-revolution-in-the-ukraine
Organizational Platform of the General Union of Anarchists (Draft) (1926) by Various Authors
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/dielo-truda-workers-cause-organisational-platform-of-the-libertarian-communists
——————–
Leninism
——————–
Based on the works of Vladimir Lenin, argues for a disciplined vanguard party using democratic centralism to seize state power and establish a temporary dictatorship of the proletariat to lead the transition from capitalism to socialism.
Tier 1
What Is To Be Done? (1902) by Vladimir Lenin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1901/witbd/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C-eCCtzsiXY
Revolutionary Adventurism (1902) by Vladimir Lenin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1902/sep/01.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ovPbNQ9JqjA
Socialism and Religion (1905) by Vladimir Lenin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1905/dec/03.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mKMlcPb1ttw
Three Source and Three Component Parts of Marxism (1913) by Vladimir Lenin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1913/mar/x01.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MOAII71GaFY
The ABC of Communism (1920) by Nikolai Buhkarin & Evgenii Preobrazhensky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/bukharin/works/1920/abc/index.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SVVnjwBQHH0
Tier 2
Two Tactics of Social Democracy in the Democratic Revolution (1905) by Vladimir Lenin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1905/tactics/index.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uQsWA4HCGuY
The Right of Nations to Self-Determination (1914) by Vladimir Lenin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1914/self-det/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0bbODqyoeM0
Imperialism and World Economy (1915) by Nikolai Bukharin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/bukharin/works/1917/imperial/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=13Uj5GE1h1U
The Proletarian Revolution and Renegade Kautsky (1918) by Vladimir Lenin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1918/prrk/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b_IWmgY8k2A
“Left-Wing” Communism: an Infantile Disorder (1920) by Vladimir Lenin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1920/lwc/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wh84f8czc7g
Tier 3
Materialism and Empirio-Criticism (1909) by Vladimir Lenin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1908/mec/
Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism (1917) by Vladimir Lenin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1916/imp-hsc/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFtUKPPYmqk
The State and Revolution (1917) by Vladimir Lenin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1917/staterev/
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FrfLQsyUYig
Historical Materialism: A System of Sociology (1921) by Nikolai Bukharin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/bukharin/works/1921/histmat/index.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sr7o64hezwc
——————–
Syndicalism
——————–
Tendency that aims to replace capitalism and the state by organizing workers into trade-union syndicates using direct action, such as general strikes, in order to take control of production and self-manage the economy.
Tier 1
Anarchism and the Workers' Unions (1895) by Fernand Pelloutier
📖 · https://libcom.org/article/anarchism-and-workers-unions-fernand-pelloutier
Sabotage (1898) by Émile Pouget
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/pouget/1898/sabotage.htm
The General Strike (1911) by Bill Haywood
📖 · https://archive.iww.org/history/library/Haywood/GeneralStrike/
The Conscious Withdrawal of the Workers' Industrial Efficiency (1917) by Elizabeth Gurley Flynn
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/subject/women/authors/flynn/1917/sabotage.htm
Tier 2
Anarcho-Syndicalism: Theory and Practice (1938) by Rudolf Rocker
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/rudolf-rocker-anarchosyndicalism
One Big Union (2000) by the Industrial Workers of the World
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/industrial-workers-of-the-world-one-big-union
Tier 3
Industrial Socialism (1911) by Bill Haywood
📖 · https://archive.iww.org/history/library/Haywood/IndSocialism/
The Autobiography of Mother Jones (1925) by Mother Jones
📖 · https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/65079/pg65079-images.html
Anarchists in the Spanish Revolution (1990) by José Peirats
📖 · https://files.libcom.org/files/Peirats%20J.%20Anarchists%20in%20the%20Spanish%20Revolution.pdf
——————–
Marxism-Leninism
——————–
Institutionalized doctrine that fuses Marx’s theory with Lenin’s praxis as codified official party ideology, applying the idea of historical materialism to a practical program of revolutionary vanguardism and a state-led transition to socialism.
Tier 1
Dialectical and Historical Materialism (1938) by Joseph Stalin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1938/09.htm
The Path Which Led Me To Leninism (1960) by Ho Chi Minh
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/ho-chi-minh/works/1960/04/x01.htm
The Khruschevites (1976) by Enver Hoxha
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/hoxha/works/1976/khruschevites/index.htm
Tier 2
Marxism and the National Question (1913) by Joseph Stalin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1913/03a.htm
Workers Manage Factories in Yugoslavia (1950) by Josip Broz Tito
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/tito/1950/06/26.htm
Marxism and Problems of Linguistics (1950) by Joseph Stalin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1950/jun/20.htm
History Will Absolve Me (1953) by Fidel Castro
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/history/cuba/archive/castro/1953/10/16.htm
Guerilla Warfare (1961) by Che Guevara
📖 · https://www.cheguevara.org/Guerrilla-Warfare.pdf
Eurocommunism is Anti-Communism (1980) by Enver Hoxha
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/hoxha/works/euroco/env2-1.htm
Tier 3
Foundations of Leninism (1924) by Joseph Stalin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1924/foundations-leninism/
The People's Front (1938) by Earl Browder
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/browder/peoples-front/index.htm
Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR (1951) by Joseph Stalin
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1951/economic-problems/index.htm
Imperialism and the Revolution (1979) by Enver Hoxha
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/hoxha/works/imp_rev/toc.htm
Revolution in Laos: Practice and Prospects (1981) by Kaysone Phomvihane
📖 · https://en.prolewiki.org/wiki/Library:Revolution_in_Laos
Women's Liberation and the African Freedom Struggle (1990) by Thomas Sankara
📖 · https://files.libcom.org/files/thomas-sankara-womens-liberation-and-the-african-freedom-struggle.pdf
——————–
Illegalism and Insurrectionary Anarchism
——————–
Both support propaganda of the deed as a method of revolutionary struggle, with Illegalism having roots in Individualist Anarchism while Insurrectionary Anarchism shares overlap with Anarcho-Communism.
Tier 1
A Letter from Mazas Prison (1886) by Clément Duval
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/clement-duval-a-letter-from-cleement-duval
Why I Was a Burglar (1905) by Marius Jacob
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/marius-jacob-why-i-was-a-burglar
Byzantinism and Limpness (1909) by Michel Antoine
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/michel-antoine-byzantinism-and-limpness
Is the Illegalist Anarchist Our Comrade? (1911) by Émile Armand
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/emile-armand-is-the-illegalist-anarchist-our-comrade
Two Lectures on the Bonnot Affair (1912) by Victor Serge
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/victor-serge-two-lectures-on-the-bonnot-affair
Tier 2
The Anarchism of Émile Armand (1907) by Émile Armand
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/emile-armand-the-anarchism-of-emile-armand
Toward the Creative Nothing (1924) by Renzo Novatore
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/renzo-novatore-toward-the-creative-nothing
The Principal of Organization to the Light of Anarchism (1927) by Luigi Galleani
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/luigi-galleani-the-principal-of-organization-to-the-light-of-anarchism
Armed Joy (1977) by Alfredo Bonnano
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/alfredo-m-bonanno-armed-joy
Tier 3
The Ego and Its Own (1844) by Max Stirner
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stirner/ego-and-its-own.htm
🎧 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oBOex4R61Oo
Against War, Against Peace, For The Social Revolution (1914) by Luigi Galleani
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/luigi-galleani-against-war-against-peace-for-the-social-revolution
The End of Anarchism? (1925) by Luigi Galleani
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/luigi-galleani-the-end-of-anarchism
Anarchists Never Surrender (1938) by Victor Serge
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/victor-serge-anarchists-never-surrender
The Bonnot Gang (1987) by Richard Parry
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/richard-parry-the-bonnot-gang-the-story-of-the-french-illegalists
The Coming Insurrection (2007) by The Invisible Committee
📖 · https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/comite-invisible-the-coming-insurrection
——————–
Trotskyism
——————–
Based on Leon Trotsky's work, stresses permanent revolution, proletarian internationalism, and an opposition to bureaucratic degeneration.
Tier 1
The Lessons of October (1924) by Leon Trotsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/1924/lessons/index.htm
The Transitional Program (1938) by Leon Trotsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/1938/tp/
Their Morals and Ours (1938) by Leon Trotsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/1938/morals/morals.htm
Fascism: What It Is and How to Fight It (1944) by Leon Trotsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/works/1944/1944-fas.htm
Tier 2
Terrorism and Communism (1920) by Leon Trotsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/1920/terrcomm/index.htm
The Permanent Revolution and Results and Prospects (1930) by Leon Trotsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/1931/tpr/index.htm
Tier 3
The Third International After Lenin (1928) by Leon Trotsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/1928/3rd/index.htm
History of the Russian Revolution (1930) by Leon Trotsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/1930/hrr/
The Revolution Betrayed (1936) by Leon Trotsky
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/1936/revbet/
——————–
Anarcho-Pacificism
——————–
https://blogs.law.columbia.edu/uprising1313/files/2017/10/Civil-Disobedience-by-Henry-David-Thoreau.pdf
——————–
Maoism
——————–
Developed by Mao Zedong, argues for peasant-led revolution, protracted people’s war, mass mobilization, and adapting Marxist strategy to agrarian societies.
Tier 1
Analysis of The Classes In Chinese Society (1926) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-1/mswv1_1.htm
Oppose Book Worship (1930) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-6/mswv6_11.htm
Be Concerned With the Well-Being of the Masses, Pay Attention to Methods of Work (1934) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-1/mswv1_10.htm
Combat Liberalism (1937) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-2/mswv2_03.htm
Serve The People (1944) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-3/mswv3_19.htm
Bombard The Headquarters (1966) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-9/mswv9_63.htm
Tier 2
On Contradiction (1937) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-1/mswv1_17.htm
On Practice' (1937) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-1/mswv1_16.htm
On Protracted War (1938) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-2/mswv2_09.htm
On New Democracy (1940) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-2/mswv2_26.htm
Tier 3
Report on an Investigation of the Peasant Movement In Hunan (1927) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-1/mswv1_2.htm
On Guerrilla Warfare (1937) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/works/1937/guerrilla-warfare/
The Chinese Revolution and the Chinese Communist Party (1939) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-2/mswv2_23.htm
On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People (1957) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-5/mswv5_58.htm
Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung (1964) by Mao Zedong
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/works/red-book/index.htm
——————–
Marxism-Leninism-Maoism
——————–
Treats Maoism as a higher stage of Marxism–Leninism, emphasizing peasant-led, protracted people’s war, the mass line, and continuing revolution to prevent bureaucratic degeneration.
Tier 1
On Gonzalo Thought (1988) by the Communist Party of Peru
📖 · https://michaelharrison.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/On-Gonzalo-Thought-1st-Congress.pdf
Marxism-Leninism-Maoism or Revisionism? (1990) by Prachanda
📖 · https://www.bannedthought.net/Nepal/Problems-Prospects/p_mlmor_revisionism.html
Tier 2
General Political Line (1988) by the Communist Party of Peru
📖 · https://bannedthought.net/Peru/CPP/Documents/GeneralPoliticalLineOfTheCommunistPartyOfPeru-1988-OCR.pdf
The Great Leap Forward: An Inevitable Need of History (2001) by the Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)
📖 · https://www.bannedthought.net/Nepal/Worker/Worker-07/GreatLeapForward-Prachanda-010200.htm
Hold High the Bright Red Banner of Marxism-Leninism-Maoism (2004) by the Communist Party of India (Maoist)
📖 · https://www.bannedthought.net/India/CPI-Maoist-Docs/Founding/MLM-pamphlet.pdf
Tier 3
On the Bourgeois-Democratic State (1961) by Abimael Guzmán
📖 · https://bannedthought.net/Peru/Gonzalo/Guzman-OnTheBourgeois-DemocraticState-1961-Thesis-OCR-sm.pdf
Philippine Society and Revolution (1970) by Amado Guerrero
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/history/philippines/cpp/guerrero/1970/psr.htm
Problems & Prospects of Revolution in Nepal (2004) by Prachanda and the Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)
📖 · https://bannedthought.net/Nepal/Problems-Prospects/index.htm
——————–
Socialism with Chinese Characteristics
——————–
Adapts and institutionalizes Marxism–Leninism to Chinese conditions by marrying one-party rule and state control of strategic sectors with market-oriented reforms to drive modernization.
Tier 1
Emancipate the Mind, Seek Truth From Facts and Unite As One In Looking to the Future (1978) by Deng Xiaoping
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/deng-xiaoping/1978/110.htm
Uphold the Four Cardinal Principles (1979) by Deng Xiaoping
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/deng-xiaoping/1979/115.htm
We Can Develop A Market Economy Under Socialism (1979) by Deng Xiaoping
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/deng-xiaoping/1979/152.htm
To Build Socialism We Must First Develop the Productive Forces (1980) by Deng Xiaoping
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/deng-xiaoping/1980/101.htm
Tier 2
On the Reform of the System of Party and State Leadership (1980) by Deng Xiaoping
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/deng-xiaoping/1980/220.htm
Tier 3
Build Socialism With Chinese Characteristics (1984) by Deng Xiaoping
📖 · https://www.bannedthought.net/China/Individuals/DengXiaoping/DengXiaoping-BuildSocialismWithChineseCharacteristics.pdf
On the “Three Represents” (2000) by Jiang Zemin
📖 · https://archive.org/details/JiangZeminThreeRepresents
Report to the 17th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party (2007) by Hu Jintao
📖 · https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2007-10/24/content_6204564.htm
The Governance of China (2014) by Xi Jinping
📖 · https://www.bannedthought.net/China/Individuals/XiJinping/XiJinping-TheGovernanceOfChina.pdf
——————–
Maoism-Third Worldism
——————–
Blends Maoist strategy with Third-Worldist analysis, arguing the revolutionary proletariat is concentrated in oppressed (Global South) countries while much First-World labor is seen as privileged or comprador.
Tier 1
Long Live the Victory of People’s War! (1965) by Lin Bao
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/lin-biao/1965/09/peoples_war/index.htm
Message to the Tricontinental (1967) by Che Guevara
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/guevara/1967/04/16.htm
Tier 2
White-Settler Colonialism and the Myth of Investment Imperialism (1972) by Arghiri Emmanuel
📖 · https://pdfhost.io/v/QUJ7qnsaq_WhiteSettler_Colonialism_and_the_Myth_of_Investment_Imperialism
Unequal Development (1973) by Samir Amin
📖 · https://www.prisoncensorship.info/archive/books/Economics/UnequalDevelopment_SamirAmin.pdf
Foreign Trade and the Law of Value (1979) by Anwar Shaikh
📖 · https://sci-hub.ru/https://www.jstor.org/stable/40402184
📖 · https://sci-hub.ru/https://www.jstor.org/stable/40402218
Settlers: The Mythology of the White Proletariat (1983) by J. Sakai
📖 · https://readsettlers.org/text-index.html
Eurocentrism (1989) by Samir Amin
📖 · https://contrapoder.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/08.-AMIN.pdf
The Wealth of (Some) Nations (2019) by Zak Cope
📖 · https://leftypol.org/edu/src/1655353202103-0.pdf
Tier 3
Accumulation on a World Scale (1971) by Samir Amin
📖 · https://annas-archive.org/md5/89ae1cfad31b7ba8d06acbdba571f721
Unequal Exchange: A Study of the Imperialism of Trade (1972) by Arghiri Emmanuel
📖 · https://www.prisoncensorship.info/archive/books/Economics/UnequalExchange_ArghiriEmmanuel.pdf
Delinking: Towards a Polycentric World (1986) by Samir Amin
📖 · https://libgen.gl/edition.php?id=138497885
Divided World, Divided Class (2012) by Zak Cope
📖 · https://www.prisoncensorship.info/archive/books/Economics/DividedWorldDividedClass_ZakCope.pdf
——————–
Juche
——————–
The official state ideology of North Korea, stressing political independence, economic self-sufficiency, self-defense, and the central role of the leader in guiding the nation.
Tier 1
For the Establishment of a United Party of the Working Masses (1946) by Kim Il Sung
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kim-il-sung/1946/08/29.pdf
On the Occasion of the Founding of the Korean People’s Army (1948) by Kim Il Sung
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kim-il-sung/1948/02/08.pdf
On Eliminating Dogmatism and Formalism and Establishing Juche in Ideological Work (1955) by Kim Il Sung
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kim-il-sung/1955/12/28.htm
Ten Principles for the Establishment of a Monolithic Ideological System (1974) by Kim Il Sung
📖 · https://www2.law.columbia.edu/course_00S_L9436_001/North%20Korea%20materials/10%20principles%20of%20juche.html
The Juche Idea is an Idea that Has Inherited and Developed the Progressive Ideologies of Mankind (1986) by Kim Jong Il
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kim-jong-il/works/The-Juche-Idea-Is-An-Idea-That-Has-Inherited-And-Developed-The-Progressive-Ideologies-Of-Mankind.pdf
Ours is the Socialism of Juche (1994) by Kim Il Sung
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kim-il-sung/1994/04/16.pdf
The Democratic People's Republic of Korea is a Juche-Oriented Socialist State with Invincible Might (2008) by Kim Jong Il
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kim-jong-il/works/The-Democratic-Peoples-Republic-Of-Korea-Is-A-Juche-Oriented-Socialist-State-With-Invincible-Might.pdf
Let Us March Forward Dynamically Towards Final Victory, Holding Higher the Banner of Songun (2012) by Kim Jong Un
📖 · http://www.korean-books.com.kp/KBMbooks/en/work/leader3/1201.pdf
Tier 2
On the Juche Idea (1982) by Kim Jong Il
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kim-jong-il/works/On-The-Juche-Idea.pdf
Our Socialism Centred on the Masses Shall Not Perish (1991) by Kim Jong Il
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/kim-jong-il/works/Our-Socialism-Centred-On-The-Masses-Shall-Not-Perish.pdf
Tier 3
On Juche in Our Revolution (1975) by Kim Il Sung
📖 · https://archive.org/details/KimJucheRevolutionVol1
——————–
Italian Left-Communism
——————–
Insisting on strict Marxist orthodoxy, rejecting parliamentarism, reformist trade unions and united fronts, while promoting a revolutionary, party-centered alternative to both social democracy and Marxism-Leninism.
Tier 1
Party and Class (1921) by Amadeo Bordiga
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/bordiga/works/1921/party-class.htm
Bourgeois Violence and Proletarian Defence (1946) by Onorato Damen
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/damen/1946/bourgeois-violence.htm
Proletarian Dictatorship and Class Party (1951) by Amadeo Bordiga
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/bordiga/works/1951/class-party.htm
Centralised Party, Yes – Centralism over the Party, No! (1951) by Onorato Damen
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/damen/1951/centralised.htm
Tier 2
Party and Class Action (1921) by Amadeo Bordiga
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/bordiga/works/1921/classact.htm
The Democratic Principle (1922) by Amadeo Bordiga
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/bordiga/works/1922/democratic-principle.htm
The Lyons Theses (1926) by Amadeo Bordiga
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/bordiga/works/1926/lyons-theses.htm
The Communist Left in the Third International (1926) by Amadeo Bordiga
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/bordiga/works/1926/comintern.htm
Dialogue with Stalin (1952) by Amadeo Bordiga
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/bordiga/works/1952/stalin.htm
We Defend the Italian Left (1966) by Onorato Damen
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/damen/1966/defend.htm
Tier 3
The Fundamentals for a Marxist Orientation (1946) by Amadeo Bordiga
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/bordiga/works/1946/orientation.htm
Bordiga — Beyond the Myth and the Rhetoric (1970) by Onorato Damen
📖 · https://www.leftcom.org/files/2018-10-02-damen-bordiga.pdf
——————–
Council Communism
——————–
Favors workers’ councils as the basis of proletarian power and organization as opposed to vanguard party centralism, arguing for direct, self-managed, council-based socialism.
Tier 1
World Revolution and Communist Tactics (1920) by Anton Pannekoek
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/pannekoe/1920/communist-tactics.htm
The Revolution Is Not A Party Affair (1920) by Otto Rühle
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/ruhle/1920/ruhle02.htm
The Lenin Legend (1935) by Paul Mattick
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/mattick-paul/1935/lenin-legend.htm
Why Past Revolutionary Movements Have Failed (1940) by Anton Pannekoek
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/pannekoe/1940/revo.htm
The Party and Class (1941) by Anton Pannekoek
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/pannekoe/1941/party-class.htm
The Failure of the Working Class (1946) by Anton Pannekoek
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/pannekoe/1946/failure-working-class.htm
Tier 2
Imperialism, the World War and Social Democracy (1914) by Herman Gorter
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/gorter/1914/imperialism.htm
The World Revolution (1918) by Herman Gorter
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/gorter/1918/world-revolution.htm
Report from Moscow (1920) by Otto Rühle
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/ruhle/1920/ruhle01.htm
Lenin As Philosopher (1938) by Anton Pannekoek
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/pannekoe/1938/lenin/index.htm
The Struggle Against Fascism Begins with the Struggle Against Bolshevism (1939) by Otto Rühle
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/ruhle/1939/ruhle01.htm
Spontaneity and Organisation (1949) by Paul Mattick
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/mattick-paul/1949/spontaneity.htm
Tier 3
An Open Letter to Comrade Lenin (1920) by Herman Gorter
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/gorter/1920/open-letter.htm
Workers' Councils (1942) by Anton Pannekoek
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/pannekoe/1947/workers-councils.htm
Marx and Keynes: The Limits of the Mixed Economy (1969) by Paul Mattick
📖 · https://www.marxists.org/archive/mattick-paul/1969/marx-keynes/index.htm
Anti-Bolshevik Communism (1978) by Paul Mattick
📖 · https://files.libcom.org/files/paul-mattick-anti-bolshevik-communism-2007_0.pdf
——————–
Frankfurt School
——————–
——————–
Neo-Marxism
——————–
——————–
Post-Marxism
——————–
R: 438 / I: 63
everal European countries are currently reevaluating their military conscription policies, with some, like Croatia, having recently decided to reinstate it. Regarding pension reforms, the debate is also active, with France serving as a prominent example where a recent reform is facing political opposition and proposed suspension.
>Croatia.
Parliament voted in October 2025 to bring back a 2-month compulsory service starting in 2026.
>Germany
The government is moving toward a "new military service" model starting with a mandatory digital questionnaire for young men from 2027, with the potential for mandatory conscription if needed.
>Denmark
Expanding to include women from July 2025. Service is selected via a lottery system from the pool of eligible 18-year-olds.
>Latvia
Reintroduced in 2023. All men between 18 and 27 must serve for 11 months.
Concurrently, pension reform is trying to be pushed in Belgium, France, Bosnia and Slovenia (that I know of). All want to raise the retirement age and lower pensions low term.
Serbia has a rebellion going on for almost a year.
Is there anything else happening?
/europol/
Starting this thread and hopefully it stays a general. There's no thread dedicated to the EVROPA and what happens here.everal European countries are currently reevaluating their military conscription policies, with some, like Croatia, having recently decided to reinstate it. Regarding pension reforms, the debate is also active, with France serving as a prominent example where a recent reform is facing political opposition and proposed suspension.
>Croatia.
Parliament voted in October 2025 to bring back a 2-month compulsory service starting in 2026.
>Germany
The government is moving toward a "new military service" model starting with a mandatory digital questionnaire for young men from 2027, with the potential for mandatory conscription if needed.
>Denmark
Expanding to include women from July 2025. Service is selected via a lottery system from the pool of eligible 18-year-olds.
>Latvia
Reintroduced in 2023. All men between 18 and 27 must serve for 11 months.
Concurrently, pension reform is trying to be pushed in Belgium, France, Bosnia and Slovenia (that I know of). All want to raise the retirement age and lower pensions low term.
Serbia has a rebellion going on for almost a year.
Is there anything else happening?
R: 13 / I: 9
Post any dream you remember having (ex: "I dreamed of a giant lady tied upside down to a tree in the middle of the ocean") and a picture you like.
Tarot readings for free
Doing tarot readings to grind divination EXP points and because I'm bored as fuck.Post any dream you remember having (ex: "I dreamed of a giant lady tied upside down to a tree in the middle of the ocean") and a picture you like.
R: 16 / I: 5
controversial opinion
the internet unironically enough, became unsafe for minors, once neoliberal adults and reactionaries took over online communities including fandom spaces, that were originally mixed age groups built by neurodivergent minors for over neurodivergent people, and treated them just like how they treated black people, women, and queer ppl a long time ago. going as far as to promote and weaponize IDs to use the internet and treat things like queer content like it’s “too much” for minors to handle because they’re “too young”
R: 544 / I: 291
Burgerpunk Thread 1: Rebooted Winter Soldier
Restarting the Burgerpunk thread.
R: 42 / I: 6
Reading
Towards a New Socialism by Paul Cockshott and Allin Cottrell: http://ricardo.ecn.wfu.edu/~cottrell/socialism_book/
Brain of the Firm by Stafford Beer
Cybernetic Revolutionaries by Eden Medina
Cybernetics: Or the Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine and The Human Use of Human Beings (1st edition) by Norbert Wiener
Economic cybernetics by Nikolay Veduta
People's Republic of Walmart by Leigh Phillips and Michal Rozworski
Red Plenty by Francis Spufford
Economics in kind, Total socialisation and A system of socialisation by Otto Neurath (Incommensurability, Ecology, and Planning: Neurath in the Socialist Calculation Debate by Thomas Uebel provides a summary)
Active writers/creators sorted by last name
>Paul Cockshott
https://www.patreon.com/williamCockshott/
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCVBfIU1_zO-P_R9keEGdDHQ (https://invidious.snopyta.org/channel/UCVBfIU1_zO-P_R9keEGdDHQ)
https://paulcockshott.wordpress.com/
http://paulcockshott.co.uk/
https://twitter.com/PaulCockshott (https://nitter.pussthecat.org/PaulCockshott)
>Cibcom (Spanish)
https://cibcom.org/
https://twitter.com/cibcomorg (https://nitter.pussthecat.org/cibcomorg)
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCav9ad3TMuhiWV6yP5t2IpA (https://invidious.snopyta.org/channel/UCav9ad3TMuhiWV6yP5t2IpA)
>Tomas Härdin
https://www.haerdin.se/tag/cybernetics.html
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC5fDgA_eHleDiTLC5qb5g8w (https://invidious.snopyta.org/channel/UC5fDgA_eHleDiTLC5qb5g8w)
Podcasts
>General Intellect Unit
Podcast of the Cybernetic Marxists
http://generalintellectunit.net/
Previous threads in chronological order
https://archive.is/uNCEY
https://web.archive.org/web/20201218152831/https://bunkerchan.xyz/leftypol/res/997358.html
https://archive.ph/uyggp
https://archive.is/xBFYY
https://archive.ph/Afx5a
https://archive.is/kAPvR
https://archive.is/0sAS2
https://archive.is/jXivP
https://archive.is/Lx8TF
/ CYBERCOM /
This thread is for the discussion of cybercommunism, the planning of the socialist economy by computerized means, including discussions of related topics and creators. Drama belongs in /isg/Reading
Towards a New Socialism by Paul Cockshott and Allin Cottrell: http://ricardo.ecn.wfu.edu/~cottrell/socialism_book/
Brain of the Firm by Stafford Beer
Cybernetic Revolutionaries by Eden Medina
Cybernetics: Or the Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine and The Human Use of Human Beings (1st edition) by Norbert Wiener
Economic cybernetics by Nikolay Veduta
People's Republic of Walmart by Leigh Phillips and Michal Rozworski
Red Plenty by Francis Spufford
Economics in kind, Total socialisation and A system of socialisation by Otto Neurath (Incommensurability, Ecology, and Planning: Neurath in the Socialist Calculation Debate by Thomas Uebel provides a summary)
Active writers/creators sorted by last name
>Paul Cockshott
https://www.patreon.com/williamCockshott/
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCVBfIU1_zO-P_R9keEGdDHQ (https://invidious.snopyta.org/channel/UCVBfIU1_zO-P_R9keEGdDHQ)
https://paulcockshott.wordpress.com/
http://paulcockshott.co.uk/
https://twitter.com/PaulCockshott (https://nitter.pussthecat.org/PaulCockshott)
>Cibcom (Spanish)
https://cibcom.org/
https://twitter.com/cibcomorg (https://nitter.pussthecat.org/cibcomorg)
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCav9ad3TMuhiWV6yP5t2IpA (https://invidious.snopyta.org/channel/UCav9ad3TMuhiWV6yP5t2IpA)
>Tomas Härdin
https://www.haerdin.se/tag/cybernetics.html
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC5fDgA_eHleDiTLC5qb5g8w (https://invidious.snopyta.org/channel/UC5fDgA_eHleDiTLC5qb5g8w)
Podcasts
>General Intellect Unit
Podcast of the Cybernetic Marxists
http://generalintellectunit.net/
Previous threads in chronological order
https://archive.is/uNCEY
https://web.archive.org/web/20201218152831/https://bunkerchan.xyz/leftypol/res/997358.html
https://archive.ph/uyggp
https://archive.is/xBFYY
https://archive.ph/Afx5a
https://archive.is/kAPvR
https://archive.is/0sAS2
https://archive.is/jXivP
https://archive.is/Lx8TF
R: 1 / I: 0
Out of these three who was the best?
Most Soviet leaders were only in office for like a year and we all know how we feel about Gorbachev so I was wondering what you think about these three MFs?
R: 146 / I: 7
CSAM ALERT
Its on siberia again
R: 28 / I: 6
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czechoslovakian_Wolfdog
Czechoslovakian Wolfdog
The Czechoslovakian Wolfdog is probably the most communist pet imaginable, literally created by the Czech military during the cold war.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czechoslovakian_Wolfdog
R: 44 / I: 24
Respect non communist thread
Are there any reactionary or non communist figures that you kinda support respect or like? And not the I like them because they are a meme or because they sabotaged themselves and their movement. Im talking more so about genuine respect towards them but still disagreeing with most of their policies. It doesnt have to be full like either just some degree of respect.
R: 0 / I: 0
The spread of these ideologies is linked to changes within the working class itself, particularly the growth of new strata of wage labor that rely increasingly on intellectual and creative capacities. These groups often lack collective experience, class consciousness, and organizational skills. Capitalist forces seek to keep them fragmented and individualized, preventing their transformation from a “class in itself” into a “class for itself.” Within this context, individuals are increasingly defined as bearers of marketable skills rather than as social beings. Alienation, consumerism, and narcissistic culture promote artificial needs and fragmented identities, encouraging a proliferation of individualized “rights” detached from collective and class interests.
Lifestyle, consumption patterns, and self-presentation become part of the commodification of the self. The obsessive pursuit of extreme self-definition—especially through fluid gender and sexual identities—is presented as liberation but instead leads to endless dissatisfaction, loss of meaning, and intensified alienation. Sexuality, detached from its biological, emotional, social, and cultural dimensions, becomes fetishized and instrumentalized, reflecting the broader emptiness produced by capitalist social relations.
Foucauldian micro-power theories and postmodern claims that gender and identity are arbitrary social constructions are the basis. Such approaches elevate particularity while rejecting universality, collectivity, and class-based subjectivity. Methodologically, they oscillate between biological determinism and sociological reductionism, both rooted in a metaphysical, anti-dialectical understanding of humanity that blocks scientific analysis of social laws and historical development.
These ideologies are not merely academic but are actively enforced through state and supranational institutions, international organizations, NGOs, and media networks. The same forces responsible for wars, exploitation, and social devastation promote gender and identity policies, fund academic programs and activism, and normalize practices such as commercial surrogacy. Such policies represent new forms of bodily exploitation and, particularly regarding children, constitute grave crimes.
This strategy serves an aggressive objective of global capital: the dissolution of collective bonds and even the biological foundations of human continuity, in order to preempt the formation of revolutionary subjects. Popular instinctive rejection of these developments reflects a healthy response to systemic decay, but without a scientific and organized progressive alternative, this reaction can be exploited by reactionary or fascist forces.
The communist strategic goal is a society where the full development of every personality is a condition for social development itself. Rights struggles are meaningful only insofar as they are organically linked to this goal and to the collective abolition of exploitation, oppression, and discrimination.
However,
“Everything that is human in the human being—that is, precisely what distinguishes them from animals—is 100% (not 90% or even 99%) the result of the social development of human society, and every individual capacity is an individually exercised function of the social, not the biological, organism, even though it is carried out by the natural, biologically innate organs of the human body—in this case, the brain.” (Ilyenkov)
While it is necessary to contribute in a comprehensive way to the critique of postmodern ideology, the excessive emphasis placed on it underestimates the persistent and intensifying dominance of traditional bourgeois ideology around gender (“fatherland–religion–family”). This is more deeply connected to the political weakness and/or unwillingness to rally LGBT workers in a revolutionary direction.
The problem, therefore, is not limited to the weighing of ideological currents, but concerns the problematic state of our intervention in the gender question and its theoretical foundations. We correctly identified the philosophical roots of the issue. However, theoretical questions cannot be detached from their political and movement-related consequences. In this context, a related but distinct question arises: on what terms is the confrontation with postmodernism conducted? These terms cannot be reduced to mechanistic materialism, nor exhausted by proclamations of “objective reality.” However radical such positions may appear today, the demands are higher. Only dialectical materialism is consistent materialism.
Human survival and development rest on the metabolism between social humanity and nature through labor, which is not merely a technical act but a social relation and the basis of consciousness; by changing nature, human beings change themselves. Marxism rejects biological reductionism and mechanistic materialism, recognizing that human capacities, consciousness, and identity are products of socio-historical development, with a material biological basis, within specific social relations. They are not reducible to lower forms of the motion of matter. This is the content of Marx’s critique of earlier materialism, including Feuerbach, when he pointed out that it failed to grasp reality also as human material activity, as practice, subjectively.
On the basis of contemporary scientific data, the complexity of the biology of sex, the existence of intersex conditions, and the “plasticity” of neurological (the unity of brain development with cultural, familial, etc. environments), hormonal, and bodily characteristics come to light—facts that refute simplistic biologism. Ultimately, only the dialectical-materialist methodology grasps these phenomena as contradictory expressions of a single, dynamic reality and provides a foundation for a consistent politics of emancipation, in contrast to the postmodern reduction of self-determination to a verbal act.
The species Homo sapiens was constituted through biological preconditions marking the transition from the herd to society, while the regulation of reproduction through exogamous kinship ties and the use of tools laid the foundations of the specifically social form of the motion of matter. Engels, in The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State, documents the existence of the pre-class primitive communal system and links the emergence of surplus product, classes, and the state to the “world-historic defeat of the female sex”—a thesis generally confirmed by contemporary anthropology, though specific historical details concerning the allegedly “natural” gendered division of labor require revision. The monogamous family, as the economic unit of class society, became the basis of the gendered division of labor, the chief perpetrator of the double oppression of women and LGBT people for the benefit of the ruling classes.
The oppression of women and LGBT workers is not a legal anomaly but a structural element of capitalism. The EU and bourgeois states promote formal equality and women’s “rights” as mechanisms of flexible labor, while maintaining wage inequalities and structures of patriarchal dependence, since the need for the nuclear family for the reproduction and disciplining of labor power—and, by extension, the criminalization of non-normative sexuality—is deeply rooted in the history of capital. Despite official proclamations, data show systematic discrimination against LGBT workers, particularly trans people, while legal equality conceals material oppression. The bourgeois state continues to exploit patriarchal notions to divide and exploit the working class. These lead even to murderous violence. The management of AIDS/HIV by bourgeois states was also murderous. Genuine emancipation presupposes the overthrow of capitalist relations of production.
Historically, the emancipation of women and LGBT people is linked to class struggle, while opportunist degeneration and eventual incorporation into individual rights discourse reflect weaknesses within the communist movement itself—despite evidence that socialism can abolish the material basis of this oppression (the October Revolution, the GDR, and Czechoslovakia).
The oppression of women and LGBT workers is not a matter of “attitudes,” but a product of exploitative relations of production and the bourgeois family and ideological framework. The bourgeois notion of “self-determination” and individual rights appears as a semblance of freedom that conceals wage slavery and deeper social inequality. We must not cede this concept to our enemies. On the contrary, real bodily self-determination and equality can exist only through collective emancipation.
Ideological confrontation with bourgeois philosophy is insufficient without practical struggle for the emancipation of LGBT workers. Denouncing marriage as an institution is a necessary starting point, but it is not enough when it entails tangible economic and social security benefits. The contemporary revolutionary Program constitutes the only consistent basis for a strategic confrontation with state institutions, revealing that bourgeois laws do not aim at substantive equality but at the commodification of reproduction, adoption, and the female body, and at ideological incorporation. A revolutionary policy must combine a comprehensive anti-capitalist proposal to detach the family from economic coercion with concrete measures facilitating the lives of the oppressed. This expresses a central task for communists today: overcoming the contradiction between the formally and the substantively revolutionary character of our work, as theoretical shortcomings lead to tactics that neither serve the interests of LGBT workers nor strengthen their rallying and the unity of the movement.
For the revolutionary Program to enter the lives of the oppressed, certain backward views must be overcome. A child’s development is independent of the parents’ sexuality: relatively so, since it is not responsible for homophobia or the deficiencies of the bourgeois state; absolutely so, since personality formation is determined by the mode of production, social relations, and participation in class struggle. Motherhood and fatherhood have social content, which is transformed under socialism, as illustrated by Gorky’s Mother, who felt all the children of the Soviet people to be her own.
Ultimately, under the rainbow of imperialism, LGBT workers fight “under a foreign flag.” The true symbol of the emancipation of all humanity is the red banner, which sooner or later will fly again. Thus, LGBT workers can find their freedom only in common struggle with the revolutionary workers’ movement.
identity opportunism vs chauvinism
Bourgeois ideology, strongly influences social consciousness by reframing complex social problems—such as violence against women, gender, racism, and identity—through the narrow lens of individual rights. This ideological framework obscures the social and class roots of oppression and therefore must be confronted theoretically and politically. The task is to critically examine the social and economic conditions that give rise to these ideas, their anti-scientific and irrational character, their institutional enforcement, their strategic role for the capitalist system, and the necessity of their systematic, evidence-based opposition.The spread of these ideologies is linked to changes within the working class itself, particularly the growth of new strata of wage labor that rely increasingly on intellectual and creative capacities. These groups often lack collective experience, class consciousness, and organizational skills. Capitalist forces seek to keep them fragmented and individualized, preventing their transformation from a “class in itself” into a “class for itself.” Within this context, individuals are increasingly defined as bearers of marketable skills rather than as social beings. Alienation, consumerism, and narcissistic culture promote artificial needs and fragmented identities, encouraging a proliferation of individualized “rights” detached from collective and class interests.
Lifestyle, consumption patterns, and self-presentation become part of the commodification of the self. The obsessive pursuit of extreme self-definition—especially through fluid gender and sexual identities—is presented as liberation but instead leads to endless dissatisfaction, loss of meaning, and intensified alienation. Sexuality, detached from its biological, emotional, social, and cultural dimensions, becomes fetishized and instrumentalized, reflecting the broader emptiness produced by capitalist social relations.
Foucauldian micro-power theories and postmodern claims that gender and identity are arbitrary social constructions are the basis. Such approaches elevate particularity while rejecting universality, collectivity, and class-based subjectivity. Methodologically, they oscillate between biological determinism and sociological reductionism, both rooted in a metaphysical, anti-dialectical understanding of humanity that blocks scientific analysis of social laws and historical development.
These ideologies are not merely academic but are actively enforced through state and supranational institutions, international organizations, NGOs, and media networks. The same forces responsible for wars, exploitation, and social devastation promote gender and identity policies, fund academic programs and activism, and normalize practices such as commercial surrogacy. Such policies represent new forms of bodily exploitation and, particularly regarding children, constitute grave crimes.
This strategy serves an aggressive objective of global capital: the dissolution of collective bonds and even the biological foundations of human continuity, in order to preempt the formation of revolutionary subjects. Popular instinctive rejection of these developments reflects a healthy response to systemic decay, but without a scientific and organized progressive alternative, this reaction can be exploited by reactionary or fascist forces.
The communist strategic goal is a society where the full development of every personality is a condition for social development itself. Rights struggles are meaningful only insofar as they are organically linked to this goal and to the collective abolition of exploitation, oppression, and discrimination.
However,
“Everything that is human in the human being—that is, precisely what distinguishes them from animals—is 100% (not 90% or even 99%) the result of the social development of human society, and every individual capacity is an individually exercised function of the social, not the biological, organism, even though it is carried out by the natural, biologically innate organs of the human body—in this case, the brain.” (Ilyenkov)
While it is necessary to contribute in a comprehensive way to the critique of postmodern ideology, the excessive emphasis placed on it underestimates the persistent and intensifying dominance of traditional bourgeois ideology around gender (“fatherland–religion–family”). This is more deeply connected to the political weakness and/or unwillingness to rally LGBT workers in a revolutionary direction.
The problem, therefore, is not limited to the weighing of ideological currents, but concerns the problematic state of our intervention in the gender question and its theoretical foundations. We correctly identified the philosophical roots of the issue. However, theoretical questions cannot be detached from their political and movement-related consequences. In this context, a related but distinct question arises: on what terms is the confrontation with postmodernism conducted? These terms cannot be reduced to mechanistic materialism, nor exhausted by proclamations of “objective reality.” However radical such positions may appear today, the demands are higher. Only dialectical materialism is consistent materialism.
Human survival and development rest on the metabolism between social humanity and nature through labor, which is not merely a technical act but a social relation and the basis of consciousness; by changing nature, human beings change themselves. Marxism rejects biological reductionism and mechanistic materialism, recognizing that human capacities, consciousness, and identity are products of socio-historical development, with a material biological basis, within specific social relations. They are not reducible to lower forms of the motion of matter. This is the content of Marx’s critique of earlier materialism, including Feuerbach, when he pointed out that it failed to grasp reality also as human material activity, as practice, subjectively.
On the basis of contemporary scientific data, the complexity of the biology of sex, the existence of intersex conditions, and the “plasticity” of neurological (the unity of brain development with cultural, familial, etc. environments), hormonal, and bodily characteristics come to light—facts that refute simplistic biologism. Ultimately, only the dialectical-materialist methodology grasps these phenomena as contradictory expressions of a single, dynamic reality and provides a foundation for a consistent politics of emancipation, in contrast to the postmodern reduction of self-determination to a verbal act.
The species Homo sapiens was constituted through biological preconditions marking the transition from the herd to society, while the regulation of reproduction through exogamous kinship ties and the use of tools laid the foundations of the specifically social form of the motion of matter. Engels, in The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State, documents the existence of the pre-class primitive communal system and links the emergence of surplus product, classes, and the state to the “world-historic defeat of the female sex”—a thesis generally confirmed by contemporary anthropology, though specific historical details concerning the allegedly “natural” gendered division of labor require revision. The monogamous family, as the economic unit of class society, became the basis of the gendered division of labor, the chief perpetrator of the double oppression of women and LGBT people for the benefit of the ruling classes.
The oppression of women and LGBT workers is not a legal anomaly but a structural element of capitalism. The EU and bourgeois states promote formal equality and women’s “rights” as mechanisms of flexible labor, while maintaining wage inequalities and structures of patriarchal dependence, since the need for the nuclear family for the reproduction and disciplining of labor power—and, by extension, the criminalization of non-normative sexuality—is deeply rooted in the history of capital. Despite official proclamations, data show systematic discrimination against LGBT workers, particularly trans people, while legal equality conceals material oppression. The bourgeois state continues to exploit patriarchal notions to divide and exploit the working class. These lead even to murderous violence. The management of AIDS/HIV by bourgeois states was also murderous. Genuine emancipation presupposes the overthrow of capitalist relations of production.
Historically, the emancipation of women and LGBT people is linked to class struggle, while opportunist degeneration and eventual incorporation into individual rights discourse reflect weaknesses within the communist movement itself—despite evidence that socialism can abolish the material basis of this oppression (the October Revolution, the GDR, and Czechoslovakia).
The oppression of women and LGBT workers is not a matter of “attitudes,” but a product of exploitative relations of production and the bourgeois family and ideological framework. The bourgeois notion of “self-determination” and individual rights appears as a semblance of freedom that conceals wage slavery and deeper social inequality. We must not cede this concept to our enemies. On the contrary, real bodily self-determination and equality can exist only through collective emancipation.
Ideological confrontation with bourgeois philosophy is insufficient without practical struggle for the emancipation of LGBT workers. Denouncing marriage as an institution is a necessary starting point, but it is not enough when it entails tangible economic and social security benefits. The contemporary revolutionary Program constitutes the only consistent basis for a strategic confrontation with state institutions, revealing that bourgeois laws do not aim at substantive equality but at the commodification of reproduction, adoption, and the female body, and at ideological incorporation. A revolutionary policy must combine a comprehensive anti-capitalist proposal to detach the family from economic coercion with concrete measures facilitating the lives of the oppressed. This expresses a central task for communists today: overcoming the contradiction between the formally and the substantively revolutionary character of our work, as theoretical shortcomings lead to tactics that neither serve the interests of LGBT workers nor strengthen their rallying and the unity of the movement.
For the revolutionary Program to enter the lives of the oppressed, certain backward views must be overcome. A child’s development is independent of the parents’ sexuality: relatively so, since it is not responsible for homophobia or the deficiencies of the bourgeois state; absolutely so, since personality formation is determined by the mode of production, social relations, and participation in class struggle. Motherhood and fatherhood have social content, which is transformed under socialism, as illustrated by Gorky’s Mother, who felt all the children of the Soviet people to be her own.
Ultimately, under the rainbow of imperialism, LGBT workers fight “under a foreign flag.” The true symbol of the emancipation of all humanity is the red banner, which sooner or later will fly again. Thus, LGBT workers can find their freedom only in common struggle with the revolutionary workers’ movement.
R: 130 / I: 78
>Post original content you've made, or OC someone else recently made which you want to share.
<Or ITT collaborate on improving content already made.
If your original content is good enough, it would most likely be shared on the /leftypol/ twitter account!
Make sure to follow us and feel free to leave suggestions on this thread~
https://twitter.com/leftypol_org
https://xcancel.com/leftypol_org
previous thread:>>1945100
>>>/leftypol_archive/1945100 (if it gets archived by mods, don't hold your breath)
New Booru:
https://lefty.pictures
MAKE SURE TO UPLOAD YOUR OC TO THE BOORU SO IT DOESNT GET PRUNED FOREVER!!!
OC Thread 18.0
Thread dedicated to /leftypol/ original content.>Post original content you've made, or OC someone else recently made which you want to share.
<Or ITT collaborate on improving content already made.
If your original content is good enough, it would most likely be shared on the /leftypol/ twitter account!
Make sure to follow us and feel free to leave suggestions on this thread~
https://twitter.com/leftypol_org
https://xcancel.com/leftypol_org
previous thread:
New Booru:
https://lefty.pictures
MAKE SURE TO UPLOAD YOUR OC TO THE BOORU SO IT DOESNT GET PRUNED FOREVER!!!